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INVENTION
Russian Federation Patent RU2150022
NODE high-speed gear reducer wind turbines wind turbines
Name of the inventor: Golubkov Sergey V.; Glazov Sergey; Nikolai Korzhov; Kochergin Viktor; Boules Yuri; Salikhov Valeriy
The name of the patentee: Golubkov Sergey V.; Glazov Sergey; Nikolai Korzhov; Kochergin Viktor; Boules Yuri; Salikhov Valeriy
Address for correspondence: 123480, Moscow, ul. Panfilov Heroes, 17 korp.4, kv.75, Corjova NP
Starting date of the patent: 1999.01.21
The invention relates to wind power engineering, particularly to structural elements of the wind turbine for transferring mechanical energy from the propeller to the consumer. The technical result consists in increasing the operational reliability and maintainability is provided in that the assembly is placed in two coaxial cylindrical bearing bores gearbox casing and comprises a cylindrical sleeve ending at one end a flat bottom with an axial hole and at the other end - the annular projection of a rectangular profile, and a cylindrical flange having an annular shoulder and a central centering hole. The flange is attached to the docking surface of the end face of the annular flange of the liner. In the inner cavity sleeve coaxially mounted on the double-seat friction bearing shaft gear rigidly fixed between the supports. The presence of the sleeve defines a modular unit design. High operational reliability and site maintainability, which is more than any other machine components subject to wear, due to its modular design, which allows to make disassembly and assembly mounting location of the wind turbine, without compromising the integrity of the other components and parts of the unit, and repair operations carried out in the factory to ensure high quality of repair. In addition, the modular construction of the unit and the assembly system increases the axial rigidity of the whole unit and therefore increases its reliability.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to wind power engineering, particularly to structural elements of the wind turbine, designed to transmit power (the mechanical power) from the propeller to the consumer.
Known windmill gearbox that transmits torque from the propeller to the consumer of mechanical energy and placed on the turntable, located in the tower of wind turbines, which comprises a housing, bearing assemblies, a high speed and low speed gears with shafts mounted in bearings (DE 4,104,454 C1, M. Cl . 6 - F 03 D 11/00, 30.07.92).
However, the known structure does not provide high reliability and manufacturability assembly and repair, because not provided the opportunity to repair and replacement of components and parts of the gearbox on the platform without having to remove them from the tower.
Known wind turbine drive (air turbine) that transmits mechanical energy from the air turbine to an electrical generator and hydraulic pump comprising a reducer and arranged in the housing gear assemblies mounted on the shafts in the bearing supports (GB 2,225,812 A, MA cl 6 -. F 03 D 11 / 02, 6/13/90).
In this construction, to replace the unit a high-speed pinion shaft which is connected to the shaft of the hydraulic pump must disassemble parts of the entire assembly, which does not ensure a high mounting accuracy and hence operational reliability, since, in this case, in place during assembly is required to perform the fitting with control parts and driving units.
Known wind power plant comprising a drive for power transmission from the propeller to the electric and hydraulic pump. The drive unit comprises a high-speed gear disposed in the gear housing assembly and consisting of front and rear rolling bearings, doubly shaft and trunnion shaft and gears with external gearing, the shaft is rigidly fixed to the supports and cooperating with the gear (GB 2,176,542 A, M. Cl 6 -. F 03 D 11/00, 31.12.86, Figures 3, 4)..
The disadvantage of this design is that the repair operations for removing a high-speed gear unit, which is subject to more frequent damage than other nodes, you must perform undocking covers the gear housing having a connector on a vertical plane. This disturbed the alignment of other components and drive components. As a result, the assembly elements of the nodes require the installation of parts at the place and time-consuming adjustment work carried out on-site placement of a wind turbine, which reduces the reliability and maintainability of the unit as a whole.
The purpose of the present invention - increase operational reliability and maintainability.
