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INVENTION
Russian Federation Patent RU2075638

CONTROL METHOD Wind Turbine

CONTROL METHOD Wind Turbine

Name of the inventor: Zabegaev AI .; Gorbunov YN .; Zabegaev NI .; Novak YI .; Dyomkin VV .; Sable YG
The name of the patentee: Limited Liability Company "Obschemash- engineering"; Scientific and Production Association "Vetroen"
Address for correspondence:
Starting date of the patent: 1995.04.20

Usage: The invention relates to wind energy, specifically for the wind power plant (wind turbines) with synchronous generators, mainly working on the network. The inventive method for a wind power plant control includes aerodynamic power limitation, developed wind wheel, by changing the position of its blades relative to the wind and stop the propeller for preliminary time interval for which the power is reduced to the propeller at least 40 ... 60% the nominal values, then concurrently with the output of the generator from the network to the aerodynamic power limit propeller additionally impose mechanical braking entire system rotating installation elements, while the magnitude of the braking torque is set constant at the value of the rated torque of the transmission after that, maintaining braking torque, abruptly reduce rotating inertia and the braking installation elements by disconnecting the system of rotating elements of the installation in several parts, at least two. The braking torque to the rotating elements of the installation is applied to the intermediate shaft multistage multiplier or multiplier to the output shaft, for example by applying it to the generator shaft. Additional braking torque can be generated by converting electromagnetic brake generator mode, which include the absence of regulation of the angle position of the blades. On propeller power levels less than 40% of the nominal braking rotating elements of installation and stop the wind wheel is carried out directly without the aerodynamic power limitation. Sudden change of the moment of inertia of the rotating parts of the plant produce a time interval t, determined from the ratio t = (2 ... 5) T, where T is the period of the lowest frequency of the rotor blade oscillations in the lower plane stiffness.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to wind energy, specifically for the wind power plant (wind turbines) with synchronous generators, mainly working on the network.

Known method of controlling a wind power installation. See the description for the authors. Inventor's Certificate. USSR N 1076617 from 28.05.82g. Cl. F 03 D 1/00, [1] including the aerodynamic power limitation, developed wind wheel, by changing the position of the blades relative to the wind propeller and propeller subsequent stop. In the static position when stopping propeller possible additional braking by pneumatic brakes with braking torque is applied to the low-speed shaft of the propeller.

This known solution has the following disadvantages:

aerodynamic drag of the blades requires considerable time to tens of seconds and minutes to remove power from the propeller by the withdrawal of his blades out of the wind, which imposes restrictions on the generator connection device to the network to ensure a long and smooth the output of the generator from the network complicates their design and lowers reliability ;

application of braking torque to the low speed shaft creates a need for large quantities of brake torque and correspondingly high specific loads on the friction surface, since the time of the propeller at low speed shaft is at its greatest on all units (stages) of the transmission;

implementation of the braking torque by setting the air brakes require substantially create another power supply system in the wind turbine - the air, which requires a compressor, pneumatic valves, truboprivodov that a certain extent complicate turbine design and reduces the reliability and efficiency of the practical realization of this control method, in especially in today's security requirements, reliability and duration of operation of the wind turbine, such as 15 years to overhaul and 10 years after the overhaul.

These drawbacks of the known device for the most part are crucial for wind turbines, power classes in the tens or a few hundreds of kW, and designed to operate as a network, and with an independent customer, and do not allow, in essence, create modern almost an efficient wind turbine .

Known wind power installation control method implemented in the device described in avt.svid. USSR N 1325189 from 07.01.86g. Cl. F 03 D 7/04 [2] including the operations to turn the blades of the wind wheel to the specified angles relative to the direction vetropotokah, power adjustment due to this and stop the propeller.

According to the function being performed and achieved result is a well-known solution is the most similar to the claimed and is therefore chosen as a prototype.

This known device has disadvantages that limit its use.

