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INVENTION
Russian Federation Patent RU2225925

COATING

COATING

Name of the inventor: Zelmanovich James I.; Mogilev, Vladimir Davidovich; Herzen Vladimir Fedorovich
The name of the patentee: Zelmanovich James I.; Mogilev, Vladimir Davidovich; Herzen Vladimir Fedorovich
Address for correspondence: 117421, Moscow, Leninsky Prospect, 99, kv.226, pat.pov.Yu.I.Kopyrinu, Identification No 37
Starting date of the patent: 2001.08.28

The invention relates to the field of construction, in particular for roofs with a concrete base. Technical result of the invention is to improve the strength of the coating compound. The coating includes a base attached to the waterproofing layer consisting of sealingly interconnected webs on the lower surface of each of which are applied to form the strip with the surface of the base system with an atmosphere of steam-connected channels. All facing the bottom surface of each fabric covered with a layer of material with the possibility of adhesion to the base material, a strip formed protruding therefrom sprinkling coarse particles of a material of the release in relation to the base material forming the system connected to it with an atmosphere of steam-channels. Bands spreading interconnected horizontal stripes.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to the field of construction, especially for the creation of roofs with a concrete base, from which is continuously released water vapor, but also for other buildings with a high content of steam and moisture in the air, such as saunas, various underground structures such as tunnels, etc. .d.

It is known that the phenomenon of separation of water vapor from the air due to the presence of moisture in the air and the temperature difference. By lowering the temperature or the air in contact with the cooled walls or other building structures from air condensation is released. Some of building materials characterized by continuous release of moisture from within the entire period of operation. For example, concrete is a continuous release of water vapor during the entire period of operation. Because traditional roof includes hydro, steam and heat insulation, the moisture released under it, without being able to pass through such a roof, accumulates in it. The most noticeable characteristic is the repair of the old roof. This is often not possible to install the new cover on the "old" surface, as the old roofing carpet and insulating layer are wet or damp. In this case, that a new roof is to be effective, you need to mount it to remove the old insulation layer, change the insulation, re-do the cement-sand screed, which of course requires a significant investment of time, money and effort.

To solve the problem, we propose a variety of solutions, consisting of the creation of the so-called "breathing" roofs. These roofs are constructed as in the construction of new roofs, and for the repair of old roofs. The essence of these solutions is that the concrete screed (when creating a new roof) or over damp or even wet the roof membrane and thermal insulation layers (when repairing old roofs) form a waterproofing layer paroprovodyaschimi channels from a concrete screed or saturated with water elements of the roof, through which the removal of moisture released into the atmosphere.

One of these solutions consists in the fact that the corresponding base (concrete floor, roof etc. carpet -., See above) is laid perforated lining, which is a oxidized bitumen roll material mikroventilyatsionnogo performs the function layer, and this function is provided by the presence of holes and antiadhesive polyester film on the bottom of [1]. Lined rolled waterproofing roll surface material, the outer layer is directly before laying podplavlyayut. The molten outer layer of rolled waterproofing material surface penetrates through the through holes of the pad. As a result of going through these holes attaching waterproof roll material to the substrate surface (concrete screed, old carpet, etc.). The very simple lining keeps rolling out a roll without the use of additional fusing and mastics. A part of the lining comes unglued free circulation of moist vapor which escapes through the railings or additional ventilation outlets (wind vane). The disadvantages of this solution are the considerable time and labor to mount pads, and a relatively small area of ​​the compound through holes in the backing roll surface waterproofing material with a base, which increases the risk of detachment of the roof, for example, a hurricane or a strong wind gusts. Furthermore, due to the small thickness of the gasket and significant weight placed thereon insulation over time and may even seal gasket adhesion, leading to the reduction or even paroudaleniya its cessation.

Known coating comprising a base attached to the at least one waterproofing layer consisting of sealingly interconnected webs on the lower surface of each of which are applied to form the strip with a surface of the base system with an atmosphere of steam-connected channel [2]. To create a system of steam-channels of the entire lower surface of the web material (or in other words the entire surface facing the substrate) is made such that it can not be pasted (or connect, for example, by submelting) to the base material. In order to provide all of the compound to the base web material is further attached thereon (applied) of the strip of rubber bitumen. As a result, the rolled material is attached to the base only those stripes. To do this, heat the bottom base of the web material before laying, oplaviv strip and roll it on the ground. At the same time between the strips creates sufficient clearance for free circulation of humid vapors that come out through the railings and additional ventilation outlets (wind vane). Free circulation of moist air and vented to atmosphere allows the dry insulation and / or "old" roofing layers by creating equal air pressures within the roof and outdoors, which prevents bubbles or gaps in the new roofing.

