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INVENTION
Patent of the Russian Federation RU2043583

DEVICE FOR ORIENTATION OF THE HELIOSIS

The name of the inventor: Kuzmenko VV; Dolik Yu.S .; Kuzmenko I.P.
The name of the patent holder: Stavropol Agricultural Institute
Address for correspondence:
Date of commencement of the patent: 1992.08.15

Use: in solar engineering to orient collectors in the azimuth and zenith planes. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: The device comprises a base 1 on which a swivel 3 and an axis 4 are mounted in the bearings 2. Pads 5 with bimetallic helixes 7 and 8 are fixed to the post 5. The swivel 3 and the axis 4 carry sprockets 9 and 10 connected by a chain 11. The spirals 7 And 8 are enclosed in a transparent casing 12. The trunnions of the frame 13 are mounted in the fork of the swivel 3 and are under the influence of the spirals 14 and the spring 15. The spirals 14 are fixed to the casing 16. The device is provided with a tension spring 17. The effect of the spirals 7, 8, 14 is that when heated, they increase the curvature, folding more densely, increasing the loading angle by the calculated angular value. The free end then advances relative to the center of the helix by the calculated angle.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to solar engineering, in particular to drive units for the orientation of a solar installation, and can be used to orient any collector of radiant energy irradiated by a moving source of thermal radiation.

In technology and literature, there are a significant number of analogs of the invention containing various mechanisms for responding to the movement of the sun or tracking its movement [1]

All the mentioned analogs have common shortcomings, consisting in a large complexity of devices, high cost and consumption of the generated types of energy (primarily electric).

As a prototype of the invention, a device for orienting the solar transducer [2] comprising a support post connected to it by means of a spherical hinge, an orientable base and elastic rods connected to the stand and deformable elements located in the slots of the base can serve as a prototype of the invention.

The disadvantage of this device is that the angular displacements of the orientable base after the sun are limited by the possibility of a spherical hinge and are even more limited by the insignificance of the sample of elastic rods and the complexity of developing any mechanisms that increase this sample to the value providing the required orientation.

It is an object of the invention to extend the range of performance parameters of a device.

This is achieved by using bimetallic spirals for the drive of the device, directly and through a chain drive, to rotate the orientable frame around axes arranged on the principle of a cardan joint, using springs to create contrails and using solar collector casings to enhance the heating of bimetallic spirals in combination with the shrouded casing sections for automatic Proofreading orientation.

In Fig. 1 shows the circuit diagram of the device; In Fig. 2 the same, a plan view.

The device for orientation of the solar power plant contains a base 1, in which a swivel 3 is installed in the bearings 2, the upper part of which has a fork shape with two arms (branches) and an axis 4. The base 5 of the base 1 is fixed with the possibility of adjusting the position of the shoe 6 with bimetallic spirals 7 And 8. The swivel 3 and the axis 4 carry sprockets 9 and 10 connected by a chain 11. The spirals 7 and 8 are encased in a transparent casing 12 whose sunroof inner surface has a radiation-absorbing coating and the non-sulphide side has darkened areas for darkening the spirals 7, 8. The daggers Of the frame 13 oriented by the invention are mounted in the arms of the swivel fork 3 and are directly under the influence of bimetallic spirals 14, and the return of the frame 13 to the initial position when cooling the coils 14 is provided by a tensile spring 15. The spirals 14 are enclosed in transparent casings 16, and having radiant areas on the anti-sun inner surface and shading shields.

The swivel 3, through the chain transmission elements 9, 10, 11 and the axis 4, contacts the free end of the spiral 7 or 8 by the force of the tensile spring 17.

THE OFFERED DEVICE ACTS AS THE FOLLOWING

In the evening hours, when the bimetallic spirals 7, 8, 14 are cooled and in their original position, the spring 15 keeps the frame 13 in the vertical position of its plane, and the frame 13 itself can be easily orientated manually to the east. With the rising of the sun, the bimetallic spirals 7, 8, 14 begin to heat up. The spirals 14, opposing the spring 15, gradually unfold the frame 13 in the zenith direction with the radiation receiving side following the sun. In this case, if the action of the spirals 14 lags behind the angular movement of the sun in the zenith direction, then this will reveal an error in their constructive calculation. If, however, the action of the spirals 14 is ahead of the sun's rise, the shield of the casing 16 of each spiral 14 will begin to cover the spiral 14 with a shadow, and it reduces the rate of rotation of the frame 13 in the zenith direction. The position of each casing 16 is selected such that the shadow on the spiral 14 is partially original, which provides a main turn of the frame 13.

Simultaneously, the spiral 7, rotating the axis 4 and through the chain transmission 9, 10, 11 swivel 3, unfolds the frame 13 in the azimuth direction. The principle of regulating this action is analogous to the adjustment of the action of the spirals 14. If the rotation of the axis 4 under the force of the spiral 7 overtakes the azimuthal change of the sun, then the darkened portion of the casing 12 begins to cover the spiral 7 with a shadow, and the end of the spiral 7 reduces the speed of its angular displacement.

The position of the spirals 7, 8 is adjusted so that the helix 7 when the sun passes through the meridian of its midday maximum height brings the swivel 3 to the critical position of the spring 17, after which the spring 17 rotates the swivel 3 in the opposite direction, pressing it through the chain transmission elements 9, 10 , 11 and the axis 4 to the free end of the spiral 8, which by this time is in the maximum heated state, extending the free end almost to the stop of the axis 4. As the value of the radiant energy of the sun decreases in the afternoon, the coil 8 cools and decreases its angular value (And cools faster if, under the influence of heat, the rotation of the axis 4 is delayed, thus inducing the shading portion of the casing 12) under the sun's radiation, allowing the swivel 3 to observe the azimuthal direction of the frame 13 in the sun.

The effect of bimetallic spirals 7, 8, 14 is that when heated, they increase the curvature more tightly, increasing the angle of their twist (if the outer layer of the bimetal has a larger temperature coefficient of expansion) by the calculated angular value. Consequently, the free end of the spiral moves about the center of the spiral to the calculated angle.

CLAIM

A DEVICE FOR ORIENTATION OF A HELIOPILITY SYSTEM, comprising a base with a support post, an orientable solar frame and four deformable elements for azimuth and zenith tracking interacting with the frame by means of a drive, characterized in that the device further comprises two return springs opposing the forces of the deformable elements, the latter being in the form of Bimetallic spirals encased in casings with light-absorbing and darkened areas, and the drive is designed as a swivel mounted on the base, equipped with a fork with brackets supporting the trunnions of the frame, and interacting with the swivel through the chain transmission of the rotary axis, while the bimetallic spirals for zenith tracking are strengthened On the brackets of the swivel fork and are connected to the trunnions of the frame, and the bimetallic helix for azimuth tracking is fixed to the support post and connected to the rotary axis with the possibility of creating a torque and holding torque; the return springs are connected to the swivel with one end and the other to the frame and post respectively Bimetallic spirals are installed with the possibility of adjusting their position by displacing their fasteners and casings.

print version
Date of publication 12.01.2007gg

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