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INVENTION
Russian Federation Patent RU2153599
Wind turbine
Name of the inventor: A. Aliyev
The name of the patentee: Dagestan State University
Address for correspondence: 367025, Republic of Dagestan, Makhachkala, ul. M. Hajiyev, 43 "A", DSU, Intellectual Property Department
Starting date of the patent: 1999.01.18
The invention relates to a device for converting fluid energy and can be used in Wind power. The technical result consists in synchronizing the rotational speed of the wind turbine is achieved by the fact that the wind turbine comprising a vertical shaft, the vertical blade, vane and adjusting mechanism according to the invention on a shaft fixed disk blades are flat and are mounted rotatably on the disc on their vertical axes at the root parts of which are fixed the upper magnets which interact with the lower magnet, placed on a turntable associated with the vane and adjusting mechanism is provided with a centrifugal speed controller with the slider wedge and plate, interacting with each other, wherein the plate is mounted on platform for linear movement in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the wind vane, centrifugal slider knob connected through a wedge plate cooperating with the lower magnets mounted rotatably about their vertical axes.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to a device for converting fluid energy and can be used in Wind power.
Wind turbines is one of the most popular in the world since the end of the XV century. Man has learned to use cheap natural power of the wind, he invented a wind turbine, mill, power plant, transforming power of the horizontal component of the wind speed during the rotational movement of the motor shaft. However, due to the low coefficient of performance (COP) and the invention of other more advanced energy engines converters with higher efficiency, wind turbines are not widely known, even in regions where the total duration of the winds of the season is at least 60% a year.
Known wind turbine may be specified as a prototype, comprising a vertical shaft and the associated blade, made in the form of thin-walled panels with internal vanes in one of the walls of panels are made transverse cuts. Also mounted on the wind turbine is provided with a vertical shaft bending limiters shaped blade with a shape equivalent to a curve bending blade / 1 /.
The disadvantage of the prototype is the relatively low efficiency caused by the fact that the effective area of the blade depends on the angle of its inclination relative to the wind direction and is proportional to cos j, where j ranges from 0 o to 180 degrees.
Known wind turbine / 2 /, containing a vertical shaft, the vertical blade, vane and control mechanism.
This wind turbine can be specified as a prototype.
A disadvantage of this wind turbine is that the speed of rotation depends on the wind speed.
The aim of the invention is to synchronize the rotational speed of the wind turbine. This object is achieved in that the wind turbine comprising a vertical shaft mounted on the shaft disk flat vertical blades mounted on a disc rotatable about their vertical axes, vane placed kooksalno shaft of the turntable, the lower and upper magnets which interact with one another new regulatory mechanism introduced.
Unlike the prior art adjustment mechanism is provided with a centrifugal speed controller with a slider wedge plate. Plate is mounted on the platform to be linearly movable in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the wind vane.
Slider centrifugal regulator is connected to the plate through the wedge. Magnets mounted on the lower platform perpendicular to a diametral plane coinciding with the plane of the wind vane, pivotable about their vertical axes. Magnets are arranged in parallel upper lateral surfaces of the blades.
Conducted a comparative analysis of existing designs of wind turbines has shown that given in this technical solution, the signs were not used in the prior art and are therefore essential.
The principle of operation of a wind turbine is illustrated with drawings of FIG. 15.
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FIG. 1 is a side view of a wind turbine in section A: A wherein: |
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FIG. 2 shows a plan view of the engine. |
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FIG. 3 shows the structure of the plate 9 and the rotary platform 10 is a sectional |
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FIG. 4 shows a top view of a rotary platform mounted thereon with the lower magnet 12: |
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FIG. 5 shows a view of the top plate 9: |
Wind turbine operates as follows. The fixed platform 15 is a counter that provides the necessary height of the wind turbine location for the safe and efficient operation. Vertical shaft 1 is pivotally connected to the fixed platform 15. The disk 2 is mounted on the shaft 1 fixedly. This can be achieved by the key, pin, or their spline connections. Thus, the disc 2 and the associated roller 1 rotate relative to the fixed platform 15.
On the periphery of the disc 2 on a circle concentric with the shaft at the same distance from each other at least three sets of plane vanes 3. FIG. 1, the wind turbine has six blades set at 360 o / N = 60 degrees, where N - number of blades. Each of the blades has a vertical axis of rotation 4, is fixedly fastened thereto and its surface symmetrically. The axes of the blades 4 are pivotally connected with the disk 2 so that they are parallel to each other and the shaft of the wind turbine 2.
Since the plane of each of the blades of the axes are divided into two symmetrical parts with equal areas, then the torques produced by the two halves of the blades about their axes are equal. When the blades may be oriented relative to the wind flow direction is arbitrary.
For the orientation of the blades in the desired direction with respect to the flow direction of the wind are used magnets.
To this end, each blade is provided with an upper magnet 11 fixed to the axis of the blade at the root. This SN magnet poles are oriented along (or perpendicular) to the plane of the blades 3.
Furthermore, the device is provided with a rotary platform 10 is fixedly connected with the current wind direction indicator 5 (such as a weather vane). The turntable 10 by changing the direction of flow of the wind around the shaft 1 rotates relative to the fixed platform 15. The movable platform 10 on the part of the circumferential disc 2 on which the blades rotate axle 4 are installed bottom magnets 12 (see. FIGS. 3 and 4). Moreover, NS pole magnets disposed on the movable platform, in the area of half circle oriented in a single direction coinciding with the poles of the magnets fixed to the blade axes. On the rest of the (second) portion of the magnets are oriented in a direction perpendicular to the first. The boundary between these areas coincides with the flow direction of the wind indicator (weathervane) (see. Fig. 4).
