Start of section Production, amateur Radio amateurs Aircraft model, rocket-model Useful, entertaining	Stealth Master Electronics Physics Technologies Inventions	Secrets of the cosmos Secrets of the Earth Secrets of the Ocean Tricks Map of section
Use of the site materials is allowed subject to the link (for websites - hyperlinks)

INVENTION
Patent of the Russian Federation RU2291129

CEMENT-SANDING COMPOSITION

The name of the inventor: Chernyakov Andrey Valerievich (RU); Varygin Vladimir Nikolaevich (RU); Bogomolova Olga V. (RU); Fedorova Elena Konstantinovna
The name of the patent holder: Limited Liability Company "Scientific-Production Association" Kosmos "
Address for correspondence: 121248, Moscow, PO Box 16, Pat. E.V. Wojciechowska, reg. No. 46
Date of commencement of the patent: 2005.08.11

The invention relates to the field of composite building materials that can be used to protect concrete, brick and stone surfaces of renovated, restored and under construction buildings and structures. In the cement-sand composition comprising cement, sand, water and a complex additive containing calcium hydroxide and sodium carbonate, the additive further comprises calcium sulfate and methyl and / or ethyl sodium and / or sodium siliconeate and / or potassium carbonate in the following composition ratio, wt.%: Calcium hydroxide 0.6-0.9, sodium carbonate 1.3-1.4, calcium sulphate 2.5-3.0, methyl and / or ethyl sodium silicate and / or potassium (dry) 0.001 -0,1, cement - 36,0-40,0, sand - 39,0-49,0, water - the rest. The complex additive may further contain 0.9-1.8% by weight of sodium nitrate. Methyl and / or ethyl sodium and / or potassium siliconeate are used in solid form (powder SIACOR) or in liquid form (organosilicon liquids GKZh-10 and / or GKZh-11). The technical result is a decrease in water absorption and an increase in the durability of walls and other building structures, in particular, architectural monuments.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to building materials, in particular to compositions of mixtures which can be used to protect concrete surfaces of buildings and structures for various purposes from concrete, reinforced concrete, stone and brick.

Numerous protective compositions are known with the use of a cement binder with various additives that are used for the restoration, repair and construction of concrete, brick and stone structures.

Ensuring the durable protection of the restored, reconstructed, and newly constructed buildings and structures, including the migration of moisture, is very relevant.

Known composition for the restoration of ancient structures from the crumbling stone, including a cement binder - Portland cement clinker, an addition based on an inorganic acid salt - sodium nitrite, potassium chromate and water (RU, patent number 2017704, C 04 V 41/62, 1994).

The disadvantage of this composition is a low rate of setting and hardening - 1-2 days.

The closest in terms of technical essence to the proposed is a cement-sand composition for the protection of concrete surfaces, including cement, sand and water, and an inorganic ionic complex additive - nitrate, carbonate, sodium sulfate and chloride, carbide, calcium hydroxide (RU, patent No. 2072335 , C 04 B 28/00, 1997).

The disadvantages of this composition are the content of chlorides in it, and high water absorption, which hinders its use as a waterproofing, as well as for repair and restoration.

The object of the present invention is to expand the functionality of the cement-sand composition for the protection of concrete, stone and brick by using it as a waterproofing with hydrophobizing properties.

The technical result is to reduce water absorption and increase the durability of walls and other building structures, in particular, architectural monuments.

The task is achieved, and the technical result is achieved due to the fact that in a cement-sand composition comprising cement, sand, water and a complex additive, the complex additive additionally contains calcium sulphate and methyl and / or ethyl sodium silicone and / or potassium in the following ratio Components of the composition, wt.%:

A and due to the fact that the complex additive additionally contains sodium nitrate at the following ratio of the composition components, mass%:

Wherein the methyl and / or ethyl sodium and / or potassium siliconeate is used in solid or liquid form, preferably in the form of powder SIACOR or silicone-organic liquids-GKZH-10 and / or GKZh-11.

For the preparation of the composition as binder (36.0-40.0% by weight), for example, portland cement and slag Portland cement are used according to GOST 10178-85, and quartz sand (39.0-49.0% by weight) as filler , For example, according to GOST 8736-93.

The claimed amounts of binder and aggregate provide the necessary and sufficient strength of the protective layer.

The complex additive contains a hydrophobizer (0.001-0.1% by weight on a dry matter basis), for example, SIACOR - powdered sodium methylsiliconeate, completely soluble in water - TU 6-02-1-042-92 or hydrophobizing silicone fluids GKZh-10 and / or GKZh-11 methyl and / or ethyl siliconate of sodium and / or potassium in accordance with TU 6-02-696-76, and regulators of the setting time - calcium sulphate (gypsum binder) (2.5-3.0 Weight) - GOST 125-79, calcium hydroxide (hydrated building lime without additives) (0.6-0.9% by weight) - GOST 9179-77 and sodium carbonate (soda) (1.3-1.4% Wt.%).

In addition, the complex additive may contain a hardening accelerator (0.9-1.8% by weight) - sodium nitrate. The claimed content of sodium nitrate provides a stoichiometric ratio with other components of the complex additive.

The combination of a hydrophobizer (SIKORA), gypsum, lime and soda in a complex additive results in a change in the setting time, an increase in the depth of penetration into concrete and brick, and a decrease in water absorption.

To prepare the claimed cement-sand composition, all the dry components of the composition are premixed and then watered before use.

If silicone fluids are used as a hydrophobizator, they should be introduced into the mixing water, followed by the connection with the dry components of the composition.

To evaluate the characteristics of the protective compositions, tests were carried out using standard techniques.

The strength tests were carried out in accordance with GOST 10180-90 "Concretes: Methods for determining the strength of control samples" on samples-cubes with a face of 7 cm.

Tests of the proposed compositions for water absorption were carried out on bricks with the applied composition according to GOST 7025-91 "Bricks and stones, ceramic and silicate, Methods for determination of water absorption, density and frost resistance control".

Examples of compositions of the proposed cement-sand composition are given in Table 1.

The properties of the composition according to the prototype, according to the data reproduced by the authors, and the proposed composition are shown in Table 2.

Thus, the introduction of a cement-sand composition of a hydrophobizing additive and gypsum into a complex additive allows to reduce the water absorption of concrete, stone and brick surfaces, which leads to an increase in the durability of walls and other structures.

CLAIM

1. A cement-sand composition comprising cement, sand, water and a complex additive containing calcium hydroxide and sodium carbonate, characterized in that the complex additive further comprises calcium sulphate and methyl and / or ethyl sodium and / or sodium siliconeate in the following ratio of components Composition, mass%:

2. A cement-sand composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the complex additive further comprises sodium nitrate at the following component ratio, by weight:

3. A cement-sand composition according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that methyl and / or ethyl sodium and / or potassium siliconeate are used in solid or liquid form.

4. A cement-sand composition according to claim 3, characterized in that a powder of SIACOR powder is used in a solid form.

5. A cement-sand composition according to claim 3, characterized in that in liquid form, liquid-organic liquids GKZh-10 and / or GKZh-11 are used.

print version
Publication date 17.01.2007gg

NEW ARTICLES AND PUBLICATIONS
	The technology of manufacturing universal couplings for unbreakable, threadless, flossless connection of pipe sections in high pressure pipelines (video is available )
	Technology of oil and oil products cleaning
	On the possibility of moving a closed mechanical system at the expense of internal forces
	Fluorescence in thin dielectric channels
	The relationship between quantum and classical mechanics
	Millimeter waves in medicine. A New Look. MMV therapy
	Magnetic engine
	Heat source based on pump units