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INVENTION
Patent of the Russian Federation RU2269672
FUEL HYDROELECTRIC POWER STATION WITH UNDERWATER TURBINE
The name of the inventor: Ushakov Grigory Germanovich
The name of the patent owner: Ushakov Grigory Germanovich
Address for correspondence: 659334, Altai Territory, Biysk, Gogol, 216, ap.146, POBox 56, G.G.Ushakovu
Date of commencement of the patent: 2004.06.17
The hydroelectric power plant is designed to convert the energy of a river stream into electrical energy. The device contains a floating base made in the form of a catamaran on which the drive of current generators is placed, current generators, a current stabilization system, an underwater active turbine capable of operating in a completely immersed state, and its hoist. The turbine is made in the form of a belt conveyor mounted on an edge at an angle to the flow of the river. Over the entire width and length of the conveyor belt are fixed turbine blades, made, for example, from an elastic material. Each blade is made in the form of a bucket capable of folding and lying down on the conveyor belt when moving from the working to the idle branch of the conveyor and having on its outer surface a pocket for automatically lifting the blade by the flow of the river, when it goes from idle to working position. The lift of the turbine itself includes a rocker on which a turbine is suspended, one end pivotally attached to the floating base of the station, the second on the turbine frame, with a bevel gear drive mounted on it, in such a way that the longitudinal axis of the hinges of the elevator arm and The longitudinal axis of the driven gear of the bevel gear is located on the same line. In addition, the station is equipped with devices that allow changing the angle of installation of the turbine to the flow of the river during the operation of the station.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to hydraulic engineering and can be applied in any region of Russia and the World.
There are hydroelectric power stations, including floating ones, which use jet turbines as an engine. For example: "Channel hydroelectric station". The patent of the Russian Federation №2002099 С1, МПК F 03 B 17/06. Author Ryzhukhin RS
HPP under the patent №2002099 consists of a turbine, a reducer, a generator with control systems for them. The jet turbine descends into the water stream, which, acting on the turbine blades, placed at an angle to the flow, rotates its shaft, spinning the generator shaft through the reducer.
Two main reasons do not allow the use of jet turbines to generate electricity from the free flow of the river:
1. The power of the hydropower plant is directly proportional to the area of the working blades of the turbine. Due to its design features, it is difficult to achieve a large area of turbine impact in a jet turbine.
2. The hydraulic coefficient of a reactive turbine can not theoretically take more than half its power from a river stream (it usually does not exceed 0.43).
The closest technical essence to the proposed invention is the "Floating Power Station", RF patent No. 2160848, F 03 B 13/00, 17/06. Author Ushakov GG
HPP under the patent number 2160848 consists of a floating catamaran type base on which an active turbine is hinged, each blade being made in the form of a series of buckets installed in line with blind outer generators whose bottoms are recruited from overlapping hinges Forming the bucket of shrouds, whose axes of rotation do not coincide with their longitudinal axis of symmetry and whose rotation around their axis is limited and the shutter itself is made in the form of two thin plates assembled in a bag.
The active turbine according to the patent No. 2160848 is lowered into the flow of the river on the pantograph and is connected with the generator drive through the overrunning clutch, which allows to work for one power take-off shaft simultaneously to several turbines.
The active turbine according to the patent No. 2160848 has proved itself to be a turbine capable of operating without a decrease in the efficiency of a fully immersed in water, like an underwater (bottom) turbine.
However, in the formation of the power of the station, not only the speed of the water flow, but also the total area of the working bodies of the turbine, which is affected by this flow, participates. These are the so-called main factors. In addition to these, the turbine power and the entire station are affected by factors such as the problem of discharging waste water from turbines, and many other factors.
The purpose of the invention is to improve the operational characteristics of the power plants and their power.
The goal is achieved by the fact that the floating hydroelectric power station with a submarine turbine includes a floating base made in the form of a catamaran, on which the drive of current generators, current generators, a current stabilization system, an underwater active turbine capable of operating in a completely immersed state, and its hoist. The underwater active turbine is made in the form of a belt conveyor mounted on an edge at an angle to the flow of the river; along the entire width and length of the conveyor belt, turbine blades are made, for example made of elastic material, each blade being designed as a ladle capable of folding and laying on Conveyor belt in the transition from the working to the idle branch of the conveyor and having on the outside surface a pocket for automatically lifting the blade by the flow of the river, when it moves from idle to operating position, the turbine itself has a rocker on which the turbine is suspended, at one end pivoted On the floating base of the station, the second on the turbine frame, with the bevel gear of the current generators mounted on it, in such a way that the longitudinal axis of the hinges of the elevator arm and the longitudinal axis of the driven gear of the bevel gear are located on the same line, and the station itself is equipped with devices enabling Change the installation angle of the turbine to the flow of the river during the operation of the station.
