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INVENTION
Patent of the Russian Federation RU2222755
HELIUM ENERGY INSTALLATION
The name of the inventor: Alekseev VA; Anisimova SS; Shadrin V.I.
The name of the patent holder: State Unitary Enterprise "NPO Astrofizika"
Address for correspondence: 125424, Moscow, Volokolamskoye sh., 95, GUP "NPO Astrofizika"
Date of commencement of the patent: 2002.05.17
The invention relates to solar energy and can be used in solar power plants for the conversion of solar energy into electrical energy, and in addition can be used as an energy installation for individual use. According to the invention, in a solar power plant comprising a supporting structure with a parabolic cylindrical concentrator fixed thereon made of a set of flat mirror facets connected to the output of a solar tracking unit and an extended photoelectric converter arranged along the focal line of a parabolic cylindrical concentrator on a supporting structure behind a parabolic-cylindrical The concentrator is coaxially mounted with an elliptical reflector, one focus of which is aligned with the focus of a parabolic cylindrical concentrator whose second focus is a photoelectric sensor whose output is connected to the input of the solar tracking unit and from the rear side of each mirror facet on its longitudinal axis perpendicular to its surface is set The flat reflective element facing the elliptical reflector. With the help of the invention, a technical result is achieved, which is to increase the accuracy and reliability of directing the solar energy installation on the Sun.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to solar energy and can be used in solar power plants for the conversion of solar energy into electrical energy, and can also be used as an energy installation for individual use.
There are known solar installations containing various concentrators with curvilinear generators optically conjugated to the receiving surface of solar energy absorbers [1], [2] and [3].
A disadvantage of such devices is the uneven distribution of concentrated solar radiation on the receiving surface of the absorbers, which is particularly critical if a photovoltaic converter is used as the solar radiation receiver.
The closest in terms of technical essence to the proposed invention selected by the authors for the prototype is a solar power plant containing a supporting structure with a parabolic cylindrical concentrator fixed to it, made of a set of flat mirror facets connected to the output of the solar tracking unit, and an extended photoelectric converter Focal line of a parabolic-cylindrical concentrator [4].
In this solar energy installation, solar radiation from flat mirror facets, forming a parabolic-cylindrical concentrator, falls on an extended photoelectric converter. Each facet gives a uniform illumination of the extended photoelectric converter, so the concentrated radiation coming to the extended photoelectric converter from all the facets, and will be uniform.
The disadvantage of such a solar power plant is the dependence of the accuracy of guidance on the Sun on the accuracy of mutual alignment of the axis of sight of the parabolic concentrator and the axis of sight of the photoelectric sensor entering the tracking loop of the Sun.
With the help of the proposed invention, a technical result is achieved, which is to increase the accuracy and reliability of the helio-energy installation on the Sun.
In accordance with the proposed invention, the technical result is achieved in that in a solar power plant comprising a supporting structure with a parabolic cylindrical concentrator fixed to it, made of a set of flat mirror facets connected to the output of a solar tracking unit and an extended photoelectric converter arranged along a focal line of a parabolic-cylindrical Concentrator, a elliptical reflector is mounted coaxially on the supporting structure behind the parabolic cylindrical concentrator, one focus of which is combined with the focus of a parabolic cylindrical concentrator whose second focus is a photoelectric sensor whose output is connected to the input of the solar tracking unit, and on the rear side of each of the mirror facets on Its longitudinal axis perpendicular to its surface is installed a flat reflective element facing the elliptical reflector.
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1 schematically shows a general view of a solar power plant.
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the path of the rays through the optical elements when the solar energy unit is guided to the Sun.
The solar energy plant contains a supporting structure 1 on which a parabolic cylindrical concentrator 2 is fixed, made of a set of flat mirror facets 3. A long photoelectric transducer 4 is arranged along the focal line of the parabolic cylindrical concentrator 2. The support structure 1 is connected to the output of the tracking unit for the Sun 5. On the supporting structure 1 A parabolic cylindrical concentrator 2 is coaxially aligned with an elliptical reflector 6, one focus of which is aligned with the focus of the parabolic cylindrical concentrator 2, and a photoelectric sensor 7 is installed in the second focus, the output of which is connected to the input of the solar tracking unit 5.
The proposed solar power plant works as follows.
