| Start of section
Production, amateur Radio amateurs Aircraft model, rocket-model Useful, entertaining |
Stealth Master
Electronics Physics Technologies Inventions |
Secrets of the cosmos
Secrets of the Earth Secrets of the Ocean Tricks Map of section |
  |
| Use of the site materials is allowed subject to the link (for websites - hyperlinks) | |||
Navigation: => |
Home / Patent catalog / Catalog section / Back / |
|
INVENTION
Patent of the Russian Federation RU2117882
AUTOGALLERY INSTALLATION
The name of the inventor: Kuzmenko VV; Dolik Yu.S.
The name of the patent holder: Stavropol State Agricultural Academy
Address for correspondence:
The effective date of the patent: 1995.03.06
The autogalien installation is intended for utilization of solar energy. The autohelion installation contains a solar collector in the form of a cylinder of receivers (1) with a reflector (11) and a mechanism for their orientation to the sun with a drive. The orientation mechanism includes ratchet wheels (17), spiral (20) and cylindrical (19) springs, fixed (15) and movable (16) stops. All zenithal and azimuthally movable assemblies and components are mounted on a bracket (4) with a counterweight (36). The drive contains a tank (23) with a drain (24) and a drain lock (25). The container (23) is arranged to be filled with liquid from a stationary reservoir (29) with a calibrated nozzle (30) and a measuring cup (31). The container (23) is suspended on a cable (22), wound and fastened on the pulley axis of the bracket (4). The invention makes it possible to increase the efficiency of the solar power plant due to the automatic orientation of its components.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to solar engineering, in particular to solar installations and can be used in all sectors of the economy in which, according to climatic conditions, there is an economic expediency of utilizing solar energy with the help of stationary solar collectors.
A significant number of solar plants are known, containing a solar collector (receiver) with a reflector concentrating on the receiver solar radiation energy, pipelines, fittings, condenser, heat exchanger and other units that provide some form of utilization of the converted solar thermal energy (USSR S 1456715, F 24 J 2/08, 1456716, class F 24 J 2/10, 1474398, class F 24 J 2/42, 1474399, class F 24 J 2/42) .
All known analogs are characterized either by the absence of nodes that provide orientation of the installation to the solar disk, or by providing orientation with engines consuming irreplaceable energy and having a complex device.
The prototype of the proposed invention can be a solar installation containing tube radiant energy receivers with flat reflectors arranged on the frame, formed by a flexible band wrapped in a load and alternately enveloping the receivers and support rods, the orientation of this system being provided in the zenith by the actuator changing the position of the carcass with respect to the sun To the base frame of the solar power plant ( Authorship of the USSR USSR No. 1474396, class F 24 J 2/38, 2/06) .
The main drawbacks of the prototype are the use of the drive by irreplaceable energy, provision of orientation only in the zenith direction and the complexity of the drive device, which for this reason is only declared, but not defined, nor is the principle of its supporting reactions determined.
The aim of the proposed invention is to increase the efficiency of the solar power plant by automatically orienting its nodes in the sun without the use of irreplaceable energy.
The goal is achieved by using a precision-increasing or decreasing liquid load and a ratchet mechanism with spiral and coil springs.
 |
 |
FIG. 1 shows a diagram of a profile view of an autogelio installation with partial cross-sections in the profile plane; In Fig. 2 - diagram of the vertical section of the ratchet mechanism; In Fig. 3 - the principal plan for engaging the ratchet mechanism.
The proposed autogelio installation contains a solar collector in the form of a cylinder of receivers 1 communicating with the upper tank 2 and the lower tank 3 fixed in the bracket 4. The lower head of the bracket 4 has an axis 5 (normal to the plane of Fig. 1) rotating in the bearings 6 of the racks 7.
On the axial line of the cylinder of the receivers 1 there are hot water nozzles 8, a pair 9 and cold water 10, relative to which the reflector 11 (depicted conditionally) and the ratchet gear 12 rotate. Between the reflector 11 and the ratchet gear 12 is located a coil spring 13 fixed by the inner end to the branch pipe 10, and the outer end to the shell 14 of the reflector 11. The shell 14 has an abutment 15 abutting the movable (recessed) stop 16 disposed on the ratchet gear 12 and having a duplicate spaced 180 ° along the circumference of the gear 12.
The gear 12 enters a special ratchet engagement with the ratchet wheels 17, which are the same, but are located opposite to each other. The parasitic gear 18 serves to evenly distribute the forces in this ratchet mechanism. The wheels 17 do not rotate but are able to slide axially along the bearing housings 6 and the gears 12, 18 by the coil springs 19. The shaft 5 is fastened to the inner ends of the coil springs 20 whose outer ends are fixed to the bearing housings 6 and is located on the terrain along the line East-west, one half of which is hollow (western, in Figure 1), and the second half carries a rigidly set pulley 21 on which a cable 22 holding a container 23 having a floating drain 24 and a latch 25 is fixed and wound.