1. Current certification of wind turbines operating safety regulations require at least two independent braking systems, propeller. At the same time work on the wind turbine nacelle with propeller uninhibited prohibited.

A known solution allows for only one way of braking - aerodynamic, that the deviations of the parameters of the position control system blades, such as violations of the accuracy of adjustment, wear of the drive mechanisms, and damage to system components, could potentially lead to an emergency wind-wheel at the output of the directional position, for example, it does not reach the "vane" angles and continues to produce power. Therefore no mechanical brake is a significant drawback of the known method of braking the wind turbine.

When using modern windwheels high twist the blade, reaching, for example, 30.35 o, find the feathered position the blade itself is difficult, as the blades to optimize the design of wind turbines is carried out on the basis of its best characteristics in the propeller. When stationary blade due to its high twist can be created by different flow regimes. Even in theory, setting feathered position does not mean de facto feathered - aerodynamic equilibrium position that rotates the wheel and the availability of power to it. Therefore, the mechanical braking propeller need, not only in a fixed position, if the aerodynamic torque on the propeller, but also during its rotation with reduced power.

2. With the introduction of the mechanical brakes in wind turbine design their practical application in the work and management of wind turbines is complicated by a number of conditions which require the creation of special control algorithms.

When the mechanical brake is a sudden application of brake torque to the transmission, thus causing the rotor blade vibrations which by the time of braking or turned in the directional position close to it and oriented in the direction of rotation of the propeller plane of minimal rigidity. The presence of this mode of loading dangerous for the propeller, for example, when the value of the braking torque M r equal to the nominal torque M s, transmitted transmission when using wind turbines with nominal power, allow only 20.50 braking cycles mechanical brake for the period of operation of the wind wheel 15.20 years, as the tension in the blades at the same time it exceeds the voltage at the propeller.

In addition, when the brake is a significant evolution of heat, for example, during braking with the magnitude of moment M t = M s heat capacity at the beginning of braking and is rated, which creates a serious problem, considering the small size and the volume of the wind turbine nacelle.

In the known method these aspects are not considered.

3. In the event of an emergency, such as disconnecting the electrical load, failure of the generator, wind wheel, located on the power take-off corners, refusing to exempt from the load, which can lead to further development of the accident. Therefore, power brakes must be set on the basis of replacement of the load from the generator load on the brake at the same time deriving propeller blades in the feathered position. Otherwise, wind wheel, freed from the load is dispersed to the increased speed. Pressures on the position of the blade control system and increase the shortage of power blade drive can be jammed on the power take-off angles. When the wind is strong enough, the speed of which is greater than the output speed of the wind wheel at rated power, this leads to a sharp increase in power drawn from vetropotokah wind wheel, wind wheel can accelerate up to three or four rated speed, which causes the destruction of the blades, propeller, tower.

A number of accidents powerful wind turbines on a similar scenario took place.

In the known method and these aspects are not considered.

4. When the aerodynamic braking to stop the propeller takes a long time, that in the event of emergency situations requiring rapid response, limits the ability of management and and increases the risk of accident, such as the development of self-oscillatory processes in the system "wind-wheel-transmission-generator-network" when within a few seconds the wind turbine comes to an emergency condition.

5. An increase in the mass and number of rotating parts increases the inertia of the wind turbine, increasing the time it takes from the beginning of the aerodynamic limits of power to a complete stop propeller.

From the analysis of the shortcomings of the known method the wind turbine control in one of the characteristic operating conditions it is clear that they have a fundamental nature and to ensure efficient and safe operation of the wind turbine is necessary to develop a new control method.

The task assigned to the developers of this wind turbine is interconnected by a variety of factors and conditions, it can not be achieved simply the sum of the known results, required a comprehensive solution, involve an inventive step.

