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INVENTION
Patent of the Russian Federation RU2176329
METHOD OF ENERGY TRANSFORMATION
The name of the inventor: Dashkov AN
The name of the patent holder: Dashkov Alexander Nikolaevich; Tararako Vladimir Valerianovich
Address for correspondence: 690035, Vladivostok-35, PO Box 94, Pat. A.G. Ermolinsky
Date of commencement of the patent: 2000.09.04
The invention relates to the electric power industry and can be used in wind and hydropower plants for additional provision of electric power to consumers of alternating current and other types of energy, for example, thermal energy. The technical result, which consists in increasing the efficiency of the power plant, the frequency and / or power on the motor shaft is not constant, is ensured by the fact that in the proposed energy conversion method, in which the shaft is mechanically connected to the rotor of at least one electric generator comprising the n-phase winding of the stator When part of the electric power from the windings is transmitted to the consumer and a part can be converted to another form of energy in the storage device according to the invention in the operation of a non-autonomous power installation comprising at least two generators, the other generator being mechanically connected to the motor shaft and having a different number of winding phases , The supply of electricity to the consumer from the winding of at least one generator is carried out only at a rotor speed corresponding to the frequency of the consumer current being removed from the windings, and stabilization of this rotational speed is effected by switching off or connecting and changing the load to the accumulator simultaneously all phases of at least one generator , Simultaneously connected to the consumer, and / or separate phases of at least one generator disconnected from the consumer.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to the electric power industry and can be used in wind and hydropower plants for additional provision of electric power to consumers of alternating current and other types of energy, for example, thermal energy.
Known methods for converting the energy of a motor to a power plant whose power and / or rotational speed are not constant (in particular, wind turbines), special frequency converters and / or inverters [1] are provided to bring the frequency of the electric current generated by the generator to industrial one, and other additional devices, For example, changing the angle of attack of the wind [2]. However, such additional devices complicate the design and reduce the efficiency of the power plant.
As a prototype, a method for converting the energy of a motor of a wind power plant whose power and / or rotational speed is variable is selected, the shaft being mechanically connected to a rotor of an electric generator comprising an n-phase winding of the stator. According to the method, a part of the electrical energy from the windings is transferred to the consumer, and some of it can be converted into another kind of energy in the accumulator device - the electrolyzer [3]. Installation for the implementation of the method and contains a frequency converter, it is complex in design and has a low efficiency.
The aim of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the power plant, the frequency and / or power on the motor shaft of which is variable.
The proposed energy conversion method can first of all be carried out for a non-autonomous power installation whose motor shaft is mechanically connected to the rotors of at least two electric generators containing respectively the n and m phase windings of the stators (n may not be equal to m). A portion of the electrical energy from the windings can be converted to another form of energy in the accumulator. Part of the electrical energy generated by at least one generator can be transmitted to the consumer only at a rotor speed corresponding to the frequency of the consumer current being removed from the windings. Stabilization of this speed is made by switching off or connecting and changing the load on the accumulator simultaneously all phases of at least one generator connected to the consumer and / or separate phases of at least one generator disconnected from the consumer.
The connection and disconnection of the consumer and / or load to the storage device can be performed by thyristors with the help of a processor based on the readings of at least a current frequency or rotation sensor.
A portion of the electrical energy can be converted into heat energy in the storage device, for example, by heating elements immersed in the heat transfer fluid, and the change in the load to the storage device in this case can be effected by changing the resistance of the heating elements. In the case where the heating elements are made in the form of parallel conductive surfaces, it is better to change the load by changing the distance between the surfaces (immersed in the liquid-coolant).
The invention is explained by the electrical circuit of the auxiliary power plant shown in the figure.