The coating as defined in reference [2], adopted as the closest analogue (prototype) of the claimed invention, since they are closest to it on a set of common essential features and the achieved result.

The disadvantage of the prototype is the difficulty and complexity of manufacturing the rolled waterproofing material strips on the lower side (this is even used for extrusion roll roofing material). Furthermore, the compound to the base web material by means of connection strips is characterized by low area that stores threat coating separation in the wind considerable force.

A significant drawback of the prior art is the gradual reduction paroudaleniya and even its termination. This is due to the operating conditions of the roof that heats up in the summer to very high temperatures, for example in Moscow to 95 ° C. Under these conditions, combined with significant weight upstream insulation layers is a gradual "flattening" paropropuskayuschaya layer.

The invention aims to simplify the manufacture of the coating, enhancing the strength of its connection with the base and an increase in service life.

This object is achieved in that the coating comprising attached to the base of the waterproofing layer consisting of sealingly interconnected webs on the lower surface of each of which is coated strip to form a surface of the base system connected with the atmosphere of steam-channels according to the invention, all facing the base surface of each fabric covered with a layer of material with the possibility of adhesion to the base material, a strip formed protruding therefrom sprinkling coarse particles of a material of the release in relation to the base material forming the system connected to it with an atmosphere of steam-channels.

This common set of essential features is the essence of the claimed device. It is necessary and sufficient in all cases of its implementation.

Specific designs same individual elements, their joints with each other and other elements of the coating may vary depending, for example, on the operating conditions, the type of building structure on which the coating is being built, the presence of the necessary building materials and appliances, etc.

At the same time, we believe it is necessary to distinguish the following development and / or clarify a common set of essential features of the device, related to the particular cases of implementation or use.

One significant refinement is that the term with the possibility of trapping material is meant a material which could be attached to the base material under certain conditions. It is preferred that the layer of material with the possibility of adhesion to the base material would be a layer of fusing material with the ability, that is, a material which as a result submelting (e.g., gas burner) softened and joined to the base.

It is desirable, and that each would contain a fabric reinforcement base and the layer with the adhesion would be formed at both ends and represented to a bituminous composition.

The bituminous composition may have a different composition. For example, the polymer modifier may be included in its composition. It can be composed, in particular, atactic polypropylene, styrene butadiene thermoplastic elastomer, etc.

Various designs can have reinforcing base. For example, it may be a glass fiber. It may contain a web of polymeric fibers, etc.

Sprinkling coarse particle sizes, spacing, and size of the pieces and particles protruding from the layer of material with the possibility of adhesion to the base material are adjusted so as to form with the base system with an atmosphere of steam-connected channels. Thus different size combinations are possible. For example, preferably, the coarse particles have a size spreading to about 1.25 mm, and the size of portions protruding from the layer of material with the possibility of adhesion to the base material, amounted to about 0.65 mm.

Speaking of sprinkling coarse material to be noted that in different minerals can be used as it. For example, as the material of coarse-spreading can be applied carbonate rocks, in particular marble, aluminum silicate rocks, in particular granite or galya asbestos, silicas, particularly silica sand, etc.

The shape of each blade and strips thereon may be different. However, the most expedient implementation of each individual leaf coverage in terms of rectangular shape with Coarse-grained stripes on it, the web extending longitudinally and having approximately the same width. It is desirable that the strips each sprinkling coarse fabric would be interconnected.

For the formation of the waterproofing layer cloth cover can be interconnected in various ways. For example, the webs may be interconnected overlapping, the overlapping band portions for sprinkling coarse adjacent webs must coincide at least partially.

The outer side of the cover may have various constructive solutions. For example, additional insulating layers can be formed on the opposite side of the base of each blade.

It is desirable and that on the opposite side of the base web material waterproofing additional insulating layers have been formed.

In particular, if each web comprises a reinforcing base with a possibility of trapping layer formed on both sides thereof and is a bituminous composition, it is advisable to the opposite bottom surface of each blade dustlike mineral dressing would be applied.

