| section Home
Production, Amateur Radio amateur Model aircraft, rocket- Useful, entertaining |
Stealth master
Electronics Physics Technologies invention |
space Mystery
Earth Mysteries Secrets of the Ocean Stealth section Map |
  |
| Use of material is permitted for reference (for websites - hyperlinks) | |||
Navigation: => |
Home / Products Patents / In the section of the catalog / back / |
|
INVENTION
Russian Federation Patent RU2290386
METHOD FOR PRODUCING A wear-resistant decorative coatings
Name of the inventor: Manin Yurii A. (RU); Svetlakov Alexander (RU); Bujr Alexander Pavlovich (RU); Jan Olof Berg (SE); BERG Pierre Yang (SE); Sergey Zakharov
The name of the patentee: Limited Liability Company "Trading House" Quartz "(RU)
Address for correspondence: 107078, Moscow, p / 265, LLC "Grandpatent" pat.pov. A.Yu.Prozorovskomu
Starting date of the patent: 2004.04.28
The invention relates to a method of manufacturing a wear-resistant decorative coating having optimal performance and aesthetic properties. In the method of manufacturing a wear-resistant decorative coating, comprising administering to decorative solid transparent quartz filler by surface application and subsequent mechanical introduction into the freshly applied binder before its hardening or by pre-mixing of said filler with a binder to create a monolithic surface with binding astringent said filler, followed by partial removal of the binder to expose the particles of said filler in a binder using a mixed binder comprising at least one mineral binder and at least one polymeric binder, said quartz filler is used with a light transmission of at least 20%, coated on the surface of the decorative layer, and the partial removal of the binder produced in conjunction with the removal of the decorative layer to the exposed portions of the surface of particles of quartz aggregate. The technical result - obtaining coatings having enhanced abrasion resistance. The invention is developed in the dependent claims.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to the field of construction and building materials and intended mainly for making flooring, but also can be used for manufacturing building panels, tiles, decorative plasters, decorative furniture, landscaping decorative elements, products, small architectural and other forms.
A method for manufacturing a decorative coating comprising a binder and applying them to the binding decorative aggregate, which is used as a colored quartz (1).
The disadvantages of this method are the high cost, distension during operation, poor durability and wear resistance. Latex binders - are not the most durable. Filling colored quartz cover the full depth of the colorant increases consumption without increasing the decorative effect. In this case, the transparency of quartz is not defined. In the absence of the necessary transparency of quartz, depreciation of pigment on the face of the quartz destroy all decorative coatings.
A method for manufacturing a decorative coating, comprising applying a binder and bonding them transparent quartz filler to create a monolith. The method comprises preparing colored concrete from cement, quartz and transparent pigment, followed by crushing it to obtain a colored chips. Quartz is used arbitrary transparency just as solid and lasting filler and has imparted artificially set decorative properties. All its decorative function can be found only in the fact that through the particles, if they accidentally have sufficient transparency and thus act on the coating surface can be visible color painted cement matrix (2).
The disadvantages of this method are the complexity of the many stages of preparation of the quartz chips, the high cost due to staining the entire thickness of the concrete, unsatisfactory aesthetic characteristics. Consumption of expensive decorative compositions for coloring concrete increases the entire thickness of hundreds or even thousands of times as compared with surface staining quartz aggregate. Functionality regarding a variety of decorative effects are limited, since known method does not allow to create a multicolor image effects and, as in the case of a fluorescent effects, their cost is extremely high.
Also known a method for manufacturing a decorative coating, comprising applying a binder and quartz filler to create a monolithic wear surface. The method comprises applying to the surface of an unhardened concrete mixture consisting of dry cement and silica sand, introduction of concrete mix into the surface by grinding and smoothing of the surface to the opening after hardening of quartz sand material. To enhance the decorative effect to be applied mixture may contain pigments. However, quartz is used here as any transparency as a solid and durable filler. Silica sand has a decorative surface layer, and no requirement for its transparency (3).
The disadvantage of this method is the limited functionality in terms of variety of decorative effects since known method does not allow to create a multi-colored and mirror effects. Additionally, opaque quartz sand significantly reduce the visibility of colored cement and, consequently, the entire decorative cover.