The aim of the invention is: advanced management of wind turbines and thus increase profitability by expanding the range of operating speeds vetropotokah workers in the operation of wind turbines in the power output, but also by reducing the duration of the transition braking processes and stop the wind turbine; improving the reliability and safety of the wind turbine by applying it to remotely switch the braking device; increasing the operational safety of wind turbines when operating personnel; increase the resource of wind turbines by reducing the dynamic loads on the transmission components and assemblies of wind turbines, the power structure and propeller blades.

The goal is achieved by the fact that in the known method for controlling the turbine, which includes aerodynamic power limitation, developed wind wheel and stop the wind wheel, aerodynamic power limitation is made within the prior time interval, lowering the developing power of not less than 40.60% of the nominal value, and aerodynamic power limit simultaneously with the output of the generator from the network imposes additional mechanical braking entire system rotating elements, with the magnitude of the braking torque is set constant at the value of the rated torque in the transmission, and then, keeping the braking torque, abruptly reduce the moment of inertia of rotating and subjected inhibition elements of the installation by disconnecting the system of rotating elements of the installation in several parts, at least two.

Aerodynamic power limitation exercise Gone propeller out of the wind or the transfer of the blades in the feathered position.

Brake torque to the rotational elements installation applied to the intermediate shaft of the multiplier, thus can perform additional application it to the output shaft of the multiplier or to a generator shaft, creating it mechanically, or by generator transfers electromagnetic brake mode, preferably without the possibility of adjusting the blade position propeller relative to the wind.

When power levels developed by wind wheel, at least 40% of the rated power can be braked immediately without the aerodynamic power limitation.

Sudden change of the moment of inertia of the rotating parts of wind turbines produce a time interval t = (2.5) T, where T-period of the lower part of the rotor blade vibrations.

The accompanying drawings show: Fig. 1 plot of angular acceleration, braking propeller claimed method and the vibrations of the blades of the wind wheel with changes in angular acceleration in the separation of the transmission into two parts; 2 wind turbines with a shared transmission scheme illustrating the implementation of the method on the example of a single-threaded schemes; 3 change of angular acceleration amplitudes and rotor blade vibrations when braking propeller turbines and transmission multithreaded.

In the drawings and indicated in the text: 1 the propeller blade; generator 2; low-speed input shaft of the multiplier 3; large gear multiplier 4; intermediate shaft of the multiplier 5; output shaft speed multiplier 6; flywheel 7; multistage (two or more) of the multiplier 8; position control system propeller blades 9; controlled brake 10; turn off the clutch 11; driven clutch friction disc 12; Leading the friction clutch plate 13; motor coupling off the actuator 14; reducer drive off clutch 15; brake pads 16; optional high-speed shaft of the multiplier 17; output element clutches 18; output element clutches 19; complete propeller shaft 20; gear coupling 21; a spring 22; the push member 23; motor coupling off the actuator 24; gearbox 25; 26 screw nut 27; the lever 28; the pusher 29; the large gear of the intermediate shaft of the multiplier 30; small gear of the intermediate shaft of the multiplier 31; 32 wind turbine control system.

M r value of the braking torque;

M n nominal value of torque transmitted to the transmission when the wind turbine at rated power N nom

M n = N SG/ w SG

w Mr. rated speed propeller.

A method for controlling a wind power installation is as follows.

Initially it made a preliminary aerodynamic power limitation, developed wind wheel by changing the position of its blades 1 (see. FIG. 2) with respect to the wind that reaches turning blades 1 or Disposed propeller out of the wind for the time period for which the reduced power to the propeller is not less than 40.60% of the nominal value. This reduction in exercise capacity, to give the generator 2, in the network. Further, creating a clearance mode generator from the network 2, for example, by controlling the excitation, further mechanical braking is applied across the rotating elements 3,4,5,6,7 turbine system. The magnitude of the moment M t braking set constant at the rated torque value M n in the transmission installations in operation.

Braking moment M T applied to the intermediate shaft 8. Then, the multiplier 5, while maintaining the magnitude of the braking torque, abruptly reduce the moment of inertia J and rotating the braking installation elements by dividing them into several parts, at least two.

