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INVENTION
Patent of the Russian Federation RU2013648
WIND MOTOR WITH VERTICAL AXIS OF ROTATION
The name of the inventor: Vadim Fedorovich Koposov
The name of the patent holder: Vadim Fedorovich Koposov
Address for correspondence:
Date of commencement of the patent: 1991.06.07
Use: in wind turbines with a vertical axis of rotation, in wind power. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: The wind motor comprises a rotor 1 rotating around a vertical axis 2. Axes 3 are mounted to the rotor on which rotary blades are mounted at an angle 
To the vertical. Each blade is connected by an elastic element - a spring 5 - with the end of the neighboring axis and is rotatable by an angle of v + 90 in one direction with resistance of the elastic elements and by an angle of 90 - v in the opposite direction, in which the elastic elements do not exert resistance to the rotation of the blades.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to the field of energy, in particular to engine designs with an axis of rotation perpendicular to the direction of the wind or the flow of liquid. Wind motors can be used to power electric generators, water pumps, compressors, etc.
Known designs of wind motors with a vertical axis of rotation, in which the rotor blades are able to rotate about their own axis, located perpendicularly, parallel or obliquely to the axis of rotation of the engine. Under the action of the wind, a part of the blades is installed along the direction of the wind, providing it with little resistance, and diametrically arranged blades are installed across the direction of the wind, thereby creating a force that causes the rotation of the rotor of the wind motor. These designs provide the greatest coefficient of wind energy use regardless of the direction of the wind and do not require the orientation of the engine in the direction of the wind or elements guiding the wind jet to the engine blades.
The following structures are known: a primary engine operating from the head of wind and water (Japanese application No. 59-32 661, cl. F 03 D 3/06, F 03 B 7/00, 1985); A wind wheel (US Patent No. 4,408,955, cl. F 03 D 7/06, 1984); A receiver of wind energy with a vertical axis and mobile blades (application France 2,494,781 (AI), cl. F 03 D 3/06, 1982); Wind power plant (UK application, No. 2 119 025, MKI F 03 D 3/00, 1984); Device for the use of wind energy (application of the Federal Republic of Germany No. 32 33 618, cl. F 03 D 3/06, 1984); Wind engine (application PNR No. 265 323, cl. F 03 D, 1989).
General shortcomings of all listed engines, different in design; When the blades move from the horizontal to the vertical position, and vice versa, the blade hits any stop devices, which leads to deformation and premature failure of the blades, as well as to an undesirable noise effect; There is no protection against the destruction of structural elements at high wind strength.
The design of a wind turbine is known, (author's certificate of the USSR No. 136 13 72, cl. F 03 D 3/06, 1986), chosen as a prototype. This windmill with a vertical axis of rotation, containing a rotor, attached to it axes (machi) with rollers, supported by an annular guide, rotary blades mounted on the axes at an angle To the vertical and lowered on the elastic elements (spring shock absorbers), and the stops in the form of cables, preventing the rotation of the blades at an angle greater (In the vertical position) under the influence of wind. Spring-loaded shock absorbers do not resist such a turn, which causes a strong impact of the blades on the cables. Diametrically opposite blades, overcoming the resistance of shock absorbers, are rotated through an angle close to horizontal, ie, to 90 ° - .
Disadvantages of this design: when the blade is occupied by a vertical position, its impact occurs, which leads to the premature destruction of the blades and cables, which are bearing elements for the axes (mahov). This reduces the reliability and durability of the wind turbine. In addition, the impacts create an unwanted noise effect; Diametrically opposed blades can not occupy a horizontal position due to the increasing resistance of the spring shock absorber, which causes undesirable resistance to rotation of the windmill rotor and consequently lowers its efficiency.
The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability and durability of the wind motor, to increase its efficiency, to reduce the noise level and to protect the wind motor from the wind force more than permissible.
These objectives are achieved in that in a known wind motor with a vertical axis of rotation containing the rotor, attached to it axes at which at an angle To the vertical are mounted rotary blades connected to the elastic elements and mounted to rotate by an angle + 90 о in one direction at resistance of elastic elements, and on an angle 90 о - In the opposite direction, in which the elastic elements do not exert resistance to the rotation of the blades.
In the proposed wind motor there are no impact loads, since the blades under the action of the wind, overcoming the resistance of the elastic elements, are able to turn to the vertical position and further to + 90 ° . In addition, when the wind increases above the permissible blade, they turn in the indicated direction by an angle greater than , Which provides the wind motor with a speed of rotation close to the initial, regardless of the increase in wind speed.
Diametrically opposite blades due to the lack of resistance of elastic elements are located almost in a horizontal position, that is, they rotate through an angle of 90 ° - From the starting position, which sharply reduces the resistance to rotation of the rotor of the wind motor and increases its efficiency.
The figure shows a wind motor.
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The wind motor consists of a rotor 1 rotating around a vertical axis 2. Axes 3 are attached to the rotor, on which the blades 4 are rotatably mounted; 4.1; 4.2 and 4.4. Each blade is connected by an elastic element - a spring 5 - with the end of the neighboring axis. In the initial position, the blades 4.2 and 4.4 are rotated through an angle The engine works as follows. With the wind direction indicated in the figure, the blades 4.2, overcoming the resistance of the spring, are set to a position close to the vertical (by an angle of about a magnitude The difference of the wind forces acting on the blade 4.2, which is in a position close to the vertical, and on the diametrically disposed blade 4, which is in a position close to the horizontal, creates a torque of the rotor 1 of the wind motor. |
In the case when the wind force exceeds the permissible value, the spring 5 adjusted for a certain load allows the rotation of the blade 4.3 to be greater by an angle . And the more the force of the wind, the greater the angle turns the blade. As a result, in proportion to the force of the wind, the frontal area of the blade and the angle of attack decrease, which ensures a constant rotational speed of the motor rotor regardless of the increase in wind speed and protects the structure from destruction.
The effectiveness of the design is to increase the reliability and durability of the structural elements, to reduce the noise effect, since the proposed wind motor does not have shock loads. Increases the efficiency of the wind motor, and the motor is protected from wind force more than permissible.
CLAIM
WIND MOTOR WITH VERTICAL AXIS OF ROTATION, containing a vertical rotor with axes mounted on axes at an angle To the vertical, the rotary blades are connected to the elastic members rotatably, characterized in that, in order to increase the efficiency, each rotatable blade is connected by means of an elastic element with the end of the neighboring axis, with the possibility of turning through an angle +90 o in one direction at resistance of elastic elements and at an angle of 90 o - In the opposite direction, in which the elastic elements do not exert resistance to the rotation of the blades.
print version
Date of publication 11.02.2007gg
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