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INVENTION
Russian Federation Patent RU2284636
Independent inverters Uninterruptible power supply with an AC generator
Name of the inventor: Dmitriev Vladimir S. (RU); Karpov Sergey Ivanovich (RU); Kurolesov Vladimir Kirillovich (RU); Savchuk Victor D. (RU); Trusov Vladimir (RU)
The name of the patentee: Open Joint Stock Company "State Engineering Design Bureau" Raduga ". AJ them Bereznyak"
Address for correspondence: 141980, Moscow region, Dubna, Str.. Zhukovsky, 2a, JSC "GosMKB" RAINBOW "them. AJ Bereznyak" patent department
Starting date of the patent: 2005.05.05
The invention relates to electrical engineering and can be used in the uninterruptible power supply units used in particular in wind power. The technical result is to expand the range used by unstable sources of electricity capacity and stabilizing the oscillator frequency at varying energies of the wind. In stand-alone inverter uninterruptible power supply unit with the alternator thyristor bridges diagonals DC connected to a DC power source through the power transistor. It additionally introduced a capacitor array circuit with a phase-locked loop network with n parallel connected circuits formed by serial connection of the capacitor and a bi-directional key. The capacity of each condenser i + 1 i is equal to two condenser denomination. The control inputs are connected to the keys the bidirectional binary outputs PLL circuit. The output of the generator coil and capacitor matrix included in the AC diagonal thyristor bridges.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to electrical engineering, more specifically to converting DC to AC predetermined frequency and shape, and can be used in the uninterruptible power supply units used in particular in wind power.
In wind power standalone inverters in conjunction with an alternator assembly form an uninterrupted supply of responsible consumers. In conditions where wind energy is sufficient for the load, network powered generator at the wind energy below the nominal network is connected to the inverter output.
The closest to the proposed technical solution for the functions and structure, taken as a prototype, is a stand-alone inverter - a useful model №15241. Said inverter comprises a bridge thyristor circuit, the diagonal of which AC is loaded on the primary winding of the transformer, an additional thyristor rack included so that the first thyristor desk working bridge they form a bridge with a capacitor to the output diagonal and thyristors of the second pillar of the working bridge shunted by reverse diode, diagonal DC (input) thyristor bridge connected to a DC power source through the transistor. This autonomous inverter together with the alternator may operate only porazdelno in time, as indicated above.
Technical solutions the essential features of the prototype, which coincide with essential features of the proposed technical solutions are:
- A separate thyristor rack;
- The first thyristor bridge, one-hour thyristor which shunted reverse diode, thyristor and a second rack in conjunction with a separate thyristor resistant form of the second thyristor bridge;
- The power transistor, whereby the two bridge diagonals thyristor are connected to a DC constant current source;
- The alternator (when operating in a stand-alone inverter uninterruptible power supply unit).
Porazdelnaya work on the alternator network or the inverter is characterized by the fact that energy is not used small wind, where the generator does not provide the required currents in the network. In addition, for large wind power generator rotation frequency is increased, which leads to an increase in the frequency of the network and the network of stabilization is necessary to introduce additional devices.
The technical problem to be solved by the proposed solution - expanding the range of used capacity of unstable power sources (eg, working winds), and use of the latter and to stabilize the frequency of the generator at varying wind energy. In other words - the expansion of functionality, but also eliminate the need for additional devices.
To solve this technical problem, a stand-alone inverter unit Uninterruptible power supply with an alternator comprising a separate thyristor rack, the first thyristor bridge, one thyristor desk is shunted reverse diode, and the second thyristor stand together with a separate thyristor resistant form of the second thyristor bridge, both thyristor bridge diagonals DC are connected to a source of DC current through the power transistor further comprises a fitted circuit network frequency phase locked capacitor matrix which comprises n parallel-connected circuits formed by the successive capacitor compound and bidirectional key, wherein the rating of the capacitor in i-th circuit is twice par i-capacitor circuit 1, and the control inputs are connected to the keys the bidirectional binary outputs PLL circuit, and the output of the generator winding is included directly in the first diagonal AC thyristor bridge, and capacitor matrix - in the second diagonal AC thyristor bridge.
The distinctive features of the proposed inverter is provided with a phase locked loop network capacitor matrix which comprises n parallel-connected circuits formed by the successive capacitor compound and bidirectional key, wherein the rating of the capacitor in i-th circuit is equal to twice the nominal capacitor i-1 chain, and the control bidirectional input keys connected to the binary outputs of the phase locked loop circuit, the output of the generator winding is included directly in the first diagonal AC thyristor bridge, and capacitor matrix - in the second diagonal AC thyristor bridge.
As a result, the search for sources of patent and scientific and technological information, a set of attributes that characterizes the proposed stand-alone inverter was not detected, thus, the invention meets the criterion of "novelty".
Based on a comparative analysis of the proposed technical solution to the prior art on the sources of scientific-technical and patent literature can be argued that between the set of characteristics, including distinctive, and the functions they perform and achieve goals there is not obvious causal connection. Based on the above it can be concluded that the solution should not be explicitly in the art, and therefore corresponds to patentability criterion "Inventive Level".
Proposed inverter can be used in autonomous power grids with unstable sources such vetroelektrogenerator, the AC commercial power supply. This eliminates the requirement for example, to wind turbines to ensure the constancy of their speed due to the rotation of the blades with great frequency. This function takes the proposed inverter. Thus, the invention meets the criterion of "industrial applicability".
