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INVENTION
Russian Federation Patent RU2154243
SOLAR POWER PLANT
Name of the inventor: Strebkov DS .; Tver'yanovich E.V .; Bersenev MA
The name of the patentee: Strebkov Dmitry Semenovich; Tver'yanovich Edward V.
Address for correspondence: 109456, Moscow, 1st Veshnyakovskaya Ex 2, VIESH, ONTI and patenting
Starting date of the patent: 1999.01.11
The invention relates to solar engineering, in particular to solar photovoltaic modules with concentrators to produce heat and electricity. In the solar power plant, comprising the switched photovoltaics flat mirror and the main reflector, to which the radiation falls, mounted at an angle to the plane of the solar cells, the radiation from the optional flat mirror reflector, forming an acute angle with the main plane mirror reflector. Above the additional plane mirror reflector, unidirectionally acute dihedral corner reflectors mounted parabolotsilindricheskih halves so that the nearest to the additional flat mirror reflector halves parabolotsilindricheskogo edge of each reflector is in the course of rays at the remote edge of the adjacent reflector parabolotsilindricheskogo halves. The focal region of each reflector is installed in parabolotsilindricheskogo additional flat plane mirror reflector, wherein at the location of the focal region of each additional flat mirror reflector has a window transparent to radiation, the width of which is commensurate with the size of the focal region. The technical result from the use of the present invention increases the coefficient of energy concentration, decreases installation weight and cost.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to solar engineering, in particular to solar photovoltaic modules with concentrators to produce heat and electricity.
Known solar photovoltaic module to a hub, designed as a prism of total internal reflection (DR Mils, IE Giutronich. Ideal Prisin Solar Concentrators. Solar Energy, vol. 21, 1978, p. 423).
The disadvantage of this solar module is a low concentration factor. This is due to the fact that at a radiation entrance angle but relative to the surface normal ± 23,5 o minimum apex angle prism 
o is 28 o, and the concentration factor K = 1 / sin o = 2,13. Another disadvantage of this design solution is the large mass of the prism of total internal reflection.
The closest but technical nature of the present invention is a photovoltaic module design with a flat mirror reflector (M. Ronnelid et al.Booster Reflektors for Photovolteuc modules at high altitude. Nortk Sun Int. Conf. Proc. 1997. Finland. P. 555). Mirror reflector enhances the flux of solar radiation on photovoltaic converters is proportional to the concentration ratio, which is equal to 1.5-2.0.
The disadvantage of this solar module is a low concentration factor.
The object of the invention is to increase the solar energy concentration, and reduction unit reducing its weight value.
As a result, use of the present invention increases the ratio of the concentration of energy, reduced unit weight and cost.
The above technical result is achieved by the fact that the solar power plant, comprising the switched photovoltaics and the main flat mirror reflector on which radiation is incident, set at an angle to the solar cells plane by solar radiation is an additional flat mirror reflector, forming an acute angle with the plane of the main specular reflector. Above the additional plane mirror reflector unidirectionally acute dihedral corner reflectors mounted parabolotsilindricheskih halves so that the nearest to the additional flat mirror reflector halves parabolotsilindricheskogo edge of each reflector is in the course of rays at remote additional flat mirror reflector halves parabolotsilindricheskogo adjacent edge of the reflector.
The focal region of each half-reflector located in parabolotsilindricheskogo additional flat plane mirror reflector, wherein at the location of the focal region of each additional flat mirror reflector has a window transparent to radiation, the width of which is commensurate with the size of the focal region.
To provide for tracking the sun in a solar energy installation halves parabolotsilindricheskih reflectors have a rotational axis coinciding with the focal axis and the rotation studded system.
To increase the efficiency of the solar power plant further transparent windows in the planar specular reflector made in the form of air gaps.
To reduce solar energy loss, which is caused by the release of solar rays in the space between primary and secondary flat mirror reflector through the window in the additional mirror reflector, the edges of each piece of additional flat mirror reflector arranged between adjacent windows, are curved in such a way that each edge remote from acute dihedral vertex angle, bent at 1-5 o with respect to the plane of the flat mirror reflector further toward the side of the flat mirror reflector, and each edge, close to the top of an acute dihedral angle, bent at 1-5 o with respect to the plane of the additional flat mirror reflector in a direction opposite to the main reflectors.
To increase the concentration ratio of solar power installation plane mirror reflector additional parts, which are located between adjacent transparent windows rotated 0,1-4 o angle relative to the plane but windows additional flat mirror reflector, so that each edge portion of an additional flat mirror reflector, remote from the apex of acute dihedral angle, it is closer to the base plane mirror reflector than the edge of the same part, close to the top of an acute dihedral angle.
The essence of the invention is illustrated by FIG. 1, 2, 3, 4.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a solar power installation (cross section) and the path of the rays therein
FIG. 2 - solar power plant with the direction of the sun's rays, other than the normal
FIG. 3 - a solar power plant, in which the edge portion of each additional flat mirror reflector arranged between adjacent windows, are curved in such a way that each edge, remote from the apex of an acute dihedral angle, bent at 1-5 o with respect to the additional flat mirror reflector plane toward the side of the flat mirror reflector, and each edge, close to the top of an acute dihedral angle, bent at 1-5 o with respect to the plane of the additional flat mirror reflector in the direction opposite to the main reflector mirror.
FIG. 4 - a solar power plant, in which plane parts of additional flat mirror reflector arranged between adjacent windows fitted 0,1-4 o angle relative to the plane of windows additional flat mirror reflector.
Legend:
1 - the main flat mirror reflector;
2 - half parabolotsilindricheskih reflectors;
3 - the system of rotation halves parabolotsilindricheskih reflector orientation of the sun;
4 - transparent windows in an additional plane mirror reflector located in the area of the focal areas halves parabolotsilindricheskih reflectors;
5 - additional flat mirror reflector;
6 - photoelectric converters.
