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INVENTION
Russian Federation Patent RU2169859
PERSONAL VORTEX POWER PLANT
Name of the inventor: Alexander A. Solovyov; Pavlovsky Konstantin Petrovich
The name of the patentee: Alexander A. Solovyov; Pavlovsky Konstantin Petrovich
Address for correspondence: 107589, Moscow, ul. Khabarovsk, 22, building 2, kv.180, A.A.Solovevu
Starting date of the patent: 1999.04.02
The plant is designed to produce energy from the air flow. The installation comprises a stacked solar collectors greenhouse type with lateral (tangential) zavihriteljami-rails and vertical outlet pipe to an electric generator. The invention provides an improved performance in the conversion of solar energy into the vortex of air masses.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to a plant for producing mechanical or electric energy from the air flow, in particular to installations with an artificial source of eddy currents, formed under the influence of the thermal component of the solar radiation. With these settings you can produce electrical energy in areas with solar radiation, in which there is no possibility of a personal energy for domestic purposes by traditional methods (diesel power plants, small hydropower plants, wind energy, photovoltaics, etc.).
Known apparatus for producing electricity from the flow of convective air, designed as a terrestrial solar collector with a vertical pipe and a turbine for converting the kinetic energy of the upward flow into electrical energy [1]. A collector tube for concentrating the greenhouse air flows collected from a large area. The stream generated by heating the air inside the sun collector, created by the horizontal temperature difference inside and outside the reservoir. Air masses thanks to the vertical pressure gradient move in the direction of the pipe, which stands in the center of the collector. Towards the moving mass of air in the pipe is installed turbine rotor which is in contact with the flow comes to rotate in the magnetic field of the stator, whereby electric power generated in the armature windings. Thus, by using this installation is carried out conversion of solar energy into the energy flow and then into electrical energy.
The disadvantage of this installation is relatively large, and therefore, a large floor space. For intense free-convection currents, which are able to create speed, stable rotating turbines with a capacity of 20 W to 1 m, it is necessary to accumulate solar energy with an average area of 200 m 2. In such an arrangement, compared with wind power plants, fail to achieve a significant increase in the efficiency of conversion of solar energy into motion and hydro electricity. The increase efficiencies can be obtained at the expense of increase temperature difference between the solar collector and the ambient atmosphere, with an increase in the height of the tube or extension of the area occupied by the collector, it is technically difficult to achieve the most powerful power plants.
The closest to the proposed plant is to produce electrical energy from the rotating convective flows containing ground solar collector with tangential guides on its periphery, an outlet pipe, installed in the center, and a turbine for converting kinetic energy into electrical energy [2]. Due to the temperature difference, which is created by heating the air in the solar radiation collector, the pressure gradient formed by directing a manifold air mass in the environment are manifold. The air that enters the collector, and then via outlet pipe guide tangential acquires angular momentum. The energy of the rotating flow generated by the action of solar radiation is then converted into electricity.
The disadvantage of this installation, despite the creation of the rotation, additional to the once-through flow is low efficiency of conversion of solar energy into mechanical energy, for the following reasons. Outlet pipe contains a number of obstacles, creating drag upward air flow, such as air dryers, nozzles for combustion of the fuel, the lower fans. The flow in the outlet pipe is a rotating but not vortex. For such a flow is not the condition rot 
( 
- Speed), and its speed close to the speed of direct-flow freely convective flows. The conversion efficiency of solar energy into mechanical energy for rotating vortex-free flow, in which only a proportion redistributed velocity components remains the same as that in the case of the continuous-flow stream.
Object of the invention is to increase the energy efficiency of solar energy conversion into kinetic energy of the process air stream. The technical result is achieved by the device for converting solar energy into mechanical or electrical energy, comprising a transmissive sunlight Ground collector with tangential guides, connected to the vertical output tube, and wind wheel connected with an electric generator of the turbine rotor is equipped with additional solar collector upper tier smaller area defined on its periphery tangential runners.
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Positive effect arises, firstly, by creating additional angular momentum of the air mass flowing into an outlet pipe and, secondly, due to the formation of the terrestrial solar collector temperature and the horizontal shift speed zone. At the border area of abrupt speed changes is the development of hydrodynamic instabilities, which are a source of vortex motion rotating in the outlet pipe flow. Be concentrated in the outlet pipe vortex flow has all the features of the natural tornado. Radial velocity profile is characterized by a second additional maximum (Fig. 1) near the periphery of the outlet pipe wall. The ring system is formed area Ð the high intensity of the secondary vortex filaments (Fig. 2). The air flow rate through the turbine is enhanced in proportion to the number, size and angular velocity of the secondary vortices. FIG. 3 shows a diagram of a personal vortex power plant. It comprises a coaxial bottom solar collector (ground) and the upper one (additional) Stage 2, outlet pipe 3 mounted in the upper center of the collector, the collectors tangential guides 4, 5 wind wheel, an electric generator 6. The upper surface of reservoir 9 passes solar radiation 7 and the lower 8 opaque to the passage of the solar radiation. |
The device operates as follows. Under the influence of solar radiation collectors in temperature due to the greenhouse effect than the ambient temperature. Horizontal temperature difference creates a pressure drop shrinking inwardly whereby the outside air through the ground and moves to an additional collector outlet tube. Air masses that have passed tangential guide additional collector, entering the outlet pipe, designed to increase the flow through the ground collector angular momentum and increase the total flow and the air velocity in the outlet pipe. The ground collector its central part is covered to pass the infrared component of sunlight. Therefore, there is formed a region horizontal inhomogeneity of the temperature, which is another source of growth in the output flow rate of the pipe. In the transition from central darkened and therefore colder areas to be illuminated with warm annular region formed temperature thermocline. Spiral moving the manifold air mass entering the jump area, acquiring speed shift, which due to hydrodynamic instability secondary vortices are formed. They make portable rotation around the axis of the reservoir and through the vertical pressure gradient and the effect of buoyancy tightened into the pipe. The tube is formed Ð the, which is a quasi-solid rotation of the central and peripheral vortex flow in the ring near the walls of the outlet pipe. An annular vortex flow, consisting of a system of intensive secondary vortices when they interact with the wind wheel, enhances its rotation is transmitted to the rotor of the turbine generator of electric current.
Allowed installation execution on a small scale for personal use with collapsible system designs. The construction of solar collector may, for example, have the form of circular segments, mating with each other. Installation personal use in assembled form is placed in an ordinary carrying case.
INFORMATION SOURCES
1. Shekriladze IG Sunny Wind. - M .: Energia, 1988, N 6, c. 12, 13.
2. GB 2,081,390 A, cl. F 03 G 7/04, 17. 02. 1982.
CLAIM
Personal vortex power plant, comprising terrestrial solar collector with tangential guides arranged along the periphery of the manifold, an outlet pipe mounted vertically in the collector center, and a turbine to convert kinetic flow energy into mechanical or electrical energy, characterized in that it is provided with additional having smaller transverse dimensions, the upper tier solar collector with tangential guide circumferentially collector connected coaxially with the outlet pipe and the collector surface.
print version
Publication date 13.02.2007gg
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