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INVENTION
Patent of the Russian Federation RU2167125
RAW MIXTURE FOR THE MANUFACTURING OF WALL CERAMICS
The name of the inventor: Lokhova NA; Makarova IA; Patramanskaya S.V.
The name of the patent holder: Bratsk Industrial Institute
Address for correspondence:
Date of commencement of the patent: 1999.02.23
Use: production of wall ceramic materials. The technical result of the invention is to increase the frost resistance of firing products to 75 cycles. The technical result is achieved by using microsilica as the raw material components of the mixture - the yield of production of crystalline silicon and the spill from the battle of spent coal lining with chemical composition, by weight: SiO 2 - 22.40; Al 2 O 3 - 15.01; Fe 2 O 3 - 2.05; CaO = 2.60; MgO: 1.58; F-up to 15; Na up to 15; C - up to 67, with the following ratio of components, mass. %: Microsilica - a waste of production of crystalline silicon 80-70, a spill from the battle of spent coal lining 20-30. The components are mixed in a dry state, moistened to 16%, molded by semi-dry pressing, dried and fired at 900 ° C. The physical and mechanical parameters are as follows: average density 1100-1200 kg / m 3 , compressive strength 8.8-14.6 MPa, water absorption 19.5-26.9, frost resistance over 75 cycles.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to the production of building materials and can be used for manufacturing fired wall products.
The closest to the proposed raw meal is the raw meal mixture, which includes 15.. . 80 wt. % Microsilica of production of crystalline silicon and 20.. . 85 wt. % Of high-calcium ash from the combustion of brown coal (Patent RF 2086517 C1, 10.08.1997).
The disadvantage of this mixture is the low frost resistance of fired products.
The offered solution provides achievement of technical result - increase of frost resistance of firing products up to 75 cycles.
The use of such large-tonnage wastes as the spill from the battle of the spent coal lining and microsilica - the withdrawal of the production of crystalline silicon, allows us to obtain high-quality wall material, but will also contribute to solving the environmental problem.
In addition, the advantages of the proposed mixture is the presence in the spent coal lining of a significant amount of carbon (up to 67%) in combination with the mineral component. Organic part during firing pores the material and reduces the cost of firing, and mineral activates the formation of crystalline phases. The firing temperature is then reduced to 900 ° C.
This technical result is achieved by using microsilica as the raw material components of the mixture - the yield of production of crystalline silicon and the spill from the battle of spent coal lining with the following ratio of components, mass%:
- Microsilica - a waste of production of crystalline silicon 80 ... 70;
- A spill from the battle of the spent coal lining of electrolysers 20 ... 30.
Microsilica - the waste of production of crystalline silicon from the Bratsk Aluminum Smelter is a fine waste, characterized by a small particle size (0.1 ... 3 μm) and, as a result, a high specific surface area (more than 25,000 cm 2 / g) and a small bulk density Up to 300 kg / m 3 ). The microsilica is precipitated in the electrostatic precipitators of the gas cleaning system of the melting furnaces of the production of crystalline silicon, after which it is removed in the form of an aqueous suspension in the slurry storage. Chemical composition of microsilica, wt.%:
SiO 2 - 90 ... 95
Al 2 O 3 - up to 0.8
Fe 2 O 3 - up to 0.8
CaO - up to 1,6
MgO - up to 1,2
SiC - up to 5
C total - up to 9
K + - up to 0,25
Na + - up to 0.06
Pp. - up to 20
The spent coal lining is a waste of aluminum production, which is formed when the electrolysers are overhauled. After crushing and screening, large pieces of spent coal lining are disposed of in the metallurgical industry, and the crumbling (less than 5 mm) does not find any application and is taken to the dump. Chemical composition of spill from the battle of coal lining, mass%:
SiO 2 22.40
Al 2 O 3 - 15.01
Fe 2 O 3 - 2.05
CaO = 2.60
MgO: 1.58
F - up to 15
Na + - up to 15
С - up to 67
The waste does not require additional grinding, since the predominant size of its particles (more than 90%) is up to 1.25 mm. The bulk density of spill from the battle of coal lining is 760 kg / m 3 .
The amorphous state of silica in microsilica facilitates the accumulation of the liquid phase and the sintering of the material, and the introduction of an organomineral additive results in the mineralization of the entire system without deterioration in the average density of the material. The consequence of this is an increase in frost resistance of products.
Example
To prepare the raw mix use microsilica - a waste of production of crystalline silicon and a spill from the battle of the spent coal lining of BrAZ electrolyzers.
Microsilica - a waste of production of crystalline silicon and a spill of spent coal lining is mixed in a dry state, after which it is moistened to a molding moisture content of 16%. From the obtained charge, products are molded by the method of semi-dry pressing at a pressure of 20 MPa. The semi-finished product is dried at 100-110 ° C to constant weight and calcined at 900 ° C. Specific examples of the compositions and the physical and mechanical properties of articles based on these are shown in Table. 1 and 2.
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CLAIM
A raw material mixture for the manufacture of wall ceramic products, including microsilica - a waste of production of crystalline silicon and a carbonaceous additive, characterized in that it contains as a carbonaceous additive a waste of aluminum production - a spill from the battle of spent coal lining of electrolysers with chemical composition, mass%: SiO 2 - 22.40; Al 2 O 3 - 15.01; Fe 2 O 3 - 2.05; CaO = 2.60; MgO: 1.58; F - up to 15; Na up to 15; C - up to 67, with the following ratio of components, mass%: microsilica - waste production of crystalline silicon 80-70, a spill from the battle of spent coal lining 20-30.
print version
Date of publication 06.04.2007гг
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