Additionally possible application of braking torque to the output shaft 6 of the generator 2, which creates a mechanical brake or by transferring the generator electromagnetic brake mode.

When the wind turbine may be cases of non-output blade feathered position or failure of the system 9 control the position of the blades of the wind wheel 1. In this case, a further application of braking torque to the shaft 6, a high frequency multiplier 8 implement it as an electromagnetic brake torque.

When power levels less than 40% of the nominal braking is performed directly without any aerodynamic power limitation. In this case, additional mechanical brake quickly and effectively stops the wind wheel.

Consider the implementation of the claimed method of controlling a wind turbine on the example of the wind turbine single-threaded performance, design-layout diagram is shown in FIG. 2. (For details, this wind turbine is considered in the application "Wind Turbine" by the same applicant, aimed at VNIIGPE, ref. Of N 34 / 4-95 from 12.04.95 city).

Wind Turbine includes wind-wheel with rotating blades 1, a multi-stage multiplier 8, the generator 2, the position of the blades 1, includes a clutch 11 September management system, managed by the brake 10, the flywheel 7. Wind wheel installed in a gondola on the hollow shaft 20, connected through a connecting gear clutch 21 with the input low-speed shaft 3 multistage multiplier 8, having the power enclosure. The clutches clutch 11, an output 18 and input 19 elements transmitting torque, derived from the same coupler side 11, the input element 18 formed as a hollow stepped leading ferrule is mounted coaxially with the output member 19, the coupling 11 and is connected to the output stage 8. Central multiplier output coupling member 18 shaft 11 is passed through the hollow shaft 6-speed multiplier 8 and is connected with a flywheel 7 coupled in series with the generator 2. disables its clutch housing 11 fixed to the body force multiplier 8.

The torque transmitted by the clutch 11, is controlled by adjusting the magnitude of the axial force urging the friction plates 12 and 13 via the pressing member 23 consisting of outer and inner rotary nonrotating parts pursed spring 22. Turning off clutch 11 is performed by the drive motor 24 comprising , gear 25, screw 26, nut 27, associated with one end of a lever 28 which is pivotally attached at the other end to the coupling body, the third point of the lever 28 is pivotally connected to the push rod 29, coupling 23, pressure element 11.

Controlled brake 10 is mounted on the housing by the multiplier 8, opposite the generator 2 and the wind-wheel, as well as clutches 11 with the drive. A mechanical brake 10 is made, for example shoe type comprising a brake drum 16 and shoe or disk. Possible embodiment of the electromagnetic brake, such as hysteresis. (As a mechanical brake, such as brake shoe type standard TAP [3] may be used)

The brake 10 is associated with an additional high-speed shaft 17 and the multiplier 8 through a large gear 30 of the intermediate shaft 5, a small gear 31, the intermediate shaft 5 with 4 large gear input speed shaft 3 multiplier 8.

The method is implemented as follows

At the command of the wind turbine control system 32 blade position control system propeller blade 9 starts output 1 in the feathered position. The power developed by the wind wheel, reducing, respectively, the control system is made of power reduction, to give the generator to the network. propeller speed of rotation at the same time practically unchanged. After declining power, wind wheel withdrawn from the stream to the level of 40.60% of the face at the same time make the imposition of the braking torque on the system of rotating mass of wind turbines "multiplier wind wheel - flywheel generator" and generator output of the network. Thus, the residual power developed by the wind wheel and the inertia of the rotating parts is closed on the brake. The relatively large inertia limits the angular acceleration of rotating masses J, as follows from the equation:



where: M t the value of the braking torque; I total moment of inertia of the rotating parts of the transmission and the propeller.

propeller blades under sudden braking torque curve and then perform damped oscillations. This loading mode for blades rather unfavorable: there are a lot of stress, which significantly reduces the service life of the propeller. Therefore, in the known wind turbine design practice to limit the number of such loads, for example, to 20.50 for the entire period of operation of 15.20 years.