This technical result is achieved by the fact that a high-speed gear of a wind turbine gearbox assembly disposed in two concentric cylindrical bearing holes of the gearbox housing and having front and rear bearings, double-seat shaft with shaft and pin, the shank of which is mounted in the front bearing and pin - in the back, and a gear fixedly mounted on the shaft between the bearings according to the invention is provided with a cylindrical sleeve ending at one end a flat bottom, and at the other end - the annular projection of a rectangular profile, in the interior of which coaxially located oriented shaft toward the annular projection double-seat shaft cylindrical seaming flange with a surface having an annular spigot and a central hole and attached to the docking surface of the end surface of the annular sleeve projection a lid attached to the outer surface of the sleeve bottom. Node and is provided with two intermediate rings, each of which is mounted on the shaft between a gear wheel and a corresponding bearing two bushings with an inner cylindrical surface, one of which is attached an end surface of the inner end surface of the flange, and the other - the end surface to the inner surface of the sleeve bottom, and ring nut with cylindrical internal thread. Thus the outer surface of the annular flange engages liner surface support hole disposed on the crank shafts, and the inner cylindrical surface of the annular projection is in contact with the outer cylindrical surface of the annular flange of the centering collar. On the outer side surface of the sleeve bottom is made the sample to form an end stop surface and the side cylindrical surface. At the end portion of the cylindrical surface is threaded sample that interacts with a threaded ring nut, while the rest of the centering shoulder is formed, which interacts with the surface of the bearing hole located on the side of the shaft journal. End thrust sample surface conjugate with the inner side surface of the gear case located near the reference holes. The side wall of the liner holds at least one hole. To install the rear bearing outer race to the bottom sleeve an axial cylindrical hole with an annular thrust collar. To install the outer race of the front bearing on the inner end surface of the flange is made centering recess. The inner surface of each cylindrical sleeve covers the outer cylindrical surface of the corresponding intermediate ring to form a radial gap therebetween.
Furthermore, it is contemplated that the shaft can be made shoulders disposed on either side of the pinion, the intermediate sleeve mounted on the shaft at respective bosh.
In the gear housing and the bottom sleeve can be made adjustable through radial bearing oil supply channel in the flange and - a front radial bearing oil supply passage, wherein the output of each channel is provided with a groove located in respective bearing cavity and an input - a threaded plug propellant.
It is envisaged that the assembly may be provided with a support ring with a rectangular cross-section, are rigidly fixed in the bearing hole of the gearbox housing, a shaft located on the side of the shank, wherein the outer surface of the annular flange engages liner surface through the support hole of the support ring.
and provided that the assembly may be provided with a second bearing ring with a rectangular cross-section, are rigidly fixed in the bearing hole of the gearbox housing, which is located on the crank pin, wherein the centering shoulder sleeve cooperates with the surface of the support hole through said second support ring.
In addition, the gear may be formed on the nozzle shaft or integrally formed with the shaft.
It recommended on the inner cylindrical surface of each sleeve an annular groove.
Annular grooves may be formed on the outer cylindrical surface of each intermediate ring.
Recommended annular grooves each intermediate ring set cutting metal spring ring.
Depending on design features of a wind turbine drive gear can be made with straight cylindrical teeth or herringbone teeth or helical teeth.
The pinion may be made and conical.
Depending on the nature and magnitude of the load acting on the support shaft can be installed in a radial ball bearing or a radial roller bearing
It is recommended to set the shaft to improve the reliability of tapered roller bearings.
The advantages of the present invention is based on the fact that the site a high-speed gear, which is more than any other machine components subject to wear, is a modular (block) design - it allows you to simplify the assembly and disassembly unit directly to the wind turbine, and repair operations carried out in the factory, ensuring that such way, high-quality repair. In addition, the modular construction of the unit and the thrust of its assembly system increases the rigidity of the entire unit, and installation support rings prevents wrinkling and breaking the surface of the support hole of the gearbox housing in case of manufacturing the last of the light alloys.
The drawing shows a general view of a high-speed gear unit in section.