Known and a method of manufacturing a wear-resistant decorative coating, comprising administering to decorative solid transparent quartz filler by surface application and subsequent mechanical introduction into the freshly applied binder before its hardening or by pre-mixing of said filler with a binder to create a monolithic surface with binding astringent said filler, followed by partial removal binder to expose the particles of said filler (4).
The disadvantages of this method are the high cost of the components used binders and decorative aggregate, the narrow range of use, inefficient use of decorative properties of aggregate, rapid wear (abrasion) obtained building structures. Quartz particles in the form of dust and sand, with their Mohs hardness equal to 6.5-7 brought by the surface on the shoe, wheels, wind etc., easily scratch and abrade the surface of glass having a Mohs hardness of 5 5.5. Immediately after the abrasion surface of glass beads and change their shape coating loses all reflective properties, limited functionality in terms of variety of decorative effects due to the low permeability of glass to ultraviolet radiation, which does not allow to create fluorescent decorative effects. Danger in relation to longevity and durability of the coating is a so-called silicate-alkaline reaction which occurs between the amorphous silicates (ie glass) and alkalis in the cement concrete. Application of the adhesive does not prevent the reaction, which can destroy the entire coating, particularly when operating in wet environment.
The object of the invention to provide an efficient method for manufacturing a wear-resistant decorative coating having optimal performance and aesthetic properties, and extending the arsenal manufacturing methods decorative wear surface.
The technical result providing solution of the problem consists in the fact that the mineral matrix is modified polymer cement, which allows to arrange the washcoat. This provides greater strength to the base coating adhesion, increased deformability and improved crack resistance of the coating. At the same time increasing the efficiency of the use of decorative and reinforcing properties of decorative aggregate, increased bond strength with astringent, simplifies and accelerates the process of applying and then curing, provides a dust-free surface is obtained in having high impact strength and Abrasion (close to abrasion monolithic quartz), resistance of the scratch at exclude the possibility of leakage of silicate-alkaline reaction (which does not come with crystalline quartz), an increase in the permeability of fillers to ultraviolet radiation, expanding the range of the starting materials with a minimum content of the most expensive components. The decorative layer silica particles aggregate during the period of operation necessarily visible through the quartz layer to which it is protected, i.e. effectiveness of coloring the surface of particles of quartz aggregate maximum, especially in the case of a fluorescent effects and are easily provided multicolor image effects. Aside from getting hard and wear-resistant surface, the advantage is the environmental friendliness of the coating, its safety for health and the absence of allergic properties.
The essence of the invention is that the method of manufacturing a wear-resistant decorative coating comprises administering to decorative solid transparent quartz filler by surface application and subsequent mechanical introduction into the freshly applied binder before its hardening or by pre-mixing of said filler with a binder to create a monolithic surface with binding astringent said filler, followed by partial removal of the binder to expose the particles of said aggregate, while as binder is used blended binder comprising at least one mineral binder and at least one polymeric binder, said quartz filler is used with a light transmission of at least 20%, coated with a decorative surface layer, the partial removal of the binder produced together with the removal of the decorative layer with exposed portions of the surface of silica particle filler.
Preferably, a silica filler with at least one of the particles coated on the surface of the decorative layer from the group of the pigment, a mirror, fluorescent, removal of the decorative layer together with the material produced naked silica particle filler is flush with the surface of the coating.
In the particular cases of the method of removing the decorative layer to produce material exposed portions of the surface of the silica particle filler protruding from the coating layer.
In particular cases of implementing the method introduced quartz filler, at least one of the group: quartz gravel, quartz sand.
Preferably, the silica filler is administered by topical application in an amount of at least 0.02 kg / m 2.
In particular cases, the removal of the method of producing an abrasive method.
In particular cases, the removal of the method of producing physico-chemical method from the group: etching, dissolution remover.
In particular cases of implementing the method using at least one mineral binder from the group of Portland cement, magnesia cement, alumina cement, silicate cement, phosphate cement and ligament.
In particular cases of use of the method, at least one polymeric binder from the group of epoxy binder, polyurethane binder, polyester binder, an acrylic binder.