Introduction of the flywheel in the rotating masses, as studies show, for example, [4] leads to an increase in the reduced moment of inertia of the rotating parts of the system "wind-wheel driveline generator" 2.3 times (with a smaller increase in the introduction of the flywheel can be ineffective, and the need to "bring" the moment of inertia caused by the varying the angular velocity of various elements of the transmission). According to equation (1) it allows for the same value of the braking torque M n decrease the value of angular acceleration and deceleration to 2.3 times. As a result of the stresses of the blades of the wind wheel with the vibrations are significantly reduced, due to which there is no reduction of the resource, as is the case in the prior art wind turbines and wind turbine known methods of control (braking).

Thus, the complexity of the transmission, increase its moment of inertia not allowing to obtain a negative, but rather a positive effect in one of the most dangerous wind turbine operation modes.

The magnitude of the braking torque at the same time can be significantly improved and brought up to the level of the rated torque transmitted by the transmission at the propeller at the rated power.

When the time interval for which the vibrations of the blades arising from the application of braking torque, damped (in engineering practice, is allowed to use a reduction of vibration amplitudes from the initial to the level of 10.15% of the initial 100% as the process of decay test), may further operations relating to wind turbine braking technology. For fiberglass and carbon fiber structures of powerful wind turbine blades the period required to achieve these vibration amplitudes at the attenuation is 2.5 T periods of oscillation.

Thus, after a time t = (2.5) T, where T is the period of the lowest frequency of the transverse blade vibrations in minimum rigidity plane (wind wheel oriented in the feathered position is the direction of rotation of minimum stiffness) produce off clutch 11 and disengagement of rotary transmission members, by at least (in the present embodiment, the wind turbine) into two parts:

Part 1: "wind wheel-shaft-multiplier-brake";

Part 2: "flywheel generator"

which leads to an abrupt increase in the braking angular acceleration. See FIG. 1.

For this purpose the motor 24 through the gear 25 by rotating screw 26 moves the nut 27 and rotates the lever 28, whereby the pusher 29 and the pressing member 23 is made optional compression spring 22 and opening the friction discs 12 and 13. Turning off clutch 11 does not take place suddenly, and for a time required to release the disc, for example, for 3 seconds. Steady the applied braking torque is increased braking angular acceleration J according to equation (1) by reducing the moment of inertia of the rotating parts by turning off the generator and the flywheel. Importantly, the increase is not carried J suddenly and not at full size, resulting in the oscillations of the blades have a considerably lower intensity than the first braking torque or application as compared with direct application to open the time of transmission. This ensures fast and efficient braking of the wind wheel, it stops and hold in the locked position.

The flywheel generator and thus make free coasting.

When the wind turbine control method discussed in the braking mode is significantly reduced heat generation in wind turbine nacelle, as the transmission inhibition combined with an increased moment of inertia takes time of about 2.5 periods of natural oscillation blades, for example, at a frequency of Hz and 0,8.1,5 1,2.0 period respectively, 67 sec. This interval is 2,5.8,0 seconds. After the separation of transmission wind-wheel at the same magnitude of the braking torque is braked for 10.20 s.

For example, when an accident occurs and the wind turbine loses connection with the network it is de-energized and is likely in the case of failure of the generator or the devices of electric power control and communication with the network 10 ceases to hold the brake pads 16 in a diluted state. For transmission brake torque is applied, but at the expense of uninterruptible power supply (not shown) made in the removal of the blade feathered position, the opening of the transmission and the propeller stop, which remains after the stop in the locked state. This provides increased safety of wind turbines.

CONTROL METHOD Wind Turbine

Separation of the transmission when braking can be carried out in several parts in succession:

  • for single-threaded wind turbine shown in FIG. 2, in two parts;
  • for multithreaded wind turbines into three or more parts of the series. (For example, see. Bid "Wind Turbine", aimed at VNMMGPE, ref. Of N 35 / 95-4 from 12.04.95g. Where multithreaded considered wind turbines with sequential switching off the flow.)