The wind power plant (VEU) contains two 3-phase electric generators 1 and 2, the rotors of which are rigidly mechanically connected to the windmill shaft (not shown). The generator 1 has a power equal to 1/3 of the power of the generator 2. (In general, it is better when the power of the winding of one generator is equal to the power of one phase of the other generator). The phases 3-5 of the stator windings of the generator 2 are connected through thyristors 6-8 to the mains, and through thyristors 9-11 - to the plate water heater 12, the distance between the pairs of plates 13-18 of which can vary. The phases 19-21 of the generator 1 through the thyristors 22-24 are connected to the plates 13-15. The apparatus is provided with a shaft speed sensor (not shown) connected to a processor 25 that controls the thyristors 6-8, 9-11 and 22-24 and a gap adjustment mechanism between the plates 13-18 (not shown) connected to separate phases 3-5, 19-21, and the plates connected to the common bus 26.
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The wind turbine works as follows. In windless weather, the windmill shaft does not rotate and all thyristors 6-8, 9-11 and 22-24 are off. When the wind appears, the windmill shaft starts to rotate at idling speed. After the shaft reaches a rotational speed corresponding to an electric current frequency of 50 Hz, the processor 25 turns on the thyristor 22 on the signal of the speed sensor, connecting the phase 19 to the plates 13 of the water heater 12, the gap between the plates being maximal. With further increase in the speed of its rotation, its stabilization by braking is carried out at the signal of the processor 25 due to the reduction of the gap between the plates 13 by the adjustment mechanism. After the minimum gap between the plates 13 is reached and the shaft speed exceeds the required speed, the processor 25 connects the phase 20 with a thyristor 23 to the plates 14 of the water heater 12, with the speed stabilization being the same as for the phase 20. Next With increasing power (and speed) on the shaft of the windmill, the third phase 21 of the generator 1 is connected to the water heater 12. After the power generated by all phases 19-21 of the generator 1 reaches the nominal value, the processor 25 turns off the phases 19 with thyristors 22-24 -21 from the water heater 12 and using thyristors 9-11 with increasing wind load, serially connects the phases 3-5 to the plates 16-18 of the water heater 12. After when the power generated by all phases 3-5 of the generator 2 reaches its nominal value, Using thyristors 9-11 and 6-8 switches to the supply of electricity to the network (to the consumer), and with increasing wind load, the rotation speed is stabilized by the consecutive connection of the phases 19-21 of the generator 1 to the water heater 12. If the electrical energy in the network is unclaimed, then both The generator switches to the water heater 12. When the wind load decreases, the processor 25 controls the phases 3-5 and 19-21 in the reverse order. |
The windmill can have more than two generators, then the range of the wind load expands, the time of delivery and the amount of electricity to the consumer and increases.
INFORMATION SOURCES
1. Patent of the Russian Federation No. 2132483, 1999.
2. The patent of the Russian Federation N 2099590, 1997.
3. Patent of the Russian Federation No. 2015412, 1994.
CLAIM
1. A method for converting the energy of a power plant engine whose power and / or rotational speed is not constant, the shaft being mechanically connected to the rotor of at least one electric generator comprising the n-phase winding of the stator, when part of the electrical energy from the windings is transmitted to the consumer, Transform into a different kind of energy in the accumulator, characterized in that in the operation of a non-autonomous power installation containing at least two generators, the other generator being mechanically connected to the motor shaft and having another number of winding phases, supplying electrical energy to the consumer from the winding, at least One generator is performed only at the rotor speed corresponding to the frequency of the consumer current being removed from the windings, and stabilization of this speed is made by switching off or connecting and changing the load to the accumulator at the same time all phases of at least one generator simultaneously connected to the consumer and / Or separate phases of at least one generator, disconnected from the consumer.
2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the load is connected to and disconnected to the storage device by thyristors by means of a processor based on the readings of at least a current frequency or rotation sensor.
3. The method of claim 1, characterized in that the connection and disconnection of the consumer is performed by the thyristors by means of a processor based on the readings of at least a current frequency or rotation frequency sensor.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein a portion of the electrical energy is converted into a heat energy in the storage device.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the conversion to thermal energy is performed by means of heating elements immersed in the liquid.
6. A method according to claim 5, characterized in that the load on the storage device is changed by changing the resistance of the heating elements.
7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that the change in the resistance of the heating elements in the form of parallel conductive surfaces is effected by changing the distance between the surfaces.
print version
Published on February 14, 2007
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