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INVENTION
Patent of the Russian Federation RU2030025
PHOTOELECTRIC MODULE
The name of the inventor: Kholyavin OB; Khlopiannikova L.M.
The name of the patent holder: Research-and-production enterprise "Saturn"
Address for correspondence:
Date of commencement of the patent: 1989.04.04
Use: The invention relates to solar engineering and can be used in photovoltaic power systems with a long service life. Essence: a photoactive canvas consisting of a series-parallel set of photoconverters is enclosed in a hermetic space, bounded from the front side by silicate glass, and on the back side by a metal foil. On the perimeter of the glass by electrostatic bonding a metal strip is fixed from a material well welded to the back metal foil by suture laser or ultrasonic welding, the foil is welded to a metal strip fixed to the glass.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to solar power engineering, in particular to photovoltaics, and can be used in power systems with a long life span.
A photoelectric module is known comprising a metal frame, a front and rear silicate glass, and a bag located between the glasses, consisting of a photoactive web located between two layers of a low-modulus adhesive film. The face surfaces of FM are sealed with mastic [1].
The disadvantages of this module are the following: sealing of the front and back surfaces of the module is carried out by two silicate glasses, which significantly increases its material consumption and mass; Sealing the end surface of the module with mastic does not provide high-quality protection of the photoactive web from atmospheric moisture for a long service life and is the main element determining the longevity of the module.
The closest to the invention in terms of the technical essence and the effect achieved is a photomodule containing a metal frame, a photoactive web enclosed between two layers of a low-modular adhesive film, protected by a face glass and a back film. Sealing of the ends of FM is carried out using a mastic and a rubber seal [2].
The disadvantage of this module is that when it is manufactured by the method of thermoforming a package with a photoactive web, additional sealing of the open ends of the FM is required. Moreover, the sealing of the ends with mastic and rubber sealant for reliable operation of FM is insufficient, since moisture and moisture enter the module through the sealant.
Many low-molecular-weight adhesive polymer films, despite the resistance to moisture, sunlight, air oxygen, ozone, under long-term operation under FM operating conditions, undergo degradation with the formation of hydroperoxides and the isolation of aldehydes. Through the pores in the polymer adhesive film, moisture is directly on the photoplot, which is the reason for its accelerated degradation. These same factors cause the oxidation of current leads, salt bridges can cause current leakage and even a short circuit.
The object of the invention is to increase the durability of the FM by enhancing the tightness by welding the photoactive web between inorganic protective materials: silicate glass on the front side and metal foil on the back side of the module.
The goal is achieved by creating a photoelectric module containing a metal frame with a package fixed in it by means of a sealer consisting of a photoactive web placed between two layers of a low-modular adhesive film which are enclosed in a cavity formed from the front side by a silicate glass and on the back side by a protective film Layer, characterized in that in order to increase the durability of the module by improving the tightness of the cavity of the bag, the protective layer is made of a metal foil insulated in the area of the photoactive web with electrical insulating material, while a metal strip is electrostatically attached to it along the perimeter of the glass, to which the metal foil is welded.
The drawing shows a photoelectric module.
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The photoelectric module consists of a metal frame 1, a photoactive web 2, an adhesive low-modulus film 3, a protective silicate glass 4, a metal strip 5 electrostatically attached to the glass, a metal foil 6 with an electrical insulation coating 7, except for welding points, a weld seam 8 sealing the glass to Back foil, rubber profile. |
THE MODULE IS FOLLOWED BY THE FOLLOWING
A metal strip 5 (usually aluminum) of foil 50 microns thick and 5-10 mm wide is electrostatically attached to protective silicate glass 4. The foil strip is attached to the glass under operating voltage up to 1.6 kV by pressing it with a roller to the surface of glass heated to a temperature of 220-250 ° C with a force of up to 150 N at a current up to 1.5 A. This leads to the diffusion of aluminum into the interior of the glass, Aluminosilicates, thereby ensuring a reliable attachment of the foil to the glass. The glass with the attached metal strip is subjected to a vacuum-thermal forming process with low-modulus adhesive films 3, a photoactive web 2 and a back metal foil 6, which is doubled with an electrical insulating coating 7. After thermoforming, a weld seam 8 is created between the metal strip on the glass and the back foil.
In this case, welding with a small zone of thermal action is used: ultrasonic or laser, which ensures the integrity of the FM for a long service life. The sealed photocell is placed in the rubber seal 9 and the metal frame 1.
The technical and economic advantages of the proposed construction of FM are to increase its durability and reliability. The ability of sealing polymeric materials to absorb (sorb) water causes a drop in electrical insulation properties and, as a result, degradation of the electrical characteristics of the FM. This is due to the fact that the intermolecular and intramolecular space in polymers is 10 -7 -10 -9 m, while the size of water molecules in the largest direction is 3 × 10 -10 m, i.е. Water can penetrate any sealant based on polymer compositions. Thus, the protection of the ends with mastic does not create the conditions for the durability of FM. Low-modular adhesive films used in the manufacture of FM, under long-term operation, are exposed to the action of moisture, oxygen of air, ozone, various acids and salts contained in water vapor, which causes the destruction of polymers to form active chemical compounds such as hydroperoxides and aldehydes. Both the degradation products and the reagents penetrating through the mastic and the film, contained in the environment, get on the phototube, cause its degradation, corrosion of the current leads, destroy solder joints, create micro-shunts.
Applying the full sealing of glass and metal in the FM construction, we will get a new quality of the product - reliable protection from environmental influences. This makes it possible to extend the life of the FM twice and to bring it to 40 years, to halve the cost of electricity produced by it with the same initial capital outlay.
The use of a tight seal makes it possible to use a more efficient photocell with little resistance to the external environment with the use of new lighting materials.
CLAIM
PHOTOELECTRIC MODULE comprising a metal frame with a package fixed in it by means of a sealer, consisting of a photoactive web disposed between two layers of a low-modular adhesive film which are enclosed in a cavity formed on the backside by a silicate glass, on the back side a protective layer, characterized in that , In order to increase the durability of the module by improving the sealing of the bag cavity, the protective layer is made of a metal foil insulated in the area of the photoactive web with electrical insulating material, while a metal strip to which the metal foil is welded is electrostatically attached to it along the perimeter of the glass.
print version
Date of publication 12.01.2007gg
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