The top of the dihedral angle 
- A straight line formed by the intersection of the main planes of the flat mirror reflector 1 and the additional mirror reflector 5, forming the dihedral angle . The edges of the halves 2 parabolotsilindricheskih reflectors, which are removed by an additional flat mirror reflector 5, and the edges which are closest to the surface of the additional mirror reflector are straight lines that are parallel to the focal region 4 and the top acute dihedral angle .
Installation operates as follows (Figures 1 and 2.):
Solar radiation (beam 1), reflected by the half of the parabolic reflector 2, falls on photovoltaics 6 through the focus 4.
Ray 2 goes to photovoltaics 6 after reflection from the reflector halves parabolotsilindricheskogo 2 and the main flat mirror reflector 1.
Ray 3 goes to photovoltaics after reflection from the reflector halves parabolotsilindricheskogo 2 main flat mirror reflector 1, and an additional flat mirror reflector 5.
When multiple reflection beams from the wall plane mirror reflectors 1 and 5 is a change of angle of incidence of the rays according to the formula.
k = o + k .
Where k - the angle of incidence for k th reflection; o - ray entry angle (angle between the normal to the plane of reflector 5 and the beam direction); - Acute dihedral angle between the plane mirror reflectors 1 and 5.
Thus, all the rays that fall into the inner space between the reflectors 1 and 5, straighten and come to phototransformator 6 at an angle close to 90 o.
In FIG. 3 beam 1 reflected from the primary flat mirror reflector 1 does not go through the transparent window 4 made in focal regions halves zone parabolotsilindricheskih reflectors 2, of the space between the mirror reflectors 1 and 5 due to the fact that the edges of each piece of additional flat mirror reflector 5 disposed between adjacent windows 4 are bent so that each edge, remote from the apex of an acute dihedral angle, bent at 1-5 o with respect to the plane of the additional flat mirror reflector 5 toward the side of the flat mirror reflector 1, and each edge, the approximate to the top of an acute dihedral angle, bent at 1-5 o with respect to the plane of the additional flat mirror reflector 5 in the direction opposite to the main reflector mirror 1.
In FIG. 4 1 beam reflected from the main reflector 1, does not go through the transparent window 4 from the space between the reflectors 1 and 5 by the rotation of the plane parts of the additional mirror reflector 5 located between adjacent windows 4 0,1-4 o but with respect to the plane transparent windows 4, so that the edge portion of each additional flat mirror reflector 5, remote from the apex of an acute dihedral angle, is closer to the base plane mirror reflector 1 than the edge of the same side, close to the top of an acute dihedral angle.
When installing solar orientation to track the Sun's declination is necessary to rotate the halves parabolotsilindricheskih reflectors 2 to 1 o by 3.5 days.
An example of a constructive implementation of a solar power plant.
The length of the solar power plant - 2.4 m, width - 1.2 m, the size of the reflector halves parabolotsilindricheskih 2 - 0.5 x 1.2 m, parametric angle - ± 24 o, the angle between the plane mirror reflectors 1 and 5 - O = 8, the size of the focal region of 4 - 0.05 x 1.2 meters, the distance between the focal axes - 0.225 m, the size of switched photovoltaic - 0.4 x 1 m, the geometric concentration:
K Geom = arcctg = Arcctg 8 o = 7,1
The deflection angle halves parabolic reflectors - 48 o, an additional angle mirror reflector plane 5 with solar orientation to the horizon equal to the latitude of the surface area of minus 10 o. For Moscow, the conditions of this angle is 46 o.
Electric power solar power plant with an overall optical efficiency of the reflectors 0.8 and efficiency of solar cells 12% of 280 watts.
CLAIM
1. Solar energy installation comprising photovoltaics and the switched primary flat mirror reflector on which the radiation falls, mounted at an angle to the plane of the solar cells, characterized in that the solar radiation by an additional flat mirror reflector, forming an acute angle with the main plane of the flat mirror reflector above the plane of the additional mirror reflector unidirectionally acute dihedral angle set halves parabolotsilindricheskih reflectors so that closest to the additional flat mirror reflector edge of each half parabolotsilindricheskogo reflector located along the beam at a remote from the additional flat mirror reflector edge adjacent halves parabolotsilindricheskogo reflector parabolotsilindricheskogo focal region of each reflector is a flat plane mirror reflector further, and at the location of the focal region of each additional flat mirror reflector has a window transparent to radiation, the width of which is commensurate with the size of the focal region.
2. The solar power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that the reflectors are half parabolotsilindricheskih axis of rotation coinciding with the focal axis and the rotation overall system for tracking the sun.
3. The solar power plant of claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a further window in a planar specular reflector made in the form of air gaps.
4. Solar energy installation according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the edge of each of the extra flat mirror reflector located between adjacent windows, are curved in such a way that each edge, remote from the apex of an acute dihedral angle, bent at one - 5 o with respect to the plane of the additional flat mirror reflector towards the ground plane mirror reflector, and each edge, close to the top of an acute dihedral angle, bent at 1 - 5 o with respect to the plane of the additional flat mirror reflector in the direction opposite the main mirror reflector.
5. Solar energy installation according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that an additional plane mirror reflector portions, which are located between adjacent transparent windows are rotated at an angle of 0.1 - 4 o with respect to the plane of the windows additional flat mirror reflector such that each edge portion of an additional flat mirror reflector, remote from the apex of an acute dihedral angle, is closer to the base plane mirror reflector than the edge of the same part, close to the top of an acute dihedral angle.
print version
Publication date 12.01.2007gg
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