In particular cases, the implementation of the method using a colored binder.
In particular cases of implementing the method to solidify the binder silica filler is introduced with an additional, at least one natural decorative filler.
In particular cases of implementing the method introduced quartz filler with a dry binder and filler with additional natural.
 |
 |
 |
 |
 | |
1 shows a section of a wear-resistant decorative coating to expose the decorative particles aggregate at 2 - incision after partial removal of the binder exposing the silica particles aggregate, protruding over the cover level at 3 - section through a single particle of silica coating unit of FIG .2, 4 - incision after partial removal of the binder material in conjunction with the naked silica particles aggregate level (flush) with the surface of the coating, on the 5 - section through a single particle of silica coating unit of Figure 4.
1-5 marked: Floor 1, 2 quartz particles aggregate - decorative filler. 1, a dotted line is allocated the deleted portion of the coating from the surface of the particle 1. Form 2 of the decorative filler can vary, generally irregular and asymmetric. Usually rolled particles are used for security purposes only in flooring, where they protrude above the surface level. However, to simplify the drawing particles 2 are shown in Figures 1-5 conventionally rounded.
A method of manufacturing a wear-resistant decorative coating is implemented as follows.
On the surface to be finish, the binder layer. After that, the introduction of decorative solid transparent quartz aggregate by surface application and subsequent mechanical introduction into the freshly applied binder before its solidification, or by pre-mixing of the filler with a binder to create a monolithic surface with a binder binding the specified aggregate. Later executed followed by partial removal of the binder to the aggregate exposure of the particles. The binder is used blended binder comprising at least one mineral binder and at least one polymeric binder. Said silica filler is used with light transmission not less than 20%, the surface coated with the decorative layer. Partial removal of the binder produced in conjunction with the removal of the decorative layer to the exposed portions of the surface of particles of quartz aggregate.
Preferably, a silica filler with at least one of the particles coated on the surface of the decorative layer from the group of the pigment, a mirror, fluorescent. Removal of the decorative layer is preferably produced together with the material of quartz aggregate particles exposed flush with the surface of the coating.
In the particular cases of the method of removing the decorative layer to produce material exposed portions of the surface of the silica particle filler protruding from the coating layer.
In particular cases of implementing the method introduced quartz filler, at least one of the group: quartz gravel, quartz sand.
Preferably, the silica filler is administered by topical application in an amount of at least 0.02 kg / m 2.
In particular cases, the removal of the method of producing an abrasive method.
In particular cases, the removal of the method of producing physico-chemical method from the group: etching, dissolution remover.
In particular cases of implementing the method using at least one mineral binder from the group of Portland cement, magnesia cement, alumina cement, silicate cement, phosphate cement and ligament.
In particular cases of use of the method, at least one polymeric binder from the group of epoxy binder, polyurethane binder, polyester binder, an acrylic binder.
In particular cases, the implementation of the method using a colored binder.
In particular cases of implementing the method to solidify the binder silica filler is introduced with an additional, at least one natural decorative filler.
In particular cases of implementing the method introduced quartz filler with a dry binder and filler with additional natural.
Removal of binders is performed after the formation of the surface coating monolithic 1. This produces a surface (i.e., the outer surface of the coating 1) partial removal of the binder particles 2 to expose the decorative filler. The partial removal of the binder (a depth, indicated in phantom along the surface of the coating 1) is made together with the upper part of the decorative layer 2 exposed quartz aggregate particles.
Removal of the upper portion of the particles of the decorative layer 2 may be effected together with the material particles 2 exposed quartz aggregate flush (level) with the surface coating 1. In other cases, removal of the upper part of the decorative surface layer can be carried out with an exposure unit quartz particles 2 projecting above the level of cover 1 .
