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INVENTION
Russian Federation Patent RU2250536

SOLAR BATTERY

Name of the inventor: Berkaliev RI (RU); Fintisov AI
The name of the patentee: Open Joint Stock Company "Saturn"
Address for correspondence: 350072, Krasnodar, ul. Sun, 6, "Saturn"
Starting date of the patent: 2004.01.08

The invention relates to electrical engineering, in particular to devices for generating electrical energy by conversion of light radiation into electrical energy. The technical result is to increase the solar battery resistance (Sa) to effects of mechanical and thermomechanical loads, to reduce the degradation of electrical Sa characteristics during its operation in enhancing energy Sa characteristics, simplifying the circuit system, improving reliability, reducing weight, in providing a uniform SB distribution on the surface of the carcass weight. Essence: Sat contains panels glued on them modules consisting of a series or series-parallel connected via the switching bus of solar cells (solar cells). Switching tires fitted thermomechanical compensators and to the front surface of each solar cell is adhered a protective glass plate which is provided additionally glued to a flat or curved surface of the frame having a predetermined shape and size of the elastic members. The internal volume of the elastic members is filled with a sealant to form a convex meniscus. SE elastic members are pressed against and fixed stationary to full polymerization of the sealant. Switching tires thermomechanical compensators and shunt diodes are welded or soldered to the back contact solar cells in the zones free of sealant. Thermomechanical expansion joints are located between the rear side of the solar cells and the supporting surface of the carcass and in areas free of sealant.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to electrical engineering, in particular to devices for generating electrical energy by means of light radiation into electrical energy, and is intended for use in the construction of solar battery (SB).

Known solar cell (Gunter la Roche, Solargeratoren fur die Raumfahrt, Braunschweig, Wiesbaden Vieweg, Germany, 1997, JSBN 3-528-06945-7), designed to power the spacecraft. Sa consists of solar cells (SC) connected to one another flexible intercell connectors from honeycomb panels whose surface is formed of carbon fiber and layers of insulating material, between which a honeycomb aluminum foil.

Electricity portion Sa (modules), solar cells consisting of a protective coating bonded to the flat surface of the panel by means of elastic sealants, wherein the adhesive composition is applied to a continuous layer.

Symptoms of the SC design features in common with the proposed SC, the following:

- Panel;

- SE, interconnected flexible Intercell connectors;

- SE equipped with protective covers and are glued to the surface of the panel.

The disadvantage of the Security Council - is an analogue of the following:

- Increased Security Performance degradation during the operation, due to the presence of the adhesive composition in the inter-element spacing, which is subjected to spray because of the impact factors of electrification and subsequent deposition on the front surface of the Security Council.

- Technological complexity of ensuring inter-element gap when the sticker on the panel surface of NE.

The most familiar and accepted as the prototype is Sat (GLOBASTAR. Solar Generator Desigh And Layout For Low Earth Orbit Application in Consideration Of Commercial Aspects And Quanlity Production. D-81663 Munich Germany), located on the carbon fiber honeycomb. The bearing portion honeycomb panel comprises two layers of carbon fiber between which is of honeycomb aluminum foil. In the carbon fiber surface for AOC labels, glued insulating film. Electricity portion Sa (modules) composed of the FE connected to each other by a thermomechanical switching elements compensators. The front surface of each glass plate is pasted SE.

Symptoms prototype features in common with the proposed SC, the following:

- Panels glued on them modules;

- Modules consist of solar cells in series or in series-parallel connected to each other via a bus switching thermomechanical compensators;

- To the front surface of each solar cell protective glass plate is bonded;

- Modules are glued to the panels using an elastic adhesive (sealant).

Disadvantages of the prototype are the following:

- High probability of inter-element switching damage, serving on the front surface of the Security Council, in the process of manufacturing and routine maintenance;

- The technological complexity of manufacturing inter-element switching, due to the necessity of placing thermomechanical joints in narrow inter-element gaps;

- The technological complexity of the software given inter-element gaps;

- Sa limited resistance to thermal and mechanical stresses caused by a thin layer of elastic adhesive (sealant);

- High probability of having uncontrolled defects in the adhesive layer (the so-called "air bubbles"), due to its large area and limited thickness;

- Limited ability to label modules Sat on a curved surface.

The technical result achieved in the proposed Security Council, the following;

- Increased resistance to the effects of Sat mechanical and thermomechanical loads due to the guaranteed elastic sealant layer of a given thickness, and configuration;

- The absence of adhesive in the gaps between the solar cells and other structural elements, which significantly reduces the degradation of electrical characteristics of the Security Council during its operation and eliminates the need for cleaning inter-element gap, in which the probability of inter-element switching damage;

- Enables the use of large-sized solar cells on curved surfaces, thereby increasing the energy characteristics of the Security Council;

- It provides the possibility of placing shunt (bypass) diodes on the back side of the solar cell, which considerably simplifies the switching system and reduces the weight of the Security Council;

- It provides the possibility of placing thermomechanical joints of switching tires between the back of the FE and the frame than they are adequately protected from mechanical damage during manufacture and land use;

- Ensures an even distribution of weight on the surface of the frame Sat;

- Are excluded the possibility of the formation of air cavities ( "bubbles") in the sealant, thereby improving the quality of gluing and are excluded the possibility of damage to the SE in the operation of the Security Council in the space vacuum conditions.