The left portion (see. Fig. 2) corresponds to the active half-cycle of rotation of the blade about the shaft 1, when the plane perpendicular to the flow direction of the wind.
At the interface between the active and passive sections of the torque produced by the blade of the small arm is zero.
The interaction of the upper magnets fixedly attached to the blade axis, the lower magnets mounted on a movable platform, changes the orientation of the blades relative to the wind direction. Thus, in low wind at the active site (Figure 1 and 3 -. Left half) of the blade are installed perpendicular to the wind direction. All of the active portion, the blade rotates together with the housing and the shaft, the position of the blade relative to the housing are adjusted continuously using magnets and adheres perpendicular to the wind direction.
Once the blade axis 4 and fixed to it an upper magnet 11 reaches the passive region (in Figures 1 and 3 -. Right half) in consequence of the interaction with the lower blade magnet changes its orientation by 90 o and the current becomes the direction of the wind.
When rotating blades in conjunction with the disc 2 within the passive portion of the blade orientation adhere permanent - perpendicular to the direction of the wind vane.
Thus, when a weak wind each of the blades relative to the wind direction perpendicular position takes - in the active site; along - on the passive area.
At each time three of the six lobes of the blade (in Figure 1 -. Left) are in the operating position, and the other three - in the blank (right).
Since the blades in the operating position permanently preserve the orientation perpendicular to the wind direction, the force created by the pressure of the wind on the blade surface is not changed by the rotation of the wind turbine housing. This ensures that the increase in engine efficiency at low wind speeds.
In order to stabilize the engine shaft 1 rotation speed is used centrifugal speed controller 6. When the shaft speed above the nominal, the slider 7 is lowered. The rate at which the cost of shipping the centrifugal regulator is determined by the weight and size of the controller's shoulders. The slider for pulling down the wedge 8. The wedge themselves in turn, displaces the plate 9 in the horizontal position relative to the turntable 10. FIG. 3 shows a section A-A of the rotating platform 10 and plate 9, a top view, respectively, which are shown in FIG. 4 and 5. For the linear displacement of the plate baffles 19 are used, fixedly secured to the turntable bottom.
These guides 19 run along the slot 21 of the plate 9. The groove 18 serves to set the wedge 8. The spring 20 returns the plate 9 to the far left position and constantly pushes the plate to the wedge. Thus, movement of the wedge up and down movement is converted into a proportional left and right plates. Thrust washer 14 fixes the horizontal position of the plate 9 and the turntable 10. At the circumferential turntable on which the blades rotate root portion of the lower magnets 12 are installed rotatably.
Each of the magnets has a pivot hole 16 and in which are fixedly mounted pins 17. The free ends of the pins 20 includes a posture of the plate 9. When the displacement plate 17 is rotated to the right pins of each of the lower magnet 16 around the axes counterclockwise (see. Figure . 4).
In the left half of the turntable relative to a diametral plane coinciding with the plane of the wind vane, the direction of the lower magnets NS 16 - perpendicularly and on the right half - coincides with the plane of the wind vane.
At higher shaft speeds, the plate 9 communicates through the slots 20 on the pins 17 rotate about their axes 16, 12. The lower magnets NS orientation direction of the upper magnet 11 coincides with the plane of the blades 3.
The interaction of the upper and lower magnets during their relative movement causes a change in the orientation of the blades.
If a weak wind orientation blades in the left half plane perpendicular to the rotary platform, on the right half plane coincide with the wind vane, i.e. direction of wind flow.
With an increase in wind speed shaft rotational speed is increased one. The centrifugal speed regulator 6 through the wedge 8 and a plate 9 changes the position of the lower magnet by an angle less than 45 o. This in turn alters the position of the blades relative to the wind direction. The effective area of the blades on the left half of the turntable, the torque shaft is reduced. On the left side of the blade area, creating a negative point, is increased. This will reduce the rotation speed.
Thus, a dynamic equilibrium is established and shaft rotation speed is stabilized.
If you rotate the lower magnets 45 o with respect to the wind direction, the effective area of the blades on the left and right halves of the platform will be the same, the positive and negative torques are equal to each other and the motor will not rotate at all. This case can not be, t. E. At a low rotational speed, the centrifugal rotation controller puts a wedge in its highest position and lower magnets are the right and left halves of the platform are oriented mutually perpendicular (see. Fig. 4). This maximizes torque produced by the wind pressure on the left-half plane of the blades.
Synchronous rotation of the output shaft of a wind turbine will create on its basis the wind power system with constant voltage and frequency.
INFORMATION SOURCES
1. Vavilov VD, Vavilov AD, Vavilov IV Wind turbine. AS USSR N 1962518, cl. F 03 D 3/00.
2. US 4052134, cl. F 03 D 7/06, 04.10.77 wind turbine (prototype).
CLAIM
Wind turbine comprising a vertical shaft, the vertical blade, vane and adjustment mechanism, characterized in that the shaft is fixed disc blades are flat and are mounted on a disc rotatable about their vertical axes at the root parts of which are fixed the upper magnets which interact with the lower magnet placed on a turntable associated with the vane and adjusting mechanism is provided with a centrifugal speed controller with the slider wedge and plate, interacting with each other, wherein the plate is mounted on the platform to be linearly movable in a direction perpendicular to the wind vane plane, centrifugal regulator slider connected through a wedge plate cooperating with the lower magnets mounted rotatably about their vertical axes.
print version
Publication date 03.04.2007gg
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