The coating used in accordance with the purpose of the product -. Floor, wall panels, tiles, decorative plasters, decorative furniture, decorative elements of landscape design, products of small architectural forms, etc. The durability of the coating is determined by the strength of its monolithic surface, and the fact that pure quartz during operation (unlike glass) does not lose its transparency because it has a Mohs hardness of 7 and scratch resistant materials that are softer than it, including many metals and minerals. Quartz sand is almost scratch, having a hardness of 6.5-7.
example 1
By surface svezheulozhennogo mineral binder based on Portland cement with the addition of 25% epoxy binder polymer (immediately after laying and leveling) crumbles colored quartz filler (silica) with particles of 2-5 mm fraction 2 of 7 kg / m 2. Then silica filler is leveled and rubbed into the surface of the grater. After that, the surface is overwritten and smoothed by conventional methods. After coating one set of sufficient strength, typically 5-14 days, produced with partial removal of the binder an outer surface thereof by grinding (grinding process carried larger abrasive 0.15 mm). Depending on the requirements for the outer surface (surface roughness, gloss) of the coating can be carried out one polishing (equivalent: honing) of the surface (abrasive process using an abrasive grain size 0.03 mm), polishing (abrasive particle size greater than 12 microns) and a fine polishing ( particle size less than 12 micron grit). Usually after grinding is rough matte surface. After polishing the surface becomes soft (satin), gloss - 30-45 units. After polishing - 60-75 gloss units. And after the fine polishing - high gloss> 90 units (mirror image). In any case, the depth of the material facing the decorative layer silica particle aggregate visible through the translucent quartz filler particles 2. Thus, exposure of quartz is realized, resulting in being able to see inside the cover 1, the decorative layer 2 through the transparent particles of silica. In the case of surface staining colored quartz particles 2 in the coating will look shiny as colored inclusions, and their color does not change during operation, as a dye layer is protected by the cover 2 quartz particles. As a result of the material obtained is extremely durable flooring with extremely high wear resistance and ease of cleaning. In the case of a mirror coating layer, the coating gloss quartz substantially increases, creating the impression embedded in the surface of gemstones with high refractive index, and accordingly, the gloss, for example, diamond. In the case of a layer of fluorescent coatings, quartz particles 2 begin to glow under ultraviolet light, and in daylight the brightness is increased significantly. No less interesting decorative combination of these three kinds of substances. For example, a layer of a mixture of specular pigment substances and allows for simulation of different colored gemstones (ruby - red, emerald - Green and the like). A layer of a combination of pigment and fluorescent substances provides a bright, glowing fluorescent colors, just glowing in the dark at ultraviolet illumination.
example 2
Freshly applied on the surface of the mixed mineral binder based on aluminous cement with 15% of acrylic polymer binder (immediately after laying and leveling) crumbles colored quartz filler (silica) with particles of 2 mm fraction in an amount of 1.2 to 3 kg / m 2. Then quartz leveled and rubbed into the surface of the grater. After that, the surface is overwritten and smoothed by conventional methods. After coating one set of sufficient strength, typically 5-14 days, produced partial removal of the binder from the surface by polishing with a brush and an abrasive powder. As a result, a softer matrix is removed faster than the solid quartz and quartz particles are obtained by performing 2, a decorative layer which has been deleted (or may be removed) from the top, but is guaranteed remained in the coating layer. As a result, the color is visible through the transparent quartz. Speakers 2 quartz particles create a relief surface having a very high slip resistance. Surface 1 may contain pigment in a binder introduced. For example, the pigments in mineral binder, in particular, ocher, minium, chromium oxide may be added, etc.
example 3
Freshly applied on the surface of the mixed mineral binder based on magnesia cement with 10% of the polyurethane polymer binder (immediately after laying and leveling) crumbles colored quartz filler (silica) with particles of two fractions of 5-10 mm in an amount of 15 kg / m 2. Then quartz leveled and rubbed into the surface of the grater. After that, the surface is overwritten and smoothed by conventional methods. Then the composition is applied to the surface of retarding the hardening of the coating (citric or tartaric acid or their salts, solutions etc.). Once cured, the bulk of the coating after 5-10 hours after laying the upper (surface) of the binder coating 1, which was delayed hardening is removed by rinsing with water. It then remains only to remove by mechanical or chemical decorative layer on the protruding surfaces of two quartz particles.