In the latter case, braking angular acceleration increases proportionally reduce the moment of inertia and the value of the angular acceleration change stage with reduced (see. FIG. 3).

Initial loading in brake operation takes place at the highest moment of inertia.

If you turn off the first flow acceleration deceleration increases to J 1, loading occurs gradually over time D t. The loading of the rotor blade on the increase continuously.

When disconnecting the subsequent flow with further increase of J to the threshold level of inhibition is determined acceleration and propeller inertia associated transmission elements according to equation (1) (see. Fig. 3).

As a result, the inventive method allows for such a "rough" actuator is a mechanical brake shoe type, to get not only a high braking torque, but also make it quite beneficial to the loading rotor blade at a high efficiency Elimination of emergency.

It should be noted that as used in wind turbine gearboxes mainly multiples increase, the risk of breakage in terms of exploitation increases with the number steps, since this increases the speed and accordingly the number of cycles increases, and more pronounced the fatigue fracture mechanism, particularly when the transmission period of service, reaching 15-25 years.

At the same time, increasing the speed of rotation reduces the need for braking torque, brake devices making more compact, reduces its power consumption.

Based on this optimum is to apply the brakes on the intermediate stage of the multiplier, giving the possibility of optimizing the braking device parameters, for example, for two-stage in an intermediate stage of the multiplier with the organization dedicated to reduce the flow of brake sizes. This allows for increased reliability of wind turbines, as mechanical failures are more likely to speed multiplier stage.

At the same time, from a general standpoint it is not critical to achieve the objectives of the claimed invention, where the transmission brake torque is applied. In its application to the intermediate shaft it has the additional beneficial effect, as shown above. Therefore, this feature of the method passed in additional claims.

Preliminary aerodynamic power limit can be carried out in various ways, such as installing the blades on the corners, limiting the capacity of developing, or when using the unmanaged installation on the corner (wedged) blades "Gone" propeller of the wind turbine nacelle at the turn in the horizontal plane.

In the method and achieving the objective, in general, it creates an additive effect, and therefore made in the additional claims.

reducing the power level of 40.60% of the face is set as a result of simulation of the wind wheel braking and transmission of wind turbines for the objectively existing range of operating parameters vetropotokah based on its marginal rate of 20.30 m / s. It was found that the propeller having a residual power in the range specified above (when installing the blades on non-optimal angles) by applying braking torque M r = M n, can be achieved by a steady process of braking the wind turbine: wind wheel loses speed, loses power and stops in a short time not exceeding one minute, which is acceptable when using mechanical or electromagnetic brake and allowable heat dissipation in the wind turbine nacelle.

To improve braking performance, such as the refusal to position the wind turbine blades after prior restraint power management system or inaccurate breeding because of errors or mistakes, the additional application of braking torque to the output shaft of the multiplier, which can practically be achieved by setting an additional mechanical on the multiplier output shaft or the shaft of the generator, and the generator can be used as an electromagnetic brake.

In this connection, signs in the part "further application of braking torque to the output shaft of the multiplier" and "generator shaft to", but also making its transfer due to the electromagnetic brake generator mode ", - rendered in additional claims.

Using these features, together with para. 1 of the process can further reduce the braking of wind turbines and reduce the heat in the gondola.

In cases where the turbine operates at speeds vetropotokah V rated and has an output of less than par, ie at least 40% of the nominal, braking is performed without performing the preliminary aerodynamic power limitation. This mode as an additional, expanding the capabilities of the claimed method and submitted to additional claims.

From the point of maximum effect the separation of transmission produced at the expiration of the time interval t = (2.5) T in order to avoid imposing oscillations and increased occurrence of stresses in the blades of the propeller, as illustrated in FIG. 1 and 3, even though in case of violation of the conditions of the present method being implemented in a dynamic loading of the blade significantly more favorable than in the implementation of the known methods. Therefore, this sign passed into an additional claim.