In conclusion of this section describe the applicant deems it necessary to once again highlight some of the advantages of the claimed invention, which follow directly from the foregoing description.

As previously noted, the purpose of the present invention is that a cheap building materials to create strong "breathable" coating, characterized by simplicity and ease of manufacturing webs technologies of which it is composed, simplicity and ease of construction the coating of these webs directly on the roof, the convenience and Raised security coating operation and maintenance.

An important advantage of the invention is the fact that it is relatively simple and can easily be implemented on the process equipment, is widely used at present in the domestic industry using cheap building materials and cost considerably less foreign and domestic counterparts.

These and other advantages of the invention can be seen in more detail below after referring to the description and drawings herein.

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

COATING

1 is a schematic structural diagram of the claimed coating axonometry.

2 shows a detail view A in Figure 1.

3 shows a construction of a separate coating to the web (in free state), side view.

4, the two overlapped webs stacked shows a plan view from below.

Figure 5 shows a single-layered roofing, implementing the claimed invention, axonometry.

Coating 1 comprises a base 2 fixed to such a concrete screed, waterproofing layer 3 consisting of a hermetically interconnected webs 4 on the lower surface of each of which are deposited to form a strip 5 with the surface of the base 2 system with an atmosphere of steam-connected channels 6. This all facing the base 2 the surface of each blade 4 is covered with a layer 7 of material with the possibility of adhesion to the base material 2 and the strip 5 are formed protruding therefrom particles 8 coarse dressing of the material of the release in relation to the base material 2 (that is, from the material, does not possess property adhere to the substrate), forming a system connected to it with the atmosphere of steam-channels 6. the term "adhesion" as used herein refers to the accession web 4 to the base 2 as a result of various methods, for example, by attaching or by fusing, etc. .

This is the general principle of the claimed design of the coating is necessary and sufficient for any embodiment of the invention.

However, the particular fabric 4 covering structure 1 can be varied.

For example, its layer 7 with the possibility of adhesion to the base material 2 can be formed only from the base 2 for joining the base 2 and of the invention.

However, in the preferred practice of the invention the design illustrated in Figures 2 and 3, according to which each blade 4 comprises a reinforcing base 9, for example glass fiber or web of polymeric fibers, and a layer 7 of a material with the possibility of adhesion to the base material 2 is formed with reinforcing bases either side 9 and a bituminous composition is different composition. In particular, the polymer modifier may be included in the bitumen composition, such as atactic polypropylene, butadiene-styrene thermoplastic elastomers, etc.

In any embodiment of the invention the size of individual particles 8 Coarse-grained, the distance between them, and the size of the particles protruding from the layer of material with the possibility of adhesion to the base material 2 should be chosen so as to form with the base 2 system connected with the atmosphere of steam-channels 6. for example, for this sprinkling coarse particles 8 have an average size of about 1.25 mm, and the size of their portions protruding outside of the material layer 7 with the possibility of adhesion to the base material 2 should be approximately 0.65 mm. In carbonate rocks, such as marble, aluminum silicate rocks can be used as a coarse material spreading such galya asbestos, granite, silicas such as silica sand, etc.

Each blade 4 in the plane may have various shapes. However, for the construction of the coating and most preferably 1 to 4, each blade could be made in terms of a rectangular shape, and the strips 5 held sprinkling coarse longitudinally to it and would have approximately the same width. This feature of the invention, separately illustrated in Figure 4, which shows the bottom plan view of two webs made rectangular. One web is indicated by reference numeral 10 and the other blade numeral 11. Each cloth strip 5 extend longitudinally sprinkling coarse canvas and each have approximately the same width. This form of each fabric and strips most convenient mounting cover 1. To ensure reliable removal of steam strip 5 arranged longitudinally to the longest side of each rectangular canvases, are further connected by transverse strips 12. As a result, after the accession of the web to the base 2 system of steam-generated web channel . For the formation of large area coatings need to interconnect the individual webs to form a unified system of steam-channels. The most expedient thus shown in Figure 4 solution, wherein the webs are interconnected with an overlap, with the edge 13 of web 11 at edge 14 was 10. The web is very important to provide steam discharge pipe to the areas of overlap of adjacent strips sprinkling coarse fabrics coincided would at least partially. This is depicted in Figure 4. As a result, overlapping bands 5 Coarse-grained stacked overlapping webs 10 and 11 form a single system connected with the atmosphere of steam-channels for these two paintings, which increases the efficiency and reliability of the steam discharge pipe.

