| section Home
Production, Amateur Radio amateur Model aircraft, rocket- Useful, entertaining |
Stealth master
Electronics Physics Technologies invention |
space Mystery
Earth Mysteries Secrets of the Ocean Stealth section Map |
  |
| Use of material is permitted for reference (for websites - hyperlinks) | |||
Navigation: => |
Home / Products Patents / In the section of the catalog / back / |
|
INVENTION
Russian Federation Patent RU2135909
Solar PV Modules with concentrators
FOR ELECTRICITY AND HEAT
Name of the inventor: Strebkov DS .; Tver'yanovich E.V .; Artemov AA .; Bersenev MA
The name of the patentee: All-Russian Research Institute for Electrification of Agriculture
Address for correspondence: 109456, Moscow, 1st Veshnyakovskaya etc. 2, VIESH, ONTI and patenting.
Starting date of the patent: 1998.07.13
The invention relates to solar engineering, in particular to solar photovoltaic modules with concentrators to produce heat and electricity.
As a result, use of the present invention increases the ratio of the concentration of energy, reduced unit weight and cost. The above technical result is achieved by the fact that the solar PV module containing the switched photovoltaics 1 and set to one side of the mirror reflector 2, the opposite side of solar cells 1 established clear fence 3, for example made of glass or plastic, which forms an acute dihedral angle with the plane mirror reflector 2 and the angle 
entrance (incidence) of solar radiation on a transparent enclosure 3 and the dihedral angle 
between the transparent enclosure 3 and a mirror reflector 2 are related 
where 
= 80-90 °.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to solar engineering, in particular to solar photovoltaic modules with concentrators to produce heat and electricity.
And zvesten solar photovoltaic module with a concentrate made as a prism of total internal reflection (DRMils, IEGiutronich. Ideal Prism Solar Concentrators. Solar Energy, vol. 21, 1978, p. 423).
The disadvantage of this solar module is a low concentration factor. This is due to the fact that at a radiation entrance angle relative to the surface normal ± 23,5 o minimum apex angle prism 
is 28 o, and the concentration factor K = 1 / sin
= 2.13.
Another disadvantage of this design solution is the large mass of the prism of total internal reflection.
The closest to the technical nature of the present invention is a photovoltaic module design with a flat mirror reflector (M.Ronnelid et al. Booster Reflektors for Photovolteuc modules at high altitude. Nortk Sun Int. Conf. Proc. 1997. Finland. P.555). Mirror reflector enhances the flow of solar radiation on photovoltaic converters is proportional to the concentration ratio, which is equal to 1.5 - 2.0.
The disadvantage of this solar module is a low concentration factor.
The object of the invention is to increase the solar energy concentration, and reduction unit reducing its weight value.
As a result, use of the present invention increases the ratio of the concentration of energy, reduced unit weight and cost.
The above technical result is achieved by the fact that the solar PV module containing the switched photovoltaics and mounted on one side mirror reflector on the opposite side of solar cells installed a transparent enclosure, eg made of glass or plastic, which forms an acute dihedral angle with the plane mirror reflector, and the entry angle ( fall) of solar radiation on a transparent fence and the dihedral angle between the transparent enclosure and mirror reflector are related where = 80 - 90 o.
To reduce sunlight reflection losses at large angles of incidence transparent guard has unevenness on the side on which the radiation falls, and a polished surface on the opposite side.
To further increase the concentration of solar radiation between photoconverters and mirror reflector with a transparent cover fitted additional hubs, such as foclines (Fauconnier) or Fresnel lenses.
To rotate the solar rays at an angle a transparent enclosure to the plane of the transparent optical device guardrail installed in a miniature turning mirror shutters which are inclined to the transparent fence angled corner of the corresponding solar radiation input = 50 - 80 o.
The essence of the invention is illustrated by FIG. 1 - 5.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the solar photovoltaic module to the hub
(Cross section) and the path of the rays therein
FIG. 2 - PV module design with microscopic irregularities on the work surface
transparent fences
FIG. 3 - Solar photovoltaic module with additional hubs
as focline
FIG. 4 - Solar photovoltaic module with additional hubs
a Fresnel lens
FIG. 5 - photovoltaic module with an optical device in the form of rotary shutters
of the miniature mirrors
Solar photovoltaic module concentrator photovoltaics contains 1, 2 specular reflector and transparent enclosure 3 made of glass or plastic. Open the dihedral angle between the specular reflector 2 and 3 is a transparent enclosure . entry angle (incidence) of solar radiation on the working surface 4, clear the fence is the angle between the line and the vector 
Perpendicular to the surface on which radiation is incident.
In general, for the beam propagating along the optical wedge of the two mirrors, the angle of incidence 
after the n-th reflection is = + 2n where 
90 o.