The steam pipe 9 of the heat insulated flexible hose 26 is connected to the heat exchanger 27, from where the cooled condensate enters through the valve 28 into the reservoir 29 with a calibrated nozzle 30 having a receiving cup 31 of design capacity. The cold water reservoir 32 is connected to the reservoir 29 by a conduit 33, and to the hollow part of the axis 5 by a conduit 34 via a stuffing box 35.
The movable part of the installation, supported by the shaft 5, is counterbalanced by the counterweight 36. The wedge 37 located on the east post 7 serves to place the abutment 16 on the gear 12.
The proposed autogelio installation works as follows. In the morning, by the sunrise, the cylinder of receivers 1 is located vertically, the reflector 11 is directed to the east, the capacity 23 is in the upper position, in the heat exchanger 27 there is condensate accumulated in the second half of the previous day. The operator opens the valve 28 and the condensate begins to flow through the pipe 30 into the tank 23, filling the graduated cup 31 to create a constant pressure of the jet, since after filling the measuring cup 31, excess liquid through the pipeline 33 flows into the stationary tank 32. The container 23 gradually becomes heavier from the incoming Into it liquids and disturbs the equilibrium of the system, starting to tilt the moving part of the installation in the meridian plane passing through the point of the apogee of the sun. In this case, the rays of the rising sun are always perpendicular to the half-cylinder of the receivers 1. Simultaneously, the gear 12, rolling along the east wheel 17 (and repelling the western wheel 17), rotates the reflector 11 in the azimuth direction, keeping its orientation on the solar disk.
The system is designed so that when the sun reaches a point of apogee, the bracket 4 and the container 23 reach an extreme position at which the armature located on them closes the valve 28 and includes a drain 24, which by this time was in the latch 25, as it floated up as the container was filled.
As a result of these switches, the container 23 is gradually released from the liquid that merges into the reservoir 32 and the backward movement of the bracket 4 to its original position by untwisting the coil springs 20. In this case, the gear 12 rolls along the western wheel 17, pushing away the east wheel, i.e. The pinion 12 continues to rotate clockwise when viewed from above, without stopping the azimuth orientation of the reflector 11 on the descending sun until it turns the reflector 11 to the west. In this case, the wedge 37 finally drowns the stop 16 on the gear 12, the stop 15 on the shell 14 of the reflector 11, is freed and the spring 13 returns the reflector 11 from its original position, ie it will turn it to the east, ending the day cycle of the installation. The drain 24 is then switched off from the landing to the bottom of the container 23.
In the first half of the day, the steam produced in the tank 2 enters the heat exchanger 27, replenishing with a condensate the loading system of the tank 23. In the second half of the day, the condensate formed goes into the reserve to ensure the next cycle of work.
Since the sun located low above the horizon gives an insignificant amount of radiant energy, the periodic adjustment of the zenithal movement of the cylinder of receivers 1 with the reflector 11, depending on the change in the angle of the apogee of the sun above the horizontal, can be effected by violating the verticality of the receiver cylinder 1 during the initial time of the day cycle, Vertical position, for example, only for the periods of the spring and autumn equinox.
For a more accurate azimuthal direction, the most suitable working section of the characteristics of the coil springs 20 is selected in the sun of the reflector 11, and the possibility of using a ratchet engagement with the variable radius of the driven wheel 12 is taken into account.
Unlike the prototype, the proposed autohelion installation contains a spring-ratchet mechanism driven by a liquid load of variable magnitude and ensures a constant sun orientation of the half-cylinders of solar energy receivers and solar-reflector receivers rotating relative to the cylinder.
The application of this invention will significantly increase the efficiency of solar installations using fluids, in particular water as a working coolant, due to a more accurate orientation of the receivers and the reflector in the sun without the expense of non-renewable energy.
CLAIM
An autogelio installation comprising a cylinder of receivers with a reflector located on the pillars of the base and a mechanism for their orientation to the sun with a drive, characterized in that the orientation mechanism comprises ratchet wheels, spiral and coil springs, fixed and movable stops, all zenithal and azimuthally movable assemblies and components being mounted On the bracket with a counterweight, and the drive comprises a receptacle with a drain and a drain lock, which is capable of being filled with liquid from a stationary tank with a calibrated nozzle and a measuring cup and suspended on a cable wound and secured to the pulley of the axis of said bracket.
print version
Date of publication 23.12.2006гг
Comments
Commenting on, remember that the content and tone of your message can hurt the feelings of real people, show respect and tolerance to your interlocutors even if you do not share their opinion, your behavior in the conditions of freedom of expression and anonymity provided by the Internet, changes Not only virtual, but also the real world. All comments are hidden from the index, spam is controlled.