The invention is illustrated by a drawing, on which are marked: thyristor bridge circuit 1, the load (generator coil) 2, switching transistor 3, stand 4 series-connected thyristors, to shunt reverse diode, a separate thyristor rack 5 with series-connected thyristors, forming a second thyristor resistant bridge 1 second thyristor bridge 7, capacitive (capacitor) matrix 6. The circuit phase-locked loop PLL is not shown.
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The thyristor output diagonal of the bridge circuit 1 connected to the load (generator coil) 2. Input diagonal circuit 1 is connected to a source of direct current through the switching transistor 3. Stand with 4 diodes VD1 and VD2 connected parallel thyristor bridge 1 and the middle point of the rack 4 is connected to the first point of the output of the bridge diagonal thyristor 1. The second point of the output of the bridge diagonal thyristor 1 is connected to a midpoint thyristor rack 5 via a capacitive matrix 6. Capacitive matrix 6 is made of n parallel circuits, each of which is a series connection of capacitor C i, and bi-triac key Vci. The capacity of each condenser i + 1 i is equal to two condenser denomination. Thus, the capacitance matrix is selected in the code 1-2-4-8 .... Proposed power inverter circuit controls the well-known scheme of phase-locked loop (PLL). Typically, a PLL includes in its composition an oscillator, phase rectifier with a filter and a frequency generator, a voltage controlled. Phase rectifier performs frequency comparison function of the master oscillator frequency and voltage of the inverter load. |
If the load of the inverter is active-inductive load with protivoe.d.s., The load voltage frequency will be determined by the proposed inverter status capacitive matrix 6 and EMF load 2.
Let's show it. For this, consider switching processes in the scheme for the three load conditions with protivoe.d.s. - Electric alternating current machine.
Mode 1. The electrical machine is a generator (this corresponds to the condition when power is a renewable energy source more power consumed from the network).
In this mode, VT1 is closed and thyristor bridge 1, a thyristor and rack 5 with 6 capacitor matrix and inverse diodes rack 4 are disconnected from the battery.
Thyristors VS2 and VS4 are included. Then the electric machine, in addition to powering the network, a waste of energy and recharge the capacitive matrix 6 on the circuit: in one direction - the beginning of winding H capacitor, bidirectional key VCI, diode VD3, VS2, By the end of the winding; in the other direction - By the end of the winding, VS4, VD4, bidirectional key VCI, Ci capacitor start winding. This shows that in this mode, the parallel network connected capacitor array 6, which serves as a variable reactive load. Regulation is carried out bidirectional switching VCi keys. For the number of capacitors we have 2 n n is the number of stages of the reactive load. If the signal from the phase rectifier to convert to binary code and this code to manage keys capacitor array 6, the capacitor bank will act as a voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO PLL) as the parallel connection of capacitors to the network changes the angle between current and voltage, that It affects the shaft torque of the electric machine of alternating current, which in turn affects the speed of rotation of the machine shaft, which defines the system frequency.
Thus, it is shown that the capacitive switching matrix 6 plays the role of voltage-controlled oscillator. Driving the PLL with the function of the mains frequency stabilizer.
Mode 2. The machine is in a mode transition from the generator to the engine, and vice versa.
In this mode, the renewable power network is the nominal average power, but because of the unsteadiness of the oscillation frequency energy is voltage.
Mode, when the mains frequency is greater than the nominal, discussed above. Consider reduction mode network frequency. In this case the generator power (the power of the electric machine) is not enough to feed the network. For this case, the missing energy will be consumed from the DC source. In this case the transistor VT1 starts to be switched to the master oscillator frequency and the circuit operates as a conventional inverter circuit (circuit prototype). Additionally, depending on the network status of the PLL circuit reduces the capacitance value of the capacitive matrix 6 to a level that ensures locking thyristors VS1 and VS3. switching process in this mode is on VS1 circuit load, VS4, VT1 transition to VS5 chain Ci capacitor load, VS4, VT1 in one direction and VS2, load, VS3, VT1 transition to VS2 circuit load capacitor Ci , VS6, VT1 in the other direction. The transition from one mode to another is likely to delay by a half period of mains voltage.
3 mode. Power source of renewable energy (the power of the electric machine) significantly lower power consumption of the network.
This winding machine disconnected from the inverter and the inverter network feeds only by working as an inverter prototype. Thus, it is shown that by controlling the capacitor array 6 with phase-locked loop circuit with the inverter proposed in the resistive-inductive load with protivoe.d.s. You can achieve stabilization of the mains frequency.
In fact it proposed four-quadrant inverter that provides the electric machine in all its modes without interrupting the current, which is very important for a network of responsible consumers.
CLAIM
Stand-alone inverter unit Uninterruptible power supply with an alternator comprising a separate thyristor rack, the first thyristor bridge, one thyristor desk is shunted reverse diode, and the second thyristor stand together with a separate thyristor resistant form of the second thyristor bridge, both thyristor bridge diagonals DC connected a source of direct current through the power transistor, characterized in that it comprises a fitted circuit network frequency phase locked capacitor matrix which comprises n parallel-connected circuits formed by the successive capacitor compound and bidirectional key, wherein the capacitance of each i + 1 of the capacitor is equal to two denominations i capacitor, and the control inputs are connected to the keys the bidirectional binary outputs PLL circuit, the output of the generator winding is included directly in the first diagonal AC thyristor bridge, and a capacitor array in a second diagonal AC thyristor bridge.
print version
Publication date 02.02.2007gg
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