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INVENTION
Patent of the Russian Federation RU2027119
THERMAL ENERGY BATTERY
The name of the inventor: Airapetyan Simon Apresovich; Zakaryan Gegham Ashotovich
The name of the patent holder: Hayrapetyan Simon Apresovich; Zakaryan Gegham Ashotovich
Address for correspondence:
The effective date of the patent: 1992.07.27
Usage: with the accumulation of heat used for heating, hot water, electricity. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: The heat accumulator comprises a reservoir 1 filled in bulk with a solid storage medium 3, which can be selected as rock, incombustible solid waste, mining mining, and a heat exchanger 2 connected by a discharge side to a solar energy source 5, and a discharge Side - to the steam power part of solar electricity. In this case, the discharge side of the heat exchanger is further formed by a heater filled with a heat carrier in the accumulating medium.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to heat storage and can be used to generate electricity, hot water, heating, etc.
Thermal energy accumulators with underground storage tanks are known, for example, in salt cavities, which are practically hermetic and can be used for accumulation of compressed air without lining [1].
Solar energy accumulators are known, the reservoir of which is a cavity in rocky rocks containing 100 thousand cubic meters of water, having an annular shape and not heat-insulated. The layers of rock adjacent to the cavity take part in the thermal accumulation of energy [2].
There are also known accumulators with a solid storage medium in the form of nozzles (matrices) through which two gas streams pass and wash alternately. The nozzles are arranged in a staggered or honeycomb pattern [3].
The closest technical solution is a thermal battery of a solar installation at 10 MW in Barstow (USA). The accumulating tank is made in the form of a cylindrical vessel with a volume of 3058 m 3 , the storage medium is made of granite crushed rock in an amount of 6,100 tons, and as a coolant, an oil of 712 m 3 is used . The battery vessel is charged with a steaming steam at a temperature of 510 ° C, which is then cooled to 348 ° C, the condensate leaves the system at 226 ° C. In the discharge mode, the feed water at a temperature of 127 ° C enters a discharge heat exchanger where a slightly superheated vapor is formed at a temperature 277 ° C and a pressure of 2.7 MPa, which is directed to the turbine [4].
The disadvantage of this station is that it can not work as a seasonal battery, in addition, this type of battery requires a large amount of oil as a coolant.
The present invention solves the problem of creating a thermal energy accumulator using cheap solid accumulating materials capable of giving off heat for a long time.
This is achieved by the fact that in a thermal energy accumulator containing a reservoir filled with a stack of heat-accumulating material, which can be used as rock rocks, incombustible solid waste, overburden mining, and a heat exchanger connected by the charging side to the solar collectors, and a discharge Side - to the steam power part of the solar power plant, according to the invention, the discharge side of the heat exchanger contains an additional heater placed in the heat storage material, and a cavity in the ground is used as the reservoir.
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1 shows a general view of the battery; FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a power plant operating on a solar battery.
The thermal energy accumulator consists of a reservoir 1, which uses natural cavities in the soil, artificial trenches, abandoned quarries, etc. A heat exchanger 2 is installed in the tank 1, for example, in the form of a spiral pipeline filled with mineral or synthetic oil as a coolant. Tank 1 is filled with solid storage material 3, which uses granite, basalt, tuff and other waste from the stone-mining and manufacturing industries, broken bricks, broken glass and any other non-combustible industrial waste, as well as overburden from the mining industry. The walls 4 of the reservoir 1 can not be concreted and not insulated. The heat exchanger 2 is connected to an energy source, in particular to solar collectors 5.
The work of a thermal energy accumulator is shown in the example of a solar power station
The heat exchanger 2 of the charging circuit 6 passing through the solid storage material 3 is connected to the solar collectors 5. The discharge circuit 7 and passing through the storage material 3 is connected in series to the superheater units 8, the evaporator 9, the economizer 10. The superheater unit 8 is connected to the steam turbine 11 , The rotation of which by means of the generator 12 is converted into electrical energy. A condensation unit 13 connected to the turbine 11 connected through the deaerator 14 to the economizer 10 is connected.
STATION WORKS AS FOLLOWING
The solar energy absorbed by the parabolic concentrators 5 passes through the heat exchanger 2 of the charging circuit 6 to the accumulating material 3, heating it. The temperature of the oil in the heat exchanger 2 reaches 250-300 o M. In regions with a high daily intake of total solar radiation, for example, in Yerevan, the duration of sunshine is over 2700 s per year, which provides seasonal accumulation of energy in a considerable volume of solid Material. The table gives data on the heat-storage properties of some materials.
During the season, the temperature of the accumulating material reaches 300 ° C, and the heat energy from the heat exchange pipe 2 is transmitted throughout the volume of the reservoir 1 by the accumulating material 3 itself, i.e. the coolant itself is in this case the solid material itself. Calculations show that for the seasonal accumulation of a reservoir with a volume of 100,000 m 3, solar concentrators 5 with a total area of 40,000 m 2 are required.
The discharge of the battery is made through the discharge circuit 7 or separately or simultaneously with charging. Feed water with a temperature of about 100 ° C passes through the economizer 10 units, the evaporator 9, the superheater 8, through which the discharge circuit 7 goes in reverse order, reaches the state of an acute vapor with a temperature of up to 300 ° C, and then enters the turbines 11 of the generator 12. The steam cooled to 120 ° C. enters the condenser 13 where it is cooled to 80 ° C. The water from the condenser 13 enters the deaerator 14 where it is purified and returned to the economizer 10 and the cycle is repeated. At the same time, the battery can be used for hot water, heating, etc.
Thus, by accumulating heat energy during the summer (spring-summer-autumn), i.e. In days of high solar radiation, it can be used effectively during the winter season.
CLAIM
THERMAL ENERGY BATTERY containing a tank filled with a loose solid storage medium, which can be chosen as rock, incombustible solid waste, overburden mining, and a heat exchanger connected by the charging side to a source of solar energy, and the discharge side to the steam power part Of a solar power plant, and a heat carrier, characterized in that the discharge side of the heat exchanger is further formed by a heater filled with said heat medium in said storage medium, and a cavity in the ground is used as a reservoir.
print version
Published on February 14, 2007
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