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WIND POWER PLANTS. Wind turbines
INVENTION
Patent of the Russian Federation RU2124649

WINDROCOLES OF DENISOV-DUBOVSKY

WINDROCOLES OF DENISOV-DUBOVSKY

The name of the inventor: Denisov Anatoly Alekseevich; Dubovsky Leonid Yakovlevich
The name of the patent holder: Denisov Anatoly Alekseevich; Dubovsky Leonid Yakovlevich
Address for correspondence: 196135 St. Petersburg, Prospect Y. Gagarina 27-93, Dubovskom L.Ya.
Date of commencement of the patent: 1996.12.24

Area of ​​use: in wind power and can be used to convert wind energy. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The wind wheel comprises a horizontal shaft of a tubular type and a rotary member fixedly mounted thereon in the form of two coaxially disposed synchronously rotationally displaceable opposite directions of the drive disks, the position of the rotational axis of which is rigidly fixed to the horizontal shaft by means of a drive reducer and a ring Casing on the circumference of the discs with a gap to the surfaces of the discs. The horizontal shaft extends in the space between the disks along the diametral axis and is connected to an annular casing located in the plane of coaxial rotation of the drive disks. Coaxial rotation of the disks in opposite directions relative to each other is realized by means of the drive shaft passing inside the tubular horizontal shaft and the drive reducer. The technical result consists in increasing the efficiency and reducing the size of the wind wheel.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to wind energy and can be used to convert wind energy.

There are known wind wheels with impeller blades with a horizontal axis of rotation and a wind wheel with curved blades of the Z-shaped form with a vertical axis of rotation (the Dar'yer roller), using a lifting force to convert wind energy / 1,2 /.

The disadvantages of the known designs are insufficiently high efficiency and large dimensions.

The closest to the invention according to the invention is a wind wheel comprising a blade having a wing profile and a horizontal rotation shaft. One of the main parameters by which the degree of perfection of the wing is estimated is its aerodynamic quality, showing how many times the lift force of the wing is greater than the force of its lateral resistance at a given angle of attack. The amount of aerodynamic quality largely depends on the geometric characteristics of the wing. So the lift of the wing at a given airflow speed increases with increasing circulation along the wing profile, which can be achieved by increasing the curvature of the profile. However, as the curvature of the wing profile increases, its aerodynamic quality decreases, as the drag coefficient increases faster than the lift coefficient / 3 /.

The lifting force of such a wing design can be increased only with increasing wing span.

Disadvantages of a wind wheel having a wing-type blade are a large diameter, requiring high support structures, insufficient high efficiency, high drag coefficient.

The object of the present invention is to increase the efficiency and reduce the overall dimensions and the drag coefficient of the wind wheel.

The problem is solved by the fact that in a wind wheel comprising a horizontal shaft and a rotating member fixed thereon, according to the invention, the rotating member is made in the form of two coaxially synchronous rotational directions of the drive disks whose rotation axis is perpendicular to the horizontal shaft and Ring casing along the circumference of the discs with gaps to the surfaces of the discs. The horizontal shaft extends in the space between the disks along the diametrical axis and is connected to the ring housing rigidly fixed in the plane of coaxial rotation of the drive disks.

In such a wind wheel, when rotating the drive disks and placing it in the wind stream, a lifting force is created due to the difference in pressure near the outer surfaces coaxially rotating in opposite directions of the drive disks, the presence of the annular casing excluding the penetration of the wind flow into the space between the disks, which Would create an obstacle to the rise of the lift.

Over the two halves of the outer surfaces of the discs, which rotate against the wind, will form regions of reduced pressure P 1 , and over the other two halves of the outer surfaces of the discs, which rotate in the direction of the wind, will form areas of increased pressure P 2 (FIG. Due to the difference in pressure, two lifting axes of the rotating element of the wind wheel generate a lifting force F on opposite sides (Figure 2), which causes the horizontal shaft to rotate, from which the output power is removed.

Lifting force can be determined using the Bernoulli equation, which establishes the relationship between speed and pressure in the air flow and adds forces acting on the outer and inner surfaces of coaxially rotating discs.

1) For half the outer surface of the disk, the direction of rotation of which is opposite to the direction of the wind



2) For half the inner surface of the disc, the direction of rotation of which is opposite to the direction of the wind



3) For half the inner surface of the disc, the direction of rotation of which coincides with the direction of the wind



4) For half the outer surface of the disc, the direction of rotation of which coincides with the direction of the wind



Where

P - static atmospheric pressure;

R is the density of air;

Y - wind speed;

V is the averaged longitudinal (in the direction of the wind flow) component of the speed of coaxial rotation of the disks (Figure 5).



Where

R is the radius of the disks;

V is the linear speed of rotation of the disks;

N - number of revolutions of coaxial rotation of disks in sec.

As a result, for each square meter of the surface of the rotating element of the wind wheel, the lifting force acts:



Otherwise, the lifting power of the rotating element of the wind wheel depends on the radius and speed of coaxial rotation of the drive disks.

