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INVENTION
Patent of the Russian Federation RU2070178
METHOD OF MANUFACTURING WALL CERAMIC PRODUCTS
The name of the inventor: Makarova IA; Lokhova N.A.
The name of the patent holder: Bratsk Industrial Institute
Address for correspondence:
Date of commencement of the patent: 1993.07.09
The invention relates to the production of building materials and can be used for making articles of wall ceramics, in particular highly clayed clay raw materials. The method of manufacturing wall ceramics products includes the preparation of an emulsion by treating acid residues from the decomposition of sulphate soap in an alkaline medium, treating the emulsion with stirring with sodium hypochlorite taken in an amount of 5-10% in terms of active chlorine, introducing it into a clay raw material containing 16 - 18%, molding and firing.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to the production of building materials and can be used to manufacture articles of wall ceramics, in particular from highly clayed clay raw materials.
A method for manufacturing wall ceramics is known, which includes the introduction of an emulsion into a clay batch, molding and baking. The disadvantage of this method is the deficiency and high cost of the superplasticizer additive C-3.
The closest to the proposed invention in terms of the technical essence and the effect achieved is the method of manufacturing wall ceramics [2] comprising the preparation of an emulsion by treating acid residues from the decomposition of sulphate soap in an alkaline medium and introducing it into a carbonate-containing clay raw material, molding and calcining.
The disadvantage of this method of production of wall ceramics based on highly-carcassed raw materials is the relatively low frost resistance of articles, due to the presence of free calcium and magnesium oxides in the calcined shard.
The object of the invention is to reduce the amount of dope and increase the frost resistance of ceramic products from highly clayed raw materials.
This problem is solved by the fact that the emulsion is added to the clay raw material in an amount of 0.5 to 1.5% by weight. With a carbonate content of 16-18% is further treated with stirring with sodium hypochlorite, taken in an amount of 5-10% in terms of active chlorine.
Preliminary oxidation of the emulsion with sodium hypochlorite results in the enrichment of the organic additive with oxygen-containing groups, which facilitates the process of thermal destruction of the additive during firing and increases the amount of reducing gases and water vapor in the composition of the gas phase formed.
In the temperature range of 400.1000 o C, the recovering reducing gases activate redox processes that occur during the firing of clayey charges, which contributes to an earlier accumulation of the liquid phase and the binding of free calcium and magnesium oxides to neoplasms.
Water vapor released during the thermal destruction of the emulsion, reacting with dispersive carbon, is an additional supplier of reducing gases
H 2 O + C → CO + H 2
The aforementioned processes in aggregate cause a reduction in the amount of free calcium and magnesium oxides in the calcined material, which cause the formation of a dick and reduce the frost resistance of articles.
Examples of manufacturing of wall ceramics
For the preparation of raw mixtures, the heavy loam of the Anzebinskoye deposit is used in the following chemical composition, SiO 2 56.02; Al 2 O 3 13.81; Fe 2 O 3 5.80; CaO 5.61; MgO 5.83; K 2 O 4.65; Na 2 O 0.41; SO 3 0.17; PPP 11.3.
The content of calcium and magnesium carbonates in the clay raw materials of the Anzebinsky deposit is 16-18%, inc. In the form of coarse-grained inclusions ranging in size from 0.5 to 2 mm to 1.5 2%
Acidic residues from the decomposition of the sulphate soap are emulsified in an alkaline medium by the method [2]. Then, a predetermined amount of sodium hypochlorite 5-10% is added in terms of active chlorine and stirred for 1 2 min. The resulting emulsion is introduced into the clay raw material in an amount of 0.5 to 1.5% by weight. And mixed until the components are evenly distributed, after which water is added in an amount necessary to obtain a molding moisture mass. Samples of the resulting clay mass are formed and fired according to the regime adopted in [2].
In the proposed method, sodium hypochlorite (CaO) is used as a technical solution (with an active chlorine content of 46 g / l), widely used for bleaching cellulose in pulp and paper mills.
The raw mixture according to the prototype is prepared according to [2]
Specific examples of the compositions of raw mixtures and the physical and mechanical properties of ceramic products based on them are given in Table 1.
When going beyond the boundary values, the goal of the proposed invention is not achieved (examples of the implementation of the methods Nos. 1 and 5).
The optimal conditions for the realization of the proposed method are, in the opinion of the authors, the consumption of sodium hypochlorite for the treatment of emulsified COSM in an amount of 5-10% in terms of active chlorine and the introduction of modified COSM in clay raw materials in an amount of 0.5-1.5 wt.
CLAIM
A method of manufacturing articles of wall ceramics comprising the preparation of an emulsion by treating acid residues from the decomposition of sulphate soap in an alkaline medium and introducing it into a carbonate-containing clay raw material, molding and calcining, characterized in that the emulsion is further treated, before being introduced into a clay raw material with a carbonate content of 16-18% When mixed with sodium hypochlorite, taken in an amount of 5-10% in terms of active chlorine.
print version
Date of publication 06.04.2007гг
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