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INVENTION
Russian Federation Patent RU2168481
METHOD FOR PRODUCING A BUILDING PRODUCTS Bezobzhigovye
Name of the inventor: Korotaeva ZA .; Ushakova EP .; Poluboyarov VA .; Lapin AE
The name of the patentee: Institute of Solid State Chemistry and Mechanochemistry
Starting date of the patent: 2000.03.06
The invention relates to the construction materials industry, namely the production technology chemically bonded bricks and tiles. In the manufacturing method bezobzhigovyh building products, comprising mixing an alkali metal silicate and filler, the mixing water, molding and drying, as an alkali metal silicate using liquid sodium glass as a filler - milled bout glass or jointly ground mixture of glass breakage with sand and / or clay, whereby said filler is mixed with the liquid sodium glass, into the mixture is further added mikrokremnezemistye ferrosilicon production waste, which is performed after mixing with water in the following ratio by weight. h .: 10-100 bout glass, sand - up to 90, clay - 50, sodium liquid glass on the solid residue - 2.5-10, mikrokremnezemistye waste production of ferrosilicon - 2-6, the water - 5-10, and molded articles dried first in air then in an oven at 200 -. 300 ° C for 1-2 h during the mixing process is further added heat-resistant pigment and a blue alyumokobaltovy finished products are subjected to the glazing by baking in an oven at 600-700 o C for 5 -20 min. The technical result - the method simplification, reducing its energy consumption and the expansion of resource base through the use of glass breakage and mikrokremnezemistyh waste.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to the construction materials industry, namely manufacturing technology chemically bonded bricks and tiles on the basis of liquid sodium glass, broken glass and fight mikrokremnezemnyh ferrosilicon production of waste.
A method of producing refractory bezobzhigovyh comprising grinding a lump-silicate refractory aggregate, mixing them at a temperature of 80-90 o C, mixing the same mass of water temperature molding at 40 MPa, followed by drying at 250-300 o C for 1 -2 hours. (AS N 1701693, C 04 B 28/24, C 04 B 40/00, BI N 48, 6/21/91).
The process is complicated to implement, as it requires to maintain the exact temperature of 80-90 o C during mixing and mixing with the mass before forming, and requires high compression pressures.
In the case of stopping the process and reduce the temperature of the molding composition is below 80 o C it hardens prematurely and become unfit for molding.
The closest solution chosen as the prototype, a method of manufacturing construction products bezobzhigovyh silicate filler and lumps comprising co-grinding a lump silicate filler part, mixing the resulting mass with the rest of the filler, mixing with water, shaping and drying the product at 110-120 o C, while the mixture is subjected to the processing of the composition by weight. %: Silicate lump 1-3; Sand 97-99; co-milling is subjected to 3 0-50 wt.% of sand, are forming pressure 10-20 MPa and is carried out before drying steaming them at a temperature of 80-90 o C and 90-100% humidity for 1.5 hours.
After drying the surface glazing products are subjected by the impact of low-temperature plasma (T = 3000-10000 o C). (Pat. Russian Federation N 2018498, C 04 B 28/26, 40/00, 42/02, BI N 16, 30.09.99).
In a known method of producing bezobzhigovyh products based on sand and solid sodium silicate (silicate lumps - semifinished waterglass) under the influence of temperature and humidity silicate lump becomes soluble soda glass, chemically react with the sand to form simple and complex colloidal compounds particularly the silica gel, which under the influence of factors peptizing cemented sand grains, forming a solid structure material.
The disadvantage of this method is its complexity, and multistage high energy because of the necessity of molded articles and steaming of the glazing using low-temperature plasma.
The problem to be solved by the claimed invention is to simplify the known method, reducing its energy consumption and increase in raw material base by using broken glass battle and mikrokremnezemnyh ferrosilicon production waste.
The problem is solved because in the claimed process comprising mixing an alkali metal silicate and filler, the mixing water, molding and drying, as an alkali metal silicate using liquid sodium glass as a filler - milled bout glass or jointly ground mixture of glass breakage sand and / or clay, whereby said filler is mixed with the liquid sodium glass, into the mixture is further added mikrokremnezemnye ferrosilicon production waste, which is performed after mixing with water in the following ratio, wt. h: glass bout 10 - 100;. sand and 90; clay to 50; sodium liquid glass on the solid residue 2.5-10; mikrokremnezemnye waste production of ferrosilicon 2-6; water 5-10; molded articles are dried in air and then in an oven at 200-300 o C for 1-2 hours.
For the coloring of products, for example, in the preparation of tiles, the moldable mixture is thermally alyumokobaltovy pigment in an amount of 5-20 parts by weight.
To make the products obtained according to this method, a decorative appearance, increase their strength and water resistance momentarily subjected to annealing at 600-700 o C for 5-20 min.
The analysis of the prior art, including search by patent and scientific literature containing information about analogues of the proposed technical solutions, revealed that the technical solutions are not found by the applicant, characterized by features identical to all the essential features of the claimed invention.