Comparison with the prototype shows that the lifting power of the impellers of the wind wheel of the wing type is calculated by the formula:



Where

C y - coefficient of lift;

R is the density of air;

Y is the air flow rate;

S is the area of ​​the blade.

The coefficient C y can be taken equal to unity (practically its minimum value), then for each square meter of the surface of the blade of the wind wheel the lifting force .

Comparing the lifting force of the claimed windwheel 2 rych v = 4 hrch R h n hy and the lifting force of the prototype It is easy to see that the first quantity is larger

For example, for y = 6 m / sec, R = 2 m, n = 1 sec -1 ,

As R and n increase, the difference in lifting forces increases many times, the wind energy utilization coefficient, output power on the horizontal shaft, and, on the whole, the efficiency of the wind wheel, increase accordingly.

At the same time, the power required to rotate the drive disks of the claimed wind wheel is at least an order of magnitude less than the output power.

It is not difficult to estimate that the diameter of the claimed wind wheel with identical values ​​of the output power will be much less than the diameter of the wind wheel of the prototype. For example, the known 200 kW Mod-OA system (USA) has blades with a diameter of 38 m / 2 /, while the diameter of the drive disks of the claimed wind wheel has the same output power of 8-19 m. In connection with the reduction in dimensions of the claimed wind wheel, the coefficient Frontal resistance, especially in relation to multi-blade wind turbines.

Comparative analysis of the claimed wind wheel with the prototype shows that the claimed wind wheel is different from the known one in that its rotating element is made in the form of two coaxially arranged rotationally opposite directions of the drive disks whose axis of rotation is perpendicular to the horizontal shaft and the annular casing Circle discs with gaps to the surfaces of discs. The horizontal shaft extends in the space between the disks along the diametrical axis and is connected to the ring housing rigidly fixed in the plane of coaxial rotation of the drive disks.

Thus, the claimed wind wheel corresponds to the criterion of the invention "novelty".

Comparison of the claimed solution not only with the prototype, but also with other technical solutions in this area, led to the conclusion that it clearly does not follow from the prior art and, therefore, corresponds to the criterion of "inventive level".

The possibility of widespread use of the claimed wind wheel in wind power provides him with the criterion of "industrial applicability".

The invention is illustrated by the drawing, wherein

FIG. 1, the view of the wind wheel on the left is shown; In Fig. 2 shows a view of the wind wheel from the front; In Fig. 3 shows a view of the wind wheel on the right; In Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the section AA of a wind wheel along a diametral axis perpendicular to the plane of the discs of FIG. 1; In Fig. 5 shows the averaged longitudinal direction with respect to the direction of the wind flow component of the rotation speed of the disks.

The wind wheel comprises a horizontal shaft 1 of a tubular type and a rotary member rigidly fixed thereon, arranged in two coaxially arranged directions in mutually opposite directions of the drive disks 2 and 3, the position of the rotational axis of which is fixedly fixed to the horizontal shaft 1 by means of a drive reducer 6, and the annular casing 4 along the disc circles with gaps 5 to the surfaces of the discs. The horizontal shaft 1 extends in the space between the discs 2 and 3 along the diametrical axis and is connected to the annular casing 4 located in the plane of the coaxial rotation of the drive disks 2 and 3. The coaxial rotation of the disks 2 and 3 in opposite directions is realized by the drive shaft 7, Passing inside the tubular horizontal shaft 1, and the gear reducer of the drive 6.

When rotating the disks 2 and 3 and placing the wind wheel in a wind stream having a velocity y , the outer surface of the discs 2 and 3 flows through the air stream. In this case, the annular housing 4 does not allow airflow to penetrate the space between the discs. Under such conditions, the flow of air on each half (relative to the diametral axis) of the surface of the discs creates a lifting force F equal to 4 hr × R × n × y for every square meter of this surface, where r is the air density, R is the radius of the disks, n is the number of revolutions Disk, y - wind speed. Due to the opposite of the direction of the lift on each half (relative to the diameter axis) of the surface of the discs, the wind wheel rotates on the horizontal shaft 1, from which the output power is removed.

INFORMATION SOURCES

1. Ya.I. Shefter. Use of wind energy. Moscow: Energoatomizdat, 1983, p. 71 - 72, p. 68.

2. Wind power. Under. Ed. D. de Renzo. Moscow: Energoatomizdat, 1982, p. 26-29, p. 87 - 88.

3. L.H. Kokunin. Fundamentals of aerodynamics. M .: Transport, 1982, p. 54.

CLAIM

A wind wheel comprising a horizontal shaft and a rotating member rigidly fixed thereto, characterized in that the rotating member is made in the form of two coaxially disposed mutually oppositely directed directions of the drive disks whose axis of rotation is perpendicular to the horizontal shaft and the annular casing along the circumferences Disks with gaps to the surfaces of the disks, wherein the horizontal shaft extends in the space between the disks along the diametrical axis and is connected to the ring housing rigidly fixed in the plane of coaxial rotation of the drive disks.

print version
Date of publication 10.04.2007gg