example 4
Purified on a base and the surface mixture is applied to mineral binder - Portland cement with the addition of 5% polyether polymer binder, pigments (colorants binder) and water in an amount of 10 kg / m 2. The amount of water in the mixture is selected to provide a semi-liquid mixture. Immediately after application of the binder mixture until its solidification on the surface scatters colored quartz filler (silica) with particles of 2 mm fraction in an amount of 3.7 to 30 kg / m 2. In this example, quartz is used with a decorative layer, are not resistant to acids. Then quartz leveled and rubbed into the applied binder float. After that, the surface is overwritten and smoothed by conventional methods. After curing, the coating 1, usually 2-5 days after removal of the binder is produced by partial etching solution of hydrochloric acid. The etching is performed to expose the quartz aggregate and removing the decorative layer on the protruding filler particles 2. In this case, the coating may be applied not only to the fresh concrete, but also other existing non-deformable base, such as concrete, mortar, ceramic tiles, wood, etc. The result is a floor surface having a high coefficient of friction even in wet or icy form. Corrosion resistance of the material is particularly valuable in the case of frequent wetting floor, for example in the food industry. Very good indicator S d (given the thickness of the air gap) provides optimum vapor permeability, ie, excessive moisture can evaporate and the coating will not delaminate or swell. Thick surface coating 1 is resistant to the penetration of fats, oils and other contaminants and makes the coating preferred for commercial and industrial facilities, such as car parks, food processing, hospitals, restaurants and cafeterias, schools, service stations, loading and unloading zone , shopping centers, pedestrian walkways, warehouses, production halls, etc. Suitable for indoor and outdoor applications.
example 5
On the cleaned and prepared substrate surface is covered with a mixture of mineral-based binders - Portland cement with the addition of 15% of the polymeric epoxy binder, decorative aggregates and water. When this mixture of fillers in addition decorative colored quartz filler (silica) 2-5 mm fraction contains additional natural fine aggregates (marble, granite, etc.). The ratio of binder to the weight of the decorative aggregates is 1: 3. The mass of water equal to 50% by weight of binder. This mixture is applied to the surface of the base layer of 15 mm. After that, the surface is overwritten and smoothed by conventional methods. After coating one set of strength made it necessary surface treatment as described in Examples 1-4. In this case, the addition of natural aggregates decorative cover enables to enrich the color gamut, and applying decorative fillers in admixture with a binder allows more accurate to observe the ratio of binder to placeholder compared with Example 4, providing a more uniform coating.
example 6
After closure dehydration on the surface of a mineral binder based on magnesia cement with the addition of 15% polymeric acrylic binder (water isolate and back left in the concrete or evaporated), applied to the surface of dry hardener containing 10% (by weight) silica filler (quartz) with a decorative layer on its particles 2. Dry strengtheners typically consist of Portland cement and particulate fillers, and can also include additives such as pigments, modifiers, curing cement and the like, and serve to increase the hardness and durability of concrete floors. (The principle of reinforcers - on the surface of the water-cement ratio reduction due to the addition of cement, and the addition of solid fillers to increase its wear resistance). It is used, for example, a color hardener with high-quality, UV-resistant mineral pigments.
Hardener applied, erased and smoothed by the usual method. After dialing 1 coated sufficient strength (4-7 days) produced a partial removal of the binder from the surface by grinding, polishing and / or polishing, resulting in exposed quartz fine particles 2, giving the surface a kind of sparkling look.
example 7
The colored pigment of quartz filler (silica) in an amount of 30% by weight of the binder added in the preparation of a mixture by premixing with the mixed mineral binder based on Portland cement with the addition of 5% of a polymeric polyester binder and natural decorative fillers (for making decorative articles, such as table tops or other decorative products that mimic natural stone). After placing the mixture into a mold, it is compacted, leveled, erased and smoothed by conventional methods. After the concrete sets of sufficient strength, typically 5-14 days after partial removal of the binder is produced from the product surface by grinding and / or polishing and / or polishing to achieve a desired level of gloss. The resulting product is a hard surface resistant to scratches. Decorative quartz aggregate creates brilliant color highlights, reinforcing the imitation of polished natural stone.