With respect to the prior art, the closest analogue, the claimed technical solution has a combination of essential distinctive features set forth in the claims.
In the claimed technical solution the authors were able to simplify the process for producing bezobzhigovyh building products, reduce its energy consumption by the use of a ready liquid sodium glass as alkali metal silicate, it possible to eliminate the step of steaming finished products, and by eliminating the processing of products of low-temperature plasma, replacing it by briefly firing of finished products at a temperature of 600 - 700 o C.
In addition, the claimed technical solution has a broader raw material base: as a filler used battle of broken glass and mikrokremnezemnye waste production of ferrosilicon, it also solves the problem of disposing of these products.
For the claimed technical solution is very important the order of addition of the components and their quantitative ratios.
Consequently, the claimed technical solution meets the requirement of "novelty" under applicable law.
The proposed set of essential features in a set of attributes of the prior art to achieve the same result can not be found.
On this basis it was concluded that the proposed technical solution corresponds to the criteria "inventive step".
When preparing samples using liquid sodium glass GOST 13078 - 81 mikrokremnezemnye waste production of ferrosilicon TU 14-5-157-87 and blue pigment alyumokobaltovy RU N 2090583.
The inventive method of manufacturing construction products bezobzhigovyh carried out as follows: fight broken glass or a mixture of it with pitch and / or clay ground in a ball mill, prepared with a liquid filler is mixed in the mixer sodium glass. Stirring was carried out until a homogeneous mass. Then added to the mixer mikrokremnezemnye ferrosilicon production waste, water, and then, if necessary producing decorative tiles alyumokobaltovy blue pigment was added and the mixture was stirred for 5-10 min. The resulting composite is shaped - products pressed under a pressure of 10-20 MPa, whereupon raspressovyvayut on pallets, is placed in the stack, and dried in air for about 24 hours, then the product is fed into the chamber, the temperature was raised in them to 200-300 o C and products subjected to heat treatment for 1-2 hours.
Finished product as a pigment and can be subjected without glazing the heat treatment at a temperature of 600-700 o C for 5-20 min.
Examples of specific performance of the prototype and the claimed method are given in the table.
Table 1-9 Examples characterize the product obtained according to the inventive method, without introducing the moldable mixture of the pigment and glazing. Thus it is possible to obtain a sufficiently strong brick.
Example 10 describes a product that does not contain the pigment, but subjected to glazing. This product has high strength and water resistance. Thus, it is possible to produce a facing brick.
Examples 11-16 describe the product obtained according to the inventive method using a pigment and glazing at 600-700 o C for 5-20 min. Thus, it is possible to obtain the facing tiles.
Moreover, during glazing in the furnace at temperatures below 600 o C and sintering time of less than 5 minutes to obtain high-quality products with a decorative coating fails, since the material does not have time enough to warm up and raft. An increase in temperature above 700 o C and the firing time greater than 20 minutes is impractical for economic reasons.
Upon dilution battlefield broken glass sand in an amount more than 90 parts by weight. and dilution battlefield of broken glass with clay in an amount greater than 50 parts by weight. a decrease in the strength of manufactured products.
It reduces the strength of products introducing the moldable mixture at least 2 parts by weight. mikrokremnezemnyh ferrosilicon production of waste. The increase of waste production of ferrosilicon mikrokremnezemnyh above 6 parts economically unprofitable because of the low bulk density of the waste. Application mikrokremnezemnyh waste production of ferrosilicon higher than 6 wt. h. increase their transportation costs, which affects the cost of parts produced.
The amount of water introduced into the moldable mixture should be at least 5 wt. h., since its content is not less a thin film of adhesive and durable. If water is more than 10 parts by weight., Adhesion is decreased, molding difficult. Ultimately, and increase and decrease in the amount of water with respect to the stated limits leads to a reduction of the strength characteristics of the resulting products.
With respect to the prototype proposed method is more simple, less energy-consuming, allows to utilize the battle of broken glass and waste mikrokremnezemnye ferrosilicon production.
CLAIM
- A method of manufacturing bezobzhigovyh building products, comprising mixing an alkali metal silicate and filler, the mixing water, molding and drying, characterized in that the alkali metal silicate used liquid sodium glass as a filler, pulverized bout glass or jointly ground mixture of glass breakage with sand and / or clay, whereby said filler is mixed with the liquid sodium glass, into the mixture is further added mikrokremnezemistye ferrosilicon production waste, which is performed after mixing with water in the following ratio, mass parts .:
Fight glass - 10 - 100
Sand - Up to 90
Clay - Up to 50
Liquid sodium glass for the solid residue - 2.5 - 10
Mikrokremnezemistye waste production of ferrosilicon - 2 -
Water - 5 - 10
wherein the molded articles are dried first in air then in an oven at 200 - 300 o C for 1 - 2 hours. - A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the additionally introduced during mixing alyumokobaltovy resistant blue pigment in an amount of 5 -. 20 parts by weight.
- A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the finished product is subjected to glazing by baking in an oven at 600 - 700 o C for 5 - 20 min.
print version
Publication date 31.10.2006gg
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