The solar tracking unit 5 carries out a preliminary orientation of the supporting structure 1 with the parabolic cylinder concentrator 2 installed on it by a signal coming from the centralized control device (not shown) and determined by the height of the Sun standing above the horizon at a given moment of time at a given latitude.
The solar path through the optical elements of the solar power plant is shown in FIG.
If the axis of sight of the OO of the parabolic-cylindrical concentrator 2 coincides with the direction to the Sun, the sun's rays AA, reflecting from the flat mirror facets 3 installed along tangent parabolic cylindrical concentrator 2 (rays AB), enter the focus F 1 of this parabolic-cylindrical concentrator 2, Extended photoelectric converter 4.
On the rear side of each of the flat mirror facets 3 on its longitudinal axis perpendicular to its surface is installed a flat reflective element 8 facing the elliptical reflector 6. A part of the sun rays AA passes through a window made in a flat mirror facet 3, falls on a flat reflecting element 8, is reflected From it (the rays of the AU) and falls on the elliptical reflector 6.
It is easy to show that the rays AB and the rays of the AS lie on the same straight line, since they are obtained by reflecting the same beam of rays AA from two mutually perpendicular planes (the plane NN of the reflecting element 8 is perpendicular to the plane HH of the mirror facet 3).
If the beams AB enter the point F 1 , the point at which the focus of the parabolic cylindrical concentrator 2 is aligned and the first focus of the elliptical reflector 6, the beams of the AC, reflected from the elliptical reflector 6, will fall into the second focus F 2 of the elliptical reflector 6 in which the photoelectric sensor 7.
Thus, in the proposed solar power plant, the optical interface of the receiving areas of the extended photoelectric transducer 4 and the photoelectric sensor 7 is carried out, and the position of the light beam at the receiving area of the photoelectric sensor 7 corresponds to the position of this beam at the receiving site of the photoelectric transducer 4.
If the axis of sight of the OO of the parabolic-cylindrical concentrator 2 does not coincide with the direction to the Sun, the center of the light beam shifts relative to the center of the receiving areas of the photoelectric sensor 7 and the photoelectric converter 4. The photoelectric sensor 7 will generate a mismatch signal proportional to the displacement value that will arrive at the input of the solar tracking unit 5. The drive of the solar tracking unit 5 will rotate on the corner of the place of the supporting structure 1 with the parabolic cylindrical concentrator 2 installed on it until the GS axis of sight is aligned with the direction to the Sun.
In the proposed solar energy installation, in contrast to the known basic light, the beam and the light beam used in the photoelectric sensor of the guidance loop to form a mismatch signal pass through common optical elements, so the error in the aiming of the solar energy installation on the Sun does not include the error of mutual alignment of the optical paths of the main and control Signals.
As shown by experimental data, in the known solar energy system, the magnitude of the error of mutual juxtaposition of the axes of the main channel (parabolic-cylindrical concentrator) and the channel of the guidance loop (photoelectric sensor) depends on the meteorological conditions and can reach several angular minutes.
In the proposed solar energy installation, there is no such component of the guidance error.
At present, based on the materials of the application, a prototype of a solar power plant has been manufactured and its full-scale tests are being carried out at a testing range in the village of Gribanovo, Moscow Region.
INFORMATION SOURCES
1. Ac. 1545040, Russia, IPC F 24 J 2/12.
2. Pat. 5655515, USA, IPC F 24 J 2/38.
3. Application 19546913, Germany, IPC F 24 J 2/14, F 24 J 2/12.
4. A.Z. 2000121364/06, Russia, IPC F 24 J 2/14, 2/42 - prototype.
CLAIM
The solar power plant comprising a supporting structure with a parabolic cylindrical concentrator fixed to it, made of a set of flat mirror facets connected to the output of a solar tracking unit, and an extended photoelectric converter disposed along the focal line of a parabolic cylindrical concentrator, characterized in that on a supporting structure behind a parabolic cylindrical concentrator It is coaxially mounted with an elliptical reflector, one focus of which is aligned with the focus of a parabolic cylindrical concentrator whose second focus is a photoelectric sensor whose output is connected to the input of the solar tracking unit, and on the rear side of each mirror facet on its longitudinal axis perpendicular to its surface there is an inverted To the elliptical reflector is a planar reflecting element.
print version
Date of publication 03.02.2007gg
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