The claimed method, in fact, the first time to solve practical problems quickly and efficiently (and multiple) stop propeller at all sorts of emergencies, while allowing to realize the braking torque maximum value, objectively limited strength capability turbine design, and allows you to create a stand alone wind turbines that do not require attendants potentially even in emergency situations, since emergency algorithms wind turbine operation can be clearly defined, in this mode using the claimed method.

In practice, this wind turbine for the Ministry of Defense facilities, remote farms, lighthouses, etc. Objects to which access is difficult.

Thus, the claimed method is progressive, and its use allows you to create a positive effect: more control of wind turbines and thus enhance profitability by expanding the range of operating speeds workers vetropotokah in the operation of wind turbines in the power output, but also by reducing the duration of the transition braking processes and stopping the wind turbine; improve the reliability and safety of the wind turbine by applying it to remotely switch the braking device; increase the safety of operation of wind turbines when operating personnel; increase the resource of wind turbines by reducing the dynamic loads on the transmission components and assemblies of wind turbines, the power structure and propeller blades.

[1] Author's certificate USSR N 1076617 from 28.05.82, the cl. F 03 D 1/00 ​​analogue.

[2] Author's certificate USSR N 1325189 from 07.01.86, the cl. F 03 D 7/04 prototype.

[3] The brake shoe. TAP Type 300 V2 PV 25% is 220 V, 24 -1 TU -1787-78.

[4] The technical proposal. "Development of measures to prevent vibrational modes when the unit is" Vetroen-250 ". TP.VET-250.03.94. M. The company" Obschemash-engineering ", 1994.

CLAIM

1. A method for controlling a wind power installation, comprising an aerodynamic power limitation, developed wind wheel, by changing the position of its blades relative to the wind, and stop the propeller, characterized in that the pre-produced aerodynamic power limit for the preliminary time interval for which the power is reduced to the propeller is not less than 40 to 60% of its nominal value, then simultaneously with the output of the generator from the network to the aerodynamic power limit propeller additionally impose mechanical braking entire system rotating installation elements with the value of braking torque is set constant at the value of the rated torque of the transmission after then, keeping the braking moment abruptly reduce the moment of inertia of rotating and the braking installation elements by disconnecting the system of rotating elements of the installation in several parts, at least two.

2. The method of claim. 1, characterized in that the change in position is carried Disposed rotor blade from the propeller wind.

3. Способ по п. 1, отличающийся тем, что изменение положения лопастей ветроколеса осуществляют переводом лопастей во флюгерное положение.

4. Способ по п.1, отличающийся тем, что тормозной момент к вращающимся элементам установки прикладывают к промежуточному валу многоступенчатого мультипликатора.

5. Способ по пп.1 и 4, отличающийся тем, что дополнительно прикладывают тормозной момент к выходному валу мультипликатора.

6. Способ по пп.1 и 5, отличающийся тем, что дополнительный тормозной момент прикладывают к валу генератора.

7. Способ по пп.1, 5 и 6, отличающийся тем, что дополнительный тормозной момент создают за счет перевода генератора в режим электромагнитного тормоза.

8. Способ по пп. 1 и 7, отличающийся тем, что электромагнитный тормоз включают при отсутствии регулирования угла положения лопастей.

9. Способ по п.1, отличающийся тем, что на уровнях мощности ветроколеса менее 40% от номинальной торможение вращающихся элементов установки и остановку ветроколеса осуществляют непосредственно без аэродинамического ограничения мощности.

10. Способ по п.1, отличающийся тем, что скачкообразное изменение момента инерции вращающихся частей установки производят через интервал времени t (2 5)T, где T период низшей частоты колебаний лопасти ветроколеса в плоскости наименьшей жесткости.

print version
Publication date 02.04.2007gg