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WIND POWER PLANTS. Wind turbines
INVENTION
Patent of the Russian Federation RU2263815

ROTARY MOTOR VEHICLE WITH VERTICAL SHAFT ROTATION

ROTARY MOTOR VEHICLE WITH VERTICAL SHAFT ROTATION

The name of the inventor: Khalyutkin VA (RU); Merzlikin R.Yu.
The name of the patent holder: Federal State Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education Stavropol State Agrarian University
Address for correspondence: 355017, Stavropol, per. Zootechnical, 12, Federal State Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education of Stavropol State University, OIS, Patent Department
Date of commencement of the patent: 2004.04.05

The invention relates to wind turbines, namely wind turbines of a rotary type with a vertical rotation shaft. The technical result that can be obtained with the proposed invention is reduced to increasing the efficiency and increasing the efficiency of the rotor windmill by supplying it with a rigid farm, increasing the accident-free service life by reducing the vibration of the entire structure when using a rigid truss, to the possibility of increasing the power of the rotor windmill with Vertical shaft of rotation due to the increase in the dimensions of the rotor both in diameter and in height, using a rigid truss. A rotary windmill with a vertical rotation shaft consists of a supporting truss consisting of at least three supports; Upper and lower crossbeams connecting the supports into a single rigid structural assembly; Upper and lower support pads with holes in the center, attached to the crossbeams; On the upper and lower support platforms, coaxially with the holes, the upper and lower bearing housings are fixed, in which the upper and lower bearings are located, respectively, at the upper and lower ends of the rotor shaft located inside the support truss between the support platforms with the possibility of rotation; Working organs, blades, made in the form of a part of a hollow sphere or in the form of a hollow cylinder. The supports of the truss are rigidly fixed on the foundation.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to wind turbines, and more particularly to rotor type wind turbines with a vertical rotation shaft.

A twin-rotor type rotor-type windmill with a vertical shaft is known, in which the bearings are located on either side of the rotor. The bearing mounted on the lower end of the shaft is fixed in the truss, and the bearing mounted on the upper end of the shaft is fixed in the cross, from which stretch marks extend to the ground, supporting the entire structure in an upright position (see The Wind Heats the House). 3, p.76-80).

The advantage of this design is the low metal content and ease of manufacture. However, it has significant drawbacks.

1. When the wind force is applied to the rotor, the shaft will bend and, consequently, the static imbalance of the rotor.

2. When the rotor rotates under the influence of wind as a result of deflection of the shaft, a dynamic imbalance arises, the bending shaft is even stronger.

This wind turbine has drawbacks due to the considerable mobility of the cross, in which the upper bearing housing is mounted together with the bearing itself, which entails deformation of the cross itself, bending of the stretch marks under its own weight, deformation of the soil.

The second drawback is connected with the connection of the lower end of the rotor shaft to the working mechanism - the axis of the rotor shaft changes its position in the vibration frequency mode and problems arise even with the use of soft couplings, while additional losses of the windmill power from distortions and friction are relevant.

The third disadvantage is the limitation of the rotor dimensions both in diameter and in height.

As a result of static and dynamic imbalance, the shaft at the junction with the bearing experiences strong alternating loads, which cause the shaft near the bearing to break.

Increasing the strength of the shaft gives a positive effect only for rotor wind turbines of low power with small rotor sizes, and for powerful wind turbines, increasing the shaft strength only aggravates the problem.

And a wind power plant is known, comprising at least one additional wind power unit housed in a housing consisting of at least one upper and one lower horizontal frame evenly spaced along the height of the wind turbine and connected to each other by vertical supports that are rigidly connected by transverse (See RU 2142573 C1, 6 F 03 D 9/02).

The first drawback of this device is that the wind turbines distributed in this way shield each other.

If you install wind farms at considerable distances, then to connect them with the upper and lower horizontal frames loses all meaning. Such wind generators should be autonomous in their design.

The second disadvantage of this device is that the air supply created before the second row of wind turbines reduces the difference in airflow pressures before the first row of wind turbines and behind it, which worsens their operation.