 |
Node a high-speed gear of a wind turbine gearbox placed in two coaxial supporting cylindrical bore of the housing 1 gearbox and has a front and rear bearings 2, 3 rolling, double-seat shaft 4 with a shaft and pin, the shank of which is mounted in the front bearing 2 and the pin is installed in the rear bearing 3, and a gear wheel with external gearing 5, rigidly fixed on the shaft 4 between the supports and cooperating with the gear mechanism. And node 6 is provided with a cylindrical sleeve ending at one end with a flat bottom 7 and the other end - the annular projection 8 of rectangular profile. The internal cavity 6 coaxial with the sleeve shank is oriented toward the annular projection 8 double-seat shaft 4. In addition to the parts assembly is provided with a flange 9 with a cylindrical coupling surface that has an annular spigot 10 and the central hole and is attached to the docking surface of the end surface of the sleeve 8, the annular projection 6, the cover 11 attached to the outer surface of the bottom 7 sleeve two intermediate rings 12, each of which is mounted on the shaft 4 between the gear 5 and the corresponding bearing, the two sleeves 13 with an inner cylindrical surface, one of which is attached an end surface of the inner end surface the flange 9 and the other end surface of the sleeve is attached to the inner surface of the bottom sleeve 7, 6 and the ring nut 14 with an internal cylindrical thread. |
Wherein an outer cylindrical surface of the annular projection 8 sleeve interacts with the cylindrical surface of the gear case bearing bore arranged at the shaft end of the shank 4 and the inner cylindrical surface of the annular projection 8 is in contact with the outer cylindrical surface of the annular flange 10 of the centering collar 9. The outer surface of the bottom side 7 liner is executed to form a sample end abutment surface 15 and the lateral cylindrical surface. At the end portion of the cylindrical surface is threaded sample that interacts with a threaded ring nut 14, while the rest of the centering shoulder 16 is formed, interacting with the cylindrical surface of the support body 1 apertures gear disposed on the shaft journal 4. End stop surface 15 is associated with the internal sample side surface of the gear case located near the reference holes. To ensure the efficiency of the toothing in the sidewall of the sleeve 6 is performed by at least one opening 17. To install the outer race of the bearing 3 back to the bottom of the sleeve 7 an axial cylindrical opening with an annular thrust collar 18, the lateral outer surface of which is associated with the outer surface of the sleeve bottom. To install the outer race of the front bearing 2 on the inner end surface of the flange 9 is formed centering recess. The inner surface of each cylindrical sleeve 13 covers the outer cylindrical surface of the corresponding intermediate ring 12 to form a radial gap therebetween.
For stiffening the shaft 4 are formed shoulder portions 19 located on both sides of the gear 5. In this case, the intermediate sleeve 12 mounted on the shaft at the bosh.
To improve the lubrication of bearings in the gear housing 1 and the bottom of the sleeve 6, 7 can be made adjustable through radial bearing oil supply channel 3 and in the flange - front radial bearing oil supply channel 2. The output of each channel is provided with a groove disposed in the bearing cavity, and an input - threaded cork propellant.
To exclude buckling and deformation of the contact surfaces of the locating apertures in the manufacture of the gear housing of soft metals, the setting of the bearing ring in the bearing hole 20 located at the shaft end of the shank 4, and installing a second support hole in the support ring, located on the side of the shaft journal.
Depending on the magnitude of the transmitted power, and torque production technology gear 5 can be configured as the push-on shaft and integral with the shaft.
For sealing the bearing cavities on the inner surface of each cylindrical sleeve 13 are formed annular grooves.
To improve the efficiency of internal sealing bearing cavity, instead of performing grooves on the inner surfaces of the sleeves 13, the annular groove may be formed on the outer cylindrical surface 12. Moreover, intermediate rings are installed in the groove cutting metal circlips.
Depending on the type and capacity of the wind turbine and the design features of the transmission gear can be made conical or spur, helical or herringbone.
Depending on the magnitude and direction of the forces occurring in the gearing, the shaft 4 may be mounted in the radial bearings, ball or roller, or to improve reliability, in the tapered roller bearings.
Axial securing sleeve 6 in the housing and lock it against rotation is carried out by tightening the ring nut 14. For additional clamping sleeves against rotation relative to the housing in the bearing housing bore radially mounted pin 21. locking ring nut 14 between the nut and the housing 1 is mounted washer 22 from unbendable legs .
A high-speed gear assembly of a wind turbine gearbox works as follows.
The torque from the low-speed shaft of the wind wheel (air turbine) is transmitted through the adjacent gears (gear mechanism) gear a high-speed gear 5 fixed to the shaft 4 knots, and then through the shaft 4 to the consumer of mechanical energy, such as electric generator, hydraulic pump, compressor, vehicle and etc.
Circumferential, radial and axial forces which arise when a high-speed gear 5 interaction with adjacent gears, are transmitted through the bearings sleeve assembly 6 and the gear housing 1 are seen.
When mounting assembly is inserted axially in the supporting hole of the housing 1 to lock the gear. Thus landing node and centering occurs from the front bearing 2 on the outer surface of the sleeve 8, the annular projection 6 and the rear side bearing 3 centering collar 16 by sampling bottom sleeve 7. Produced tightening sleeve 6 ring nut 14 to lock the end surface 15 of the sample into the inner side surface of the housing positioned at the reference hole. Next, the locking ring nut 14 by folding the tab washer tabs 22.