It should be noted that on the opposite side of the base of each blade 4 additional insulating layers may be formed. This modification is shown in Figure 5. According to this example on the base 2, such as concrete screed attached waterproofing layer 3, consisting of webs 4, each of which is a web material, consisting of a reinforced layer 7 (this is described in detail above the layer of material with the possibility of adhesion to the base material 2 and coarse-grained strips 5 on it), a layer of rubber 15 weight polyester support layer 16, another layer 17 of rubber mass and scaly layer 18 spreading.

After a description of the claimed device and some modifications in the static applicant deems it necessary to reflect the options for making the webs 4.

There may be more. For example, in reinforcing the base (in particular, a fiberglass base) on both sides of the layers of bitumen or bitumen-polymer binder can be applied. Thus during binding deposition in its softened layer on one side of the reinforcing substrates may be partially vtopleny sprinkling coarse particles of a material of the release material with respect to the next base. These particles, after cooling reliably zaankerivayutsya in the binder layer. On the upper side of the web 4 (opposite to the base) may be applied to mineral dressing dustlike or more layers, in particular, as shown in Figure 5. However, another application reception bands coarse particles from spreading the material with respect to the release base material. It consists in that the lower layer of binder (for connecting the base) is applied and fastened longitudinal strips of a coarse-grained material, the release in relation to the base material. When laying method submelting these bands are nepriklennymi to the ground. The data strips alternate with strips of thin burnt protected polymeric film, are glued to the base during installation.

Regardless of the methods of making the webs 4 to create a coating of them used the following method. Since the base 2 facing the surface of each leaf 4 is covered with asphalt or bitumen-polymer binder, then, for his laying of the surface layer podplavlyayut burner flame or typewriters with IR radiators (infrared emitters). After laying the web 4 with submelting surface on the concrete floor cloth 4 between the bands 5 a few bends and adheres to the concrete of the concrete screed. Part webs 4, corresponding to the bands 5 will not adhere to concrete as strips 5 are formed by webs protruding from sprinkling coarse particles of a material of the release in relation to the concrete (granite, marble, asbestos galya, silica sand, etc.). These coarse particles flouring abut the concrete surface to form a gap between the blade and the concrete surface 4. As a result, five bands in place of steam-formed channels 6 of steam-channels 6 each blade 4 are connected together and to the adjacent blades of steam-channels 4 (see FIG. 4). The result is a system connected to an atmosphere of steam-channels through which there is a removal of the liberated base (eg concrete ties) of moisture in the atmosphere. In this case between the webs 4 waterproofing covering 3 and the concrete tie creates a plurality of channels (or gaps) of sufficient size for the free circulation of humid vapors, that go out through the parapets and additional vent outlets (vane) (not shown in the Figures, since their construction is well known and does not It affects the essence of the invention). Free circulation of moist air and vented to atmosphere allows the dry insulation and / or "old" roofing layers by creating equal air pressures within the roof and outdoors, which prevents bubbles or gaps in the new roofing.

However, the applicant considers it necessary to draw attention to one feature of the claimed invention. In order to form a single common network of steam-channel 6 of webs 4 requires that each leaf 4 6 out of steam-channels on the end of the web. In this case, after the connection between the webs are of steam-overlapping ends of the channels 6 are open to the atmosphere with the possibility of ingress of external water (rain, snow, fog, etc.). This is clearly seen in Figure 1, where the ends of the channels 19 of steam-6 after the construction of the coating were exposed to atmospheric moisture ingress. To prevent this, various design techniques can be used. One of them is the bonding at the joint of adjacent webs 4, flexible waterproofing strip 20, securely closing the ends of the channels 19 of steam-6 paintings 4, and sealing joints and adjacent blades 4 each other (to prevent overloading on 1 flexible waterproofing strip 20 are shown at aid of dashed lines).

The claimed invention can be effectively used for

roofing new device, such as a moist or moistened during operation basis;

repair of roofs, for example, moist heat insulation and / or waterproofing;

repair roofs and device under adverse weather conditions (rain, snow, etc.);

devices roofs of buildings with high clouds of steam (covered car parks, factory premises, laundry, cleaning, etc.).