1 shows a general view of a floating hydroelectric power station - a cross section
2 shows a general view of the station, a view from the side of the turbine
3 shows a general view of a station, a plan view
4 shows a method for installing a station on a river
The floating hydroelectric power plant with the underwater turbine consists of the floating base 1, on which the drive of the current generators is placed. On the special suspension 3 with the elevator 4 on the side of the floating base of the station 1, a turbine 5 with blades 6 fixed on the working surface of the strip 7, the active turbine Station.
The blades 6 of the turbine 5 are made of an elastic material and are plates fixed at one end on the conveyor belt 7 of the turbine 5.
The second end of the plate with the same tape is connected by two flexible bonds 8, these bonds being fixed to the plate in this way (Fig. 3 A) that the center of the plate is obtained as a pocket. When the flow of the river affects the plates and its pocket, it bends it away from the tape by a certain angle, limited by the length of the flexible bonds, and the plate, together with the bonds, takes the form of a bucket deployed against the current of the river. On the frame of the turbine 5, a conical reducer 9 is fixed, which is rigidly connected to the leading turbo-belt driver and through the chain reducer 10, the shaft 11 is connected to the drive of the generators 2. The shaft 11 passes through the entire station and ends with a fork of the cardan gear 12, which allows connecting to the head unit of the station additional Turbines, thereby increasing the plant's power to the specified limits.
On the floating base of station 1 there are placed, in addition to the equipment listed above, the generator drive room 14, bollards, guard rails, emergency anchor 18 and other necessary equipment for any floating equipment. The station on the river is installed at an angle to the flow, as shown in FIG. 4, and is held in working position by the ropes 15 and 17. The front rope 15 is connected to the shore anchor 17 through a winch 16, allowing the angle of attack of the workers The turbine bodies of the station, thereby changing the power of the station both in the direction of its increase when the velocity head of the river falls in shallow water, and in the direction of its decrease when the station is in flood.
The turbine 5 in its working position rests on additional support rollers 19, which completely relieves the suspension and its lift from the force of the flow pressure on it.
The station operates as follows:
In the non-working position, the station stands by the river along the river's stream, moored to shore anchors. To install the station in the working position, you must give the mooring lines, disengage the rope of the winch 16 and push the nose of the floating base of the station into the river. The reactive component of the pressure force on the floating base of the station of the river flow station will pull the ropes and go into the river at a predetermined length of its ropes distance and will be held in this position until the pressure on her flow of the river disappears. Winch 16 sets the angle of attack of the flow to the turbine of the station. It must correspond to the flow rate and the required power of the station. At the low, it is maximum and equal to 45 °, in the flood - minimal, but sufficient to reach the station with a given capacity. To exclude the phenomenon of "yaw" station on the river, when the load on its generator changes, the bottom anchor drops into the river 18.
After installing the station on the river and connecting it to the consumer of the current lift 4, the turbine 5 is lowered into the stream of the river. By the force of the flow pressure on the turbine, it is pressed against the support rollers 19. The same pressure acting on the blades of the turbine of the station turns the turbine turrets, and they in turn through the bevel gear 9, chain reducer 10, shaft 11 spin the generator rotor, Electric current of industrial parameters.
The longitudinal axis of the driven gear of the bevel gear 9 and the axis of the hinges of the suspension 3 on the frame of the turbine are located on the same line, which allows transferring the torque from the turbine blades to the drive of the current generators 5 at any angle of the turbine of the station to the longitudinal axis of its lift 4.
The same thing allows you to lift the turbine from the stream of the river at any time, regardless of the pressure on it of the river's flow and thereby stop the work of the station. In addition, in the drive system of the station generators, a friction clutch is provided that allows the generator to be shut off without disconnecting the turbine and a switch that allows the station to be disconnected from the consumer without stopping its operation.
CLAIM
A floating hydroelectric power plant with an underwater turbine, including a floating base, made in the form of a catamaran, on which the drive of current generators is placed, current generators, a current stabilization system, an underwater active turbine capable of operating in a completely submerged state, and its hoist, characterized in that the underwater The active turbine is made in the form of a belt conveyor mounted on an edge at an angle to the flow of the river, along the entire width and length of the conveyor belt of which turbine blades are made, for example made of elastic material, each blade being designed as a bucket capable of folding and laying on Conveyor belt when moving from the working to the idle branch of the conveyor and having on the outer surface a pocket for automatically lifting the blade by the flow of the river when it goes from idle to working position, the lift of the turbine itself includes a rocker on which a turbine is suspended, at one end pivotally fixed to The floating base of the station, the second one on the turbine frame with the conical reducer of the current generator drive fixed to it, in such a way that the longitudinal axis of the arms of the elevator arm and the longitudinal axis of the driven gear of the bevel gear are located on the same line, and the station itself is equipped with devices that allow changing the angle Installation of the turbine to the flow of the river in the process of the station.
print version
Date of publication 13.01.2007gg
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