The proposed concentrator photovoltaic modules with beam is reflected from the mirror reflector 2 at an angle + and falls on the inner side 5 3 transparent enclosure angle =
2
Because the number of reflections n = 1.
The reflection coefficient of the radiation transparent enclosure is dependent on the angle of incidence at the angle of incidence of 80 to 90 o reflection coefficient increases from 4 to 100%. So we take 80 o
2
90 o.
To reduce radiation losses at the reflection from the working surface 4 is transparent enclosure 3 comprises microroughness 6 (FIG. 2) and to increase the reflectance back surface 5 3 transparent enclosure polished.
To increase the concentration of solar energy on an additional 1 phototransformator hub as focline 7 (Fig. 3) or a Fresnel lens 8 (Fig. 4).
Solar concentrator photovoltaic module according to FIG.
5 has a working surface 4 3 transparent enclosure optical device 9 in the form of blinds 10 miniature mirror 11, which are inclined to the transparent angled fence 
.
Phototransformator 1 are air and (or) water cooling 12. The hot air and (or) hot water used for heating and hot water.
EXAMPLE constructive implementation of photovoltaic modules
Area transparent enclosure 3 is 2 m 2 and a mirror reflector 2 area is 2 m 2, the angle between them choose 11,3 o, the angle of the solar radiation input = 65 o, the concentration factor K = ctg11,3 o = 5,0.
Transparent barrier 3 and two specular reflector made of tempered glass with a low iron content. The reflective layer is made of silver plated copper followed by a layer, and two layers of sealant. Additional hub focline 7 parametric angle of 24 o is the concentration factor K = 1 / sin24 = 2,46.
The total concentration of total factor K = 2.46 · 5.0 = 12.3.
When sunlight enters normal to the plane of the clear coat, the optical device turns with the solar izluchenie O = 0 to = O 65.
Optical device 9 as a rotary shutters 10 of the miniature mirror 11 is sized 30h1000h3mm mirror angle of mirror 11
= 57,5 o.
Radiation exit angle on the transparent enclosure 3
= O 65.
Dimensions photovoltaic 100h1000 1 mm without additional hub and 400h1000 mm using the optional hub as focline 7 parametric angle of 24 o. Dimensions inlet focline 100h1000 mm outlet 40h1000 mm.
The proposed solar photovoltaic module with a hub works as follows. Solar radiation reaches the working surface 4 transparent enclosure 3 at an angle Is reflected from the mirror reflector at an angle 2 + and enters the rear side fence 3 5 clear angle 2 angle is selected so that 2 = 85 o, while radiation is reflected to the phototransformator 1. When the sun is low on the horizon, the angle big ( = 70 - 80 o), the reflection losses are reduced by using microroughnesses 6 on a transparent fence 3.
When solar radiation enters the transparent enclosure 3 at an angle close to the normal to the surface (angle is small), the optical device 9 turns in the direction photovoltaic radiation 1, with the radiation entrance angle increases, the angle decreases in accordance with the relation = (80 o -
) / 2 and the concentration ratio K = ctg
increases. Further increase in concentration occurs when light hits the additional hub 7.
The apparatus may be used in heating systems to produce high heat, hot water and high vapor pressure, in this case photovoltaics may be absent, and in their place a solar collector mounted c selective coating.
Solar concentrator photovoltaic module is easy to manufacture, has a low mass, high optical efficiency, and low cost. High concentration factor allows you to get cheap electricity, heat and hot water.
CLAIM
- Solar photovoltaic module to the hub containing the switched photovoltaics and specular reflector positioned on one side at an angle to the plane of the photoconverter, characterized in that the opposite side of photovoltaic set transparent barrier such as glass or plastics, forming a dihedral angle with a plane mirror reflector and the angle of incidence of solar radiation on a transparent enclosure and the dihedral angle between the transparent enclosure and mirror reflector are related Where = 80-90 °.
- Solar photovoltaic module according to claim 1, wherein the transparent barrier has unevenness on the side on which the radiation falls, and the opposite side is polished.
- Solar photovoltaic module according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that between photoconverters and mirror reflector with a transparent fence installed additional hubs as foclines (Fauconnier) or Fresnel lenses.
- Solar photovoltaic module according to claim 3, characterized in that on a transparent fence on the side on which the radiation falls, the optical device is set to rotate the solar rays, which is in the form of miniature rotary shutters mirrors, which are inclined to the transparent fence at an angle corresponding solar radiation input angle = 50 - 80 o.
print version
Publication date 09.11.2006gg
Comments
Commenting, keep in mind that the content and the tone of your messages can hurt the feelings of real people, show respect and tolerance to his interlocutors, even if you do not share their opinion, your behavior in terms of freedom of speech and anonymity offered by the Internet, is changing not only virtual, but real world. All comments are hidden from the index, spam control.