With reference to the specified thermal power station it is necessary to consider only one cell in which the wind power unit is installed. It is installed in a rectangular vertical frame. The axis of the wheel of the wind wheel is fixed at its ends to the upper and lower sides of the rectangular frame. The rectangular frame itself can not be held in an upright position. In the device under consideration, all frames occupy a vertical position only due to their group installation and the connection of rigid transverse links. In order for a separate rectangular frame to occupy a stable position, it must be provided with extensions connected to the ground. However, such a solution does not provide the required rigidity of the structure necessary for the operation of the rotor wind wheel.

The proposed solution to the problem - the rotor should rotate inside a rigid structure in the form of a special farm.

The closest to the claimed invention is a rotor type windmill with a vertical shaft comprising a rotor in which the working members are blades made as a part of a hollow cylinder fixed to a shaft at the ends of which the upper and lower bearings are housed in bearing housings. The housing of the lower bearing is installed in a rigid structure, and the upper bearing housing is fixed in the crosspiece to the ends of which are attached extensions fixed in the ground (Klimov O., Klimov V. Sensation! Rotary, spiral-vortical // Technique for Youth. , Pp.36-37). This wind turbine has all of the above disadvantages.

The proposed invention eliminates all of the above disadvantages.

Disclosure of the Invention.

The technical result that can be obtained with the proposed invention is reduced to increasing the efficiency and increasing the efficiency of the rotor windmill by supplying it with a rigid farm, increasing the accident-free service life by reducing the vibration of the entire structure when using a rigid truss, to the possibility of increasing the power of the rotor windmill with Vertical shaft of rotation due to the increase in the dimensions of the rotor both in diameter and in height, using a rigid truss.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that a rotor windmill with a vertical rotation shaft comprising a rotor in which the working members are blades made as a part of a hollow cylinder or part of a hollow sphere fixed on a shaft at the ends of which the upper and lower bearings in the upper And lower bearing housings is provided with a support truss consisting of at least three supports connected to each other in one rigid structural unit by upper and lower bars to which upper and lower support pads with holes in the center are respectively attached to the support pads coaxially with the holes The upper and lower bearing housings of the upper and lower bearings are fixed in such a way that the rotor with the upper and lower shaft ends with the upper and lower bearings housed therein is mounted in these bearing housings and is located inside the support truss between the support pads with the possibility of rotating it.

ROTARY MOTOR VEHICLE WITH VERTICAL SHAFT ROTATION

The figure shows a rotor windmill with a vertical rotation shaft, the rotor of which is mounted between the supports of the support truss and is secured by the upper and lower ends of the shaft by means of bearings and bearing supports in the respective support areas.

A rotary windmill with a vertical rotation shaft consists of a support truss 1 consisting of at least three supports 2; Upper 3 and lower 4 rungs connecting the supports 2 into a single rigid structural assembly; Top 5 and bottom 6 support pads with holes in the center, attached to the crossbars 3 and 4; On the top 5 and 6 lower bearing pads, coaxially with the holes, the upper 7 and lower 8 bearing housings are mounted in which the upper 9 and lower 10 bearings are positioned respectively on the upper 11 and lower 12 ends of the shaft 13 of the rotor 14 located inside the support truss 1 Between support pads 5 and 6 with the possibility of rotation; 15 - working organs, blades, made in the form of a part of a hollow sphere or in the form of a hollow cylinder. Supports 2 of the truss 1 are rigidly fixed to the foundation 16.