Achieved the above-mentioned technical result is as follows: solar panel, consisting of a series or series-parallel connected solar cells and shunt (bypass) diodes, pasted on a continuous flat or curved surface is not the entire area, but only in the area defined by an elastic element, which is located under each FE, while in the case of large solar cells for their fastening can be used two or more elastic members. The elastic element is made of pre-polymerised adhesive, which later will be sticking to the frame SE. The elastic member may be made of any shape and size in relation to a particular design by pouring an adhesive (sealant) into special shapes. The elastic elements are glued to the surface of the carcass and to carried out by marking their internal volume is filled with an adhesive (sealant) to form a convex meniscus, SC pressed to the elastic elements and are fixed in position until cured adhesive. Availability convex meniscus ensures the necessary bonding area without the formation of closed cavities (so-called "bubble") with air. Available with a slight excess adhesive is squeezed out uniformly and remains in the form of a cuff between the SE and the back of the elastic element, without falling into the gaps between the solar cells. To ensure the mechanical strength of the bond is usually sufficient to limit the gluing zone 20-40% of the area of ​​SE. This allows to increase the thickness of the sealant without increasing its total weight, and even for some reduction sealant mass relative to conventional embodiment. Increasing the thickness of the sealant increases significantly Sa and resistance to thermal mechanical stress. In addition, the presence of voids between the back of the FE and carcass-free sealant can accommodate shunt (bypass) diodes and unpackaged thermomechanical joints of switching tires between the back of the FE and the frame, thus eliminating the possibility of damage when working with the Security Council.

The features of the proposed Security Council, causing its compliance with the criterion of "novelty", as follows:

- SB contains glued to a flat or curved surface of elastic elements having a predetermined shape and size;

- The internal volume of the elastic elements is filled with sealant to form a convex meniscus;

- SC pressed to the elastic element and fixed thereto;

- Switching tires thermomechanical compensators and shunt (bypass) diodes are welded or soldered to the back contact solar cells in the zones free of sealant;

- Thermomechanical joints of switching tires are disposed between the back side of the solar cell and the surface of the carrier frame and in areas free of sealant.

the totality of features and characteristics of the separately analyzed for evidence of conformity of the proposed criterion Sat "inventive step". It was found that the use of the above distinctive features that provide in combination with the known features of the technical result is to increase the resistance of the Security Council to the effects of mechanical and thermo-mechanical loads, to reduce the degradation of electrical Security features in the course of its operation, the possibility of the use of large-sized solar cells on curved surfaces, simplification of the switching system and reducing the weight of the Security Council, to secure its protection from mechanical damage during manufacture and operation of the ground, in a uniform distribution of weight on the SB frame surface, and in improving the reliability of operation of the Security Council under the vacuum of space is not found in literature.

Thus, according to the authors, the proposed Security Council meets the criterion of "inventive step".

	1-3 schematically shows the proposed structure SB situated on the flat surface of the carcass and consisting of one frame, the surface of which a stencil (template) 2 pasted elastics restricting spreading of the adhesive composition (sealant) 3 which is attached via elektrogeneriruyushchaya part (units) Sa to the frame 1, and ensure a predetermined gap between the back side of the solar cell 4 and the frame 1. SE 4 are connected to each other via switching tires thermomechanical compensators 5 6. The front surface of each solar cell 4 is pasted protective glass plate 7. On the back side of a solar cell solder 4 (welded) shunt (bypass) diode 8.

An example of a specific implementation of the proposed Security Council

Proposed Sa includes upper and lower cylindrical body 1 of 900 mm diameter and a length of 605 and 710 mm, respectively. The upper frame 1 is covered with a lid, which has a central opening with a diameter of 320 mm. On the cylindrical surface of each frame 16, one set of solar cell modules 4. In addition, the top frame cover plate 3 is set one module. Each module uses SE 200 microns thick and 23 × 43,4 mm. FE 4 connected in series with one another via switching molybdenum tire 5 50 microns thick, having a special multi-layer coating, providing a low resistance to the passage of current. Molybdenum switching bus 5 welded or soldered to the contacts 4. Switching SE tires have thermo compensators 5 6 S-shape arranged between the rear surface of the solar cell 4 and the frame 1. To the front surface of each solar cell 4 is adhered protective glass plate 7. The chain of series-connected solar cell 4 glued to the protective glass plate 7 is placed in a special device to provide the desired size of the module, and the gaps between the solar cells 4. at the front of the protective glass plate 7 is glued special material (eg cloth glued gasket, GOST 25.441-82) do not allow you to specify the dimensions of change modules - dimensions SE 4.

On the cylindrical surface of the frame 1 on the stencil (pattern) glued elastic elements 2 under each solar cell 4 and the inner cavity of adhesive composition is filled (hermetic) 3 to form a convex meniscus. The modules are pressed to the elastic members 2 and fixed weights in position until cured adhesive 3. As the adhesive sealant used three ultraviolet 7-21.

CLAIM

Solar battery containing panels glued on them modules consisting of series or series-parallel connected via switching tires solar cells, wherein the switching tires fitted thermomechanical compensators and to the front surface of each solar cell is adhered a protective glass plate, characterized in that the solar battery comprising pasted to a flat or curved surface of the frame having a predetermined shape and size of the elastic members, the inner volume of which is filled with a sealant forming a convex meniscus, the solar cells are pressed to the elastic members and fixed to them, moreover, switching bus thermomechanical compensator and shunt diodes are welded or soldered to the back contact solar cells in the zones free of sealant, and the thermo-mechanical expansion joints are located between the rear side of the solar cells and the supporting surface of the carcass and in areas free of sealant.

print version
Publication date 03.02.2007gg

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