example 8
On the prepared surface is applied a mixture based on mineral binders - Portland cement with 10% of the polyurethane polymer binder and decorative filler silica (quartz) layer thickness of not less than the maximum size of the particles 2. The weight ratio of the mixed binder (matrix) and decorative filler is 1: 1, 5. After curing the coating, and one set of them sufficient mechanical strength is produced with partial removal of the binder and a part of the surface colored quartz (as described in Example 1-7) to expose the last particles 2. The composition is capable of applying the coating on deformable substrates.
example 9
On the prepared surface is applied to a mixture of mineral (based on Portland cement) and polymer (polyacrylic aqueous dispersion form) of binder. Then the fresh layer of the binder is scattered decorative quartz filler (silica) in an amount of 200% by weight of binder. Thereafter, quartz and leveled surface is embedded in the binder, as described in Example 1. After curing the coating 1 partial removal of the binder from the surface can be made by dissolving or by any of the methods in Examples 1-8.
In this case, the modified polymer cement matrix, which allows to arrange the washcoat. This provides a high strength of adhesion with the base coat, increases the deformability and increased crack resistance of the coating.
example 10
On the prepared surface is applied premix based on mineral binders - Portland cement with the addition of 12% of the polyurethane polymer binder and decorative quartz aggregate (quartz). Ratio of the mixture of binder (matrix) and decorative filler is 1: 1.4. Once cured, the coating 1 and set them sufficient strength, made a mechanical stripper partial removal of the binder from the surface of the colored silica particles 2 to expose the latter.
The composition is capable of applying the coating on deformable substrates.
The coating obtained in Example 1-10, tested in accordance with GOST 13087 and has a friability of 0.2-0.4 g / cm 2.
Thus it created an effective method of making a wear-resistant decorative coating with optimal performance and aesthetic properties, but also expanded the arsenal of methods of manufacture of wear-resistant decorative coating.
INFORMATION SOURCES
1. RU 98102304, 1999.
2. DE 10146408, 2003.
3. RU 2144972, 1995.
4. WO 02/10087, 2002 (prototype).
CLAIM
1. A method of manufacturing a wear-resistant decorative coating, comprising administering to a decorative transparent quartz solid filler by surface application and subsequent introduction into the freshly applied mechanical binder before its hardening or by premixing a filler with said binder to create a monolithic surface with said binder binding the filler, followed by partial removal of the binder to expose the particles of said filler, characterized in that the binder is used blended binder comprising at least one mineral binder and at least one polymeric binder, said quartz filler is used with a light transmission of at least 20%, coated with the decorative surface layer, the partial removal of the binder produced together with the removal of the decorative layer with exposed portions of the surface of silica particle filler.
2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that a silica filler with at least one surface of the coated particles to the decorative layer of the pigment group, a mirror, fluorescent.
3. The method of claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the removal of the decorative layer together with the material produce exposed portions of the quartz filler particle surface flush with the surface of the coating.
4. A method according to any one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the removal of the decorative layer to produce a surface material exposed portions of the quartz filler particles protruding from the coating layer.
5. The method according to any one of claims 1 and 2, wherein the silica filler is introduced, at least one group of quartz gravel, quartz sand.
6. A method according to any one of claims 1 and 2, wherein the silica filler is administered by topical application in an amount of at least 0.02 kg / m. 2
7. The method according to any one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that said producing abrasive removal method.
8. A method according to any one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that said removal physicochemical produced by etching from the group, dissolution remover.
9. A method according to any one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the at least one mineral binder from the group of Portland cement, magnesia cement, alumina cement, silicate cement, phosphate cement and ligament.
10. The method according to any one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the at least one polymeric binder from the group of epoxy binder, polyurethane binder, polyester binder, an acrylic binder.
11. The method according to any one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that a colored binder.
12. The method according to any one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the silica binder before hardening filler introduced with a further, at least one natural decorative filler.
13. The method according to any one of claims 1 and 2, wherein the silica filler is introduced with additional dry binder and natural aggregates.
print version
Publication date 21.01.2007gg
Comments
Commenting, keep in mind that the content and the tone of your messages can hurt the feelings of real people, show respect and tolerance to his interlocutors, even if you do not share their opinion, your behavior in terms of freedom of speech and anonymity offered by the Internet, is changing not only virtual, but real world. All comments are hidden from the index, spam control.