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INVENTION
Patent of the Russian Federation RU2225378
METHOD FOR MANUFACTURE OF MIXTURE FOR MANUFACTURE OF SILICATE BRICK
The name of the inventor: Korenkova SF; Chupshev VB; El'konyuk A.A.
The name of the patent owner: Chupshev Vladimir Borisovich
Address for correspondence: 443001, Samara, ul. Krasnoarmeyskaya, 17, Regional organization of VOIR
Date of commencement of the patent: 2000.08.15
The invention relates to the building materials industry, namely the production of silica brick. The method for preparing a mixture for sand-lime bricks includes the use of intumescent clay rocks as a siliceous component, swelling as a result of calcination of this component, grinding it to a fraction of 0.4-1.2 mm, impregnating with a lime slurry containing up to 10% by weight of the solid substance Ca ( OH) 2 , the subsequent mixing of the obtained material with hydrated lime, moistened to the molding moisture, according to which swelling and non-swelling clay rocks are used as the siliceous component, in which 3-4 wt% of the residual product of the oil filtration plants are additionally introduced before firing. The technical result is the possibility of using non-expanding clay rocks for making bricks, reducing the density of the brick and its thermal conductivity.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to the building materials industry, namely the production of silica brick. The technical result is a decrease in density (weight) and expansion of the raw material base of one of the constituent components of the mixture, namely clay rock and expanded clay sand on its basis.
A method for preparing a mixture for silicate articles [1] is known , which includes the simultaneous grinding of carbonate and silica components taken in the ratio 70-95 / 30-5, their calcination at a temperature of 1050-1250 ° C, repeated grinding of the firing product and silica components taken in the ratio 30 -70 / 70-30, and mixing with the filler.
The disadvantage of this method is that the raw material mixture is subjected to roasting, which is characterized by heterogeneity in qualitative composition, which makes it difficult to conduct the roasting at the optimum temperature, since Podshhtivka (mixing) by fizzy rocks of siliceous rocks leads either to "underburn" of the carbonate component or to "burnout" due to the increase or decrease in the glass-forming in the phase composition due to siliceous rocks, as well as due to fines or moldiness.
It is known that "nedozhog" reduces the output of hydrated lime, and "overheating" is dangerous in that free calcium oxide is formed, which is very slowly hydrated, which in both cases leads to a decrease in the strength of the product and an increase in its density (weight) . Moreover, the mixing of the firing product with the unfired silica component and aggregate causes not only a decrease in strength and an increase in density, but also increases the thermal conductivity of articles with a decrease in their water resistance, because in the unburned state the amorphous component (namely, opal) is characterized by increased water resistance, Interaction with lime in the autoclave, in addition to calcium hydrosilicate (Ca · Si · O 2 · n · H 2 O), silicon (Si) OH (OH) 4 hydroxide is formed which, precipitating, envelops unreacted opal particles and thereby prevents their interaction with lime, Which reduces the quality of products for strength, thermal conductivity and density.
The method of [2] preparing the mixture for silicate articles, which includes grinding of carbonate and siliceous components, their separate firing, re-grinding and mixing, is the closest in technical essence to the proposed method , with clay intumescent rocks being used as a siliceous component, and expanded as a result of firing The siliceous component is milled to a fraction of 0.4-1.2 mm, impregnated to a saturation with a lime slurry containing Ca (OH 2 ) solid to 10% by weight and mixed with slaked lime, moistened to molding moisture.
The disadvantage of this method is that clay intumescent rocks are used as one of the components. However, not all intumescent rocks can be used to produce lightweight up to 400 kg / m 3 of expanded clay sand. To rocks from which such sand can turn out, only low-melting clays with a plasticity number above 40 are used. The use of sand with a bulk density of more than 400 kg / m 3 does not improve the quality of silicate brick, namely, its density and heat conductivity. In addition, the volume of low-melting clays is small, which limits the scope of use of this method.
The object of the invention is to reduce the density and expand the use of one of the components of the mixture, namely the clay rock.
The aim is achieved in that in the method of preparing the mixture for silicate brick, swelling, clay rocks are used as a siliceous component, as a result of roasting, this component is milled to a fraction of 0.4-1.2 mm, impregnated with a lime slurry containing up to 10 By weight of the solid substance Ca (OH) 2 , after which the obtained material is mixed with slaked lime, moistened to the molding moisture. The difference between the present invention and the prototype is that as a siliceous component, intumescent and non-expandable clay rocks are used, in which 3-4% by weight of the residual product of the oil filtration plants (OPFP) are additionally introduced prior to firing. The content of mechanical impurities and organic substances in the OPNF - 63.0-72.0% by weight when introduced into any clay determines its intumescence. For low-melting clays, it is possible to reduce their bulk density. The content of resins in PPNFU up to 5.3% by weight, asphaltenes up to 5.3% by weight, paraffins up to 9.0% by weight, and of heavy oils up to 80.4% by weight improves the chemical composition of clay raw materials, reducing the bulk density Expanded clay. In addition, the composition of OPNF ensures the burning of clay at lower temperatures, which leads to energy savings.
The introduction of more than 4.0% in clay of OPNF results in an increase in the swelling temperature and bulk density of the calcined material due to the reduction of the clay component and an increase in the proportion of mechanical impurities of inorganic origin.
The introduction of less than 3.0% in clay of OPNF and increases the swelling temperature (gas, fuel oil, etc.) and the bulk density of the calcined material and makes the addition process technically difficult.
Example. An easy-melting clayey rock of the Smyshlyaevskoye deposit with a plasticity number of more than 45 and a non-intumescent clayey rock of the Vetlianskoe field with a plasticity number of less than 15 at the factory conditions, Lightweight expanded clay was crushed to a fineness of 15 mm, mixed thoroughly with an OPNF additive in an amount of 3.0-4.0 % By weight were fired in an oven at a temperature of 1100 ° C with a preliminary heat treatment at a temperature of 600 ° C for 20 minutes in a drying drum. The calcined rock (expanded clay) was crushed to a fraction of 0.1-2.0 mm. The resulting claydite porous sand was impregnated with a lime slurry containing a Ca (OH) 2 solid of 10%. The material obtained at the Samara silicate brick plant was mixed with slaked lime, moistened to molding moisture. The bricks were steamed in an autoclave at a pressure of 10 atm, at a temperature of 178 ° C for 12 hours.
The composition of mixtures and the properties of products based on them, in comparison with the analogous one and according to the prototype [2], are presented in the table.
From the data given, it follows that the proposed method of preparing a mixture for silicate brick, in comparison with the prototype, allows the use of non-swelling clay rocks, makes it possible to reduce the density of bricks by 25-30%, while following its density, its thermal conductivity decreases.
INFORMATION SOURCES
1. A.S. USSR № 408, 1977.
2. Patent RU 2142440 C1, 1999.
CLAIM
A method of preparing a mixture for silicate brick comprising using intumescent clay rocks as a siliceous component, blowing as a result of calcination of said component, grinding it to a fraction of 0.4-1.2 mm, impregnating with a lime slurry containing up to 10% by weight of a solid, Ca (OH) 2 , the subsequent mixing of the obtained material with hydrated lime moistened to the molding humidity, characterized in that as a siliceous component, intumescent and non-expandable clay rocks are used in which 3-4% by weight of the residual product of the oil filtration plants .
print version
Date of publication on December 21, 2006
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