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INVENTION
Russian Federation Patent RU2201558
Solar energy MODULE
Name of the inventor: Adrianov VN
The name of the patentee: Nikolai Andrianov Mikhailova
Address for correspondence: 117261, Moscow, ul.Panferova, 8, kv.25, V.N.Adrianovu
Starting date of the patent: 2000.08.21
The invention relates to a solar engineering, in particular to the field of power plants with solar concentrators. The invention consists in that in a PV module consisting of a concentrator of solar energy and the energy receiver located in the focal concentrator plane according to the invention, the solar energy concentrator is paraboloidal and the mirror, the module comprises an additional hemispherical specular reflector hub return radiation with the inlet the contour of the aperture angle, and the radiation detector is made flat. The invention should improve the efficiency of the system.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to devices for trapping and concentrating the energy of the radiation. Such devices are the technical basis for solar power plants and geliotehnicheskih and high optical and furnaces for various technological purposes. By their physical essence considered devices are optical systems, collecting and concentrating the supplied radiation energy on the receiver surface.
The interaction of the concentrated radiation from the optical system and the process of transformation of radiation into heat energy accompanied by a number of unavoidable losses adversely affecting an efficiency of the installation, which in turn causes an increase in capital costs and reduction of production cost and competitive technology used. Among these losses become important energy loss caused by reverse radiation energy receiver surface. The reverse (or rather - effective) energy radiation receiver consists of its own heat radiation into the surrounding space, and that portion of the concentrated radiation flux that energy reflected by the surface receiver. Thus, reverse light, leaving the optical system, it is dissipated in the environment and defines an indicated loss of the larger, the more intense its own thermal radiation energy receiver and greater reflectivity of the surface.
However, the existence of losses due to the inverse of the radiation energy receiver practically not taken into account when creating devices for trapping and concentrating the energy of the radiation. For example, involved as an analogue of the claimed subject of solar energy concentrator (RF Patent 2118763, cl. F 24 J 2/00, BI 25, of 10/09/98), consisting of a concave mirror portion filled with a transparent or translucent body, in its optical the scheme does not contain elements that reduce the losses due to the return radiation.
The closest to the claimed subject to the technical nature and selected as a prototype for a power module (RF Patent 2028557, cl F 24 J 2/12;. 2/14, BI 4, 9.2.95 g), consisting of a base, a concave mirror surface having a side-view of a hub with an opening angle of a rectangle not more than 80 o, and the energy receiver placed in the focus of the mirror surface of the arc on the center of the rectangle. The disadvantages of this prior art and the energy loss is due to the inverse of the radiation energy receiver, and in addition, losses due rectangular hub structure.
The purpose of this invention is to increase the efficiency of power devices, trapping and concentrating the radiation energy (in particular - increase the efficiency factor of solar power plants). This is achieved by reducing the losses caused by the reverse thermal radiation energy receiver surface.
For practical reduction of these losses in the claimed device, the radiation energy flow between the receiver and the environment overlaps additional reflector-concentrator, which collects and concentrates the light opposite it on the surface energy of the receiver. This leads to fuller use of high-energy radiation source.
Justification reachable goal made the example of the proposed solar power module, whose scheme is shown in the drawing.
As shown, the solar energy flux falls on the surface of the paraboloidal concentrator 1, and is reflected by it focuses at the focal plane coinciding with the surface energy receiver 3, causing heating of the latter. Part of the return radiation energy emitted by the receiver within the aperture angle 
Irretrievably lost, leaving the system. The remainder of the radiation incident on the reverse surface of the additional reflector hub 2 and returns them to the heated surface energy receiver 3. Emerging multiple reflections due to this flow of energy between the receiver 3 and the surface of the additional reflector 2 lead to an increase in heat absorption of the energy receiver, which in turn, It increases the efficiency of the solar thermal system.
Thus, the proposed solar power module (see. The drawing) different from the existing devices in that it is captured and used part of the return radiation emanating from the power receiver surface. Technically, such an improvement of the optical system is achieved by installing a reverse radiation hemispherical reflector-concentrator 2, which is a fundamentally new module element.
In the case of a flat energy receiver 3 (as shown in the drawing) of the reflector Hub 2 has a hemispherical shape mirrors the contour of the inlet aperture angle . If the energy receiver has a bulk shape, the reflector hub 2 is completely analogous with spherical inlet. power receiver is placed on the center of the spherical mirror.
It should be noted and that the proposed optical system of solar power module can be used for solar power plants with a lens concentrators of solar energy, but also for high-temperature optical furnaces of various technological purposes, using high-power radiation sources.
As shown by the analysis of the work done, the implementation of the proposed scheme on the module of the device will allow, without changing the basic dimensions of the concentrator 1, enhance the power (or capacity) installed on tens of percent. When you create a new preset power devices it is possible to make the main hub 1 smaller, thereby reducing the capital cost of construction of the facility as a mirror concentrator is the most expensive element of it.
Quantitative evaluation of the effectiveness of the proposed actions of the module was produced on the basis of physico-mathematical analysis of radiative heat transfer in two comparable systems.
First (conventional) system included: high-temperature light source, concentrator and energy receiver predetermined temperature environment. The second (proposed) - a source of radiation, the main hub of energy and the receiver referred to an additional reflector. In solving the problem both on the energy surface of the receiver systems were set boundary conditions of the 1st, 2nd or 3rd kind, corresponding to different technological intended installation. Analysis of the results showed that the efficiency of the claimed module is determined by a number of opto-geometric and thermal parameters and can significantly (by tens of percent) higher than the efficiency of similar products in traditional design. In particular, when the energy absorptivity of the receiver equal to 0.70 was obtained for the boundary conditions of the 1st kind - increased heat absorption of 40% at maximum, two of the first kind - the temperature of the receiver surface energy increased up to 1.5 times, 3- of the first kind - the efficiency of the solar increased by up to 80%.
Character general relationship derived on the basis of theoretical solutions, shows that the efficiency of the proposed module increases with the reflectivity and thermal radiation energy receiver and decreases with increasing angle concentrator aperture that coincides with the physical representations of the processes taking place.
CLAIM
A PV module consisting of the concentrator of solar energy and the energy receiver located in the focal concentrator plane, characterized in that the solar energy concentrator is paraboloidal and the mirror, the module comprises an additional hemispherical specular reflector hub return radiation with the inlet contour of the aperture angle and the receiver radiation is flat.
print version
Publication date 12.01.2007gg
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