WORKING WIND AS THE FOLLOWING

When the wind is flowing onto the working parts 15, which look like part of a hollow sphere or a hollow cylinder, powerful transverse forces (the Magnus effect) appear, which greatly exceed the force of the direct wind pressure. Under the influence of the force of direct wind pressure and these lateral forces, the rotor 14 rotates by supporting the ends of the vertical shaft 11 and 12 on the upper 9 and lower 10 bearings in the upper 7 and lower 8 bearing housings that are rigidly connected to the top 5 and lower 6 support platforms With holes in the center and aligned with them, connected to the upper 3 and lower 4 rungs, which prevents deformation of the upper and lower support pads 5 and 6, as well as the distortions and clamps of the rotor 14 in the upper and lower bearings 9 and 10, thereby reducing , Loss of energy for friction, which increases the efficiency of the windmill and increases its reliability. The upper 3 and lower 4 crossbars are rigidly connected to the supports 2 and, consequently, to the entire structure of the support truss 1, rigidly attached to the foundation 16, which ensures a reliable fastening of the entire structure to the ground. The rigid connection of the upper 5 and lower 6 support pads, upper 3 and lower 4 bars and supports 2 into a single rigid structural assembly prevents the bending of the vertical shaft 13, which reduces the static and dynamic unbalance of the vertical shaft 13, increasing its service life, and ensures a stable position Its axis in the vibration frequency mode. Thus, the rotor 14 takes a stable position during rotation, and the lower end 12 of the vertical shaft 13 can be connected to any operating mechanism by means of a soft or rigid coupling. The vibrations generated by the dynamic forces during the rotation of the rotor 14 are perceived by the entire support farm 1 and are extinguished, which removes the limitations on the rotor dimensions both in height and in diameter, and this makes it possible to build powerful rotor-type wind turbines.

The advantage of the claimed wind turbine before the prototype is that the support truss 1 provides:

- rigid fixation of the position of the ends of the vertical shaft and damping of vibration of the rotor, caused by dynamic forces during its rotation;

- reduces the loss of mechanical energy of the rotating vertical shaft due to the elimination of distortions, jamming, clamping, increased friction between articulated parts and assemblies and thereby increases the efficiency of the rotor windmill with a vertical rotation shaft and increases its efficiency, i.e. Prolongation of service life;

- rigid fixation of the position of the ends of the vertical shaft of the rotor allows any actuator to be connected to the lower end of the vertical shaft by means of both a rigid and a soft clutch;

- vibration damping by a rigid frame allows to completely avoid emergency situations, to increase the service life of a rotor windmill with a vertical rotation shaft, determined only by the wear of its components and components;

- A rigid support truss removes the limitations on the rotor dimensions both in diameter and height, and therefore, allows the construction of powerful wind power installations of the rotor type, for example, for driving powerful power generators. The metal capacity of the structure due to the supporting farm is increased, but for specific wind turbines the specific metal content will decrease.

Comparative analysis allows us to conclude that, in comparison with the prototype and other considered wind turbines, the claimed rotor windmill with a vertical rotation shaft containing a rigid supporting farm has a number of significant advantages that ensure the reliability of its operation, increase the efficiency of wind energy use, and the possibility Construction of rotor wind turbines with a vertical shaft of rotation of increased power.

Analysis of well-known technical solutions in the investigated area and in adjacent areas allows us to conclude that there are no signs similar to the features of the claimed device performing the same functions.

The economic efficiency of using the claimed device is that:

- reliability of operation and service life of the rotor windmill with vertical rotation shaft increases;

- the efficiency of the use of wind energy is increased;

- it is possible to create a powerful, reliable rotor windmill with a vertical rotation shaft.

CLAIM

A rotary windmill with a vertical rotary shaft, comprising a rotor in which the working members are blades made as a part of a hollow sphere or part of a hollow cylinder fixed to a vertical shaft at the ends of which the upper and lower bearings are located in the upper and lower bearing housings respectively , Characterized in that it is provided with a supporting truss consisting of at least three supports connected to each other in one rigid structural assembly by upper and lower bars, to which the upper and lower support areas with holes in the center are respectively attached, and to the support platforms coaxially with The bearing housings of the upper and lower bearings are fixed with holes in such a way that the rotor with the top and bottom ends of the shaft with the upper and lower bearings placed on them are installed in the bearing housings and placed inside the support truss between the support platforms with the possibility of rotation.

print version
Publication date 31.01.2007gg