As a result, use of the invention prevents the formation of blisters, bubbles, cracks, peeling carpet and other defects of roofs since evaporated from insulation, screed and other elements of the roof on the remaining moisture unglued strips (of steam-channel) output for the perimeter of the roof. Thus the invention is characterized in that the manufacture of individual webs considerably simplified and made cheaper accelerated compared with the prototype. These paintings can be produced on standard equipment, distributed on the construction industry plants. Placement of the material, as mentioned, is produced in the usual way - submelting burner flame typewriters or IR emitters. In addition, significantly increased the bond strength with the base coat structures and increased effective working life "breathable" roof (over a long time does not occur clogging of steam-channels created during the construction of the coating).

In conclusion, the applicant considers it necessary to describe the main cause of physical-mechanical and operational characteristics of the two versions of the claimed invention:

I modification

Type of Glass foundations

Type of binder Bitumen

Minimum temperature stacking 0 ° C

Material thickness 3.8-4.5 mm

Binder weight (at least) 3200 kg / m 2

Breaking strength in tension not less than 833 N (85 kgf)

binder embrittlement temperature 15 ° C

Heat resistance + 70 ° C

The durability of the roof membrane over 10 years

Area web roll 7.5 m 2; 10.0 m 2

II modification

Type of Glass foundations

binder Type bitumen-polymer

Minimum temperature stacking -15 ° C

Material thickness 3.8-4.5 mm

Binder weight (at least) 3200 + 200 kg / m 2

Breaking strength in tension not less than 833 N (85 kgf)

binder brittleness temperature -25 ° C

Heat resistance + 75 ° C

The durability of the roof membrane over 15 years

Area web roll 7.5 m 2; 10.0 m 2

The versatility of the present invention is obvious. It can be used both for the installation and repair of roofs, insulating coatings and various other surface and underground structures and.

In addition to the above embodiment, many other possible modifications. All of them are covered by the above applicant further claims.

SOURCES OF iNFORMATION

1. SIPLAST company's prospectus. Waterproofing system. PARIS. FRANS. 1999, p. 103-104.

2. Exposé Icopal Group. Single-layer solution for the reconstruction of the roof, or two-layer. Finland, February 1995 (prototype).

CLAIM

1. The coating includes attached to the base waterproofing layer consisting of sealingly interconnected webs on the lower surface of each of which are deposited longitudinal bands to form a surface of the base connected with an atmosphere of steam-channels, and all facing the bottom surface of each fabric covered with a layer of material with the possibility of adhesion to the base material and longitudinal stripes are formed protruding from it particles of coarse dressing of the material of the release in relation to the base material, forming with it a system connected to the atmosphere of steam-channels, characterized in that the strip coarse spreading each web are interconnected by transverse strips and adjacent webs are interconnected with an overlap, wherein the overlapping band portions for sprinkling coarse adjacent bands coincide, at least partially.

2. Coating according to claim 1, characterized in that the webs are made of rectangular plan form.

3. The coating of claim 1, characterized in that the base on the opposite side of each web are formed by additional insulating layers.

4. The coating of claim 1 or 2, characterized in that each web comprises a reinforcing base layer and with the possibility of adhesion to the base material is formed on both sides thereof and is a bituminous composition.

5. Covering according to claim 4, characterized in that in the bitumen composition includes a polymer modifier.

6. Covering according to claim 4, characterized in that the composition of the bitumen composition includes isotactic polypropylene.

7. Covering according to claim 4, characterized in that the bituminous composition of the thermoplastic elastomers include butadiene.

8. The coating of claim 4, wherein the reinforcing base is a glass fiber.

9. The coating of claim 4, wherein said reinforcing substrate comprises a web of polymeric fibers.

10. Covering according to claim 1, characterized in that the coarse particles have a size spreading about 1.25 mm, and the size of portions protruding from the layer of material with the possibility of adhesion to the base material is approximately 0.65 mm.

11. The coating of claim 1, characterized in that as the material used sprinkling coarse carbonate rocks.

12. The coating of claim 11, characterized in that as the material used sprinkling coarse marble.

13. The coating of claim 1, characterized in that as the material used aluminosilicate sprinkling coarse rock.

14. Covering according to claim 13, characterized in that as the material used Coarse-grained asbestos Galya.

15. The coating of claim 13, characterized in that as the material used sprinkling coarse granite.

16. The coating of claim 1, characterized in that as the material used sprinkling coarse silica.

17. The coating of claim 11, characterized in that as the material used sprinkling coarse silica sand.

print version
Publication date 21.01.2007gg