It should be noted and that the proposed design eliminates the possibility of incorrect assembly unit and its installation on the machine.
High operational reliability and maintainability of the site due to its modular design, which allows to make disassembly and assembly unit assembly on the location of the wind turbine, without compromising the integrity of the other components and parts of the unit, and disassembly, repair, assembly and assembly adjustment to take place in the factory to ensure high quality repair.
CLAIM
1. Host a high-speed gear reducer turbine placed in two concentric cylindrical bearing holes of the gearbox housing and having front and rear bearings, double-seat shaft with shaft and pin, the shank of which is mounted in the front bearing and pin - in the back, and the gear is rigidly fixed on the shaft between the bearings, characterized in that the assembly is provided with a cylindrical sleeve ending at one end a flat bottom, and at the other end - the annular projection of a rectangular profile, in the interior of which coaxially located oriented shaft toward the annular projection double-seat shaft cylindrical flange at the docking surface having an annular centering bead and a central hole and attached docking surface of the end face of the annular sleeve projection a lid attached to the outer surface of the sleeve bottom, two intermediate rings, each of which is mounted on the shaft between a gear wheel and a corresponding bearing two bushings with the internal cylindrical surface, one of which is attached an end surface of the inner end surface of the flange, and the other - the end surface to the inner surface of the sleeve bottom, and a ring nut with inner cylindrical thread, the outer surface of the annular flange sleeve interacts with the surface of the bearing hole located on the side of the shank the shaft and the inner cylindrical surface of the annular projection is in contact with the outer cylindrical surface of the annular centering bead flange on the outer side surface of the bottom liner made sample to form a front abutment surface and a lateral cylindrical surface on the end of the last executed thread cooperating with a threaded ring nut, and on the remaining part is made a centering shoulder, which interacts with the surface of the support hole, disposed on the side shaft stub, the end abutment surface sample conjugate with the internal lateral surface of the gear case located near the reference holes in the sidewall of the liner holds at least one opening for mounting the outer the rear bearing holder in the bottom sleeve an axial cylindrical opening with an annular thrust collar for installing the front bearing outer race on the inner end surface of the flange is made centering recess, the internal surface of each cylindrical sleeve covers the outer cylindrical surface of the corresponding intermediate ring to form a radial gap therebetween.
2. The assembly according to claim. 1, characterized in that the shoulders formed on the shaft, located on both sides of the pinion, the intermediate sleeve mounted on the shaft at respective bosh.
3. Node according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the gear unit housing and the sleeve bottom is made through rear radial bearing oil supply channel in the flange and - a radial forward bearing oil supply channel, wherein the output of each channel is provided with a groove located in the respective cavities bearing and input - threaded plug propellant.
4. An assembly according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that it is provided with a support ring with a rectangular cross-section, are rigidly fixed in the bearing hole of the gearbox housing, a shaft located on the side of the shank, wherein the outer surface of the annular flange engages liner surface reference holes through the support ring.
5. An assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that it is provided with a second bearing ring with a rectangular cross-section, are rigidly fixed in the bearing hole of the gearbox housing, which is located on the crank pin, wherein the centering shoulder sleeve cooperates with the surface of the support hole through said second support ring .
6. An assembly according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5, characterized in that the gear is formed on the push-shaft.
7. An assembly according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5, characterized in that the gear is formed integrally with the shaft.
8. An assembly according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that on the inner surface of each cylindrical sleeve formed annular grooves.
9. The assembly claimed in claim 6 or 7, characterized in that on the outer cylindrical surface of each of the intermediate ring are made annular grooves.
10. An assembly according to claim 9, characterized in that the annular groove mounted cutting metal circlips.
11. An assembly according to claim 6 or 7 or 8 or 9 or 10, characterized in that the gear is formed with straight cylindrical teeth.
12. An assembly according to claim 6 or 7 or 8 or 9 or 10, wherein the cylindrical gear is formed with herringbone toothing.
13. An assembly according to claim 6 or 7 or 8 or 9 or 10, wherein the cylindrical gear is formed with helical teeth.
14. The assembly of claim 6 or 7 or 8 or 9 or 10, characterized in that the gear is conical.
15. An assembly according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the shaft is mounted in radial ball bearings.
16. An assembly according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the shaft is mounted in radial roller bearings.
17. An assembly according to claim 11 or 12 or 13 or 14, characterized in that the shaft is mounted in tapered roller bearings.
print version
Publication date 31.01.2007gg
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