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INVENTION
Patent of the Russian Federation RU2078988

WAVE HYDRO POWER PLANT OF SUDILOVSKY AG

The name of the inventor: Anatoly G. Sudilovsky [UA]
The name of the patent holder: Sudilovsky Anatoliy Georgievich [UA]
Address for correspondence:
The effective date of the patent: 1994.02.22

Use in hydropower, as a hydroelectric power transforming the energy of waves. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: on the vertical support under the water level, two vertical shields are hingedly fixed, which in turn are pivotally connected to each other to form an acute angle in the plan, on the bisector of which there is a vertical support. In the vertical shields symmetrically and parallel to the bisector of the angle there are two horizontal branch pipes with hydroelectric units, the blades of the hydro turbines are made rotary.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to hydropower, and more particularly to wave hydroelectric power plants using the energy of waves emerging on the surface of seas and oceans and is intended for power supply of stationary offshore platforms having their own power plants to reduce noise and save energy in the presence of unrest.

Currently, the power supply of stationary offshore oil and gas production platforms and pumping platforms of oil transshipment complexes is carried out with the help of diesel or gas turbine power stations operating continuously regardless of the presence of sea waves.

These power plants are simultaneously the main sources of noise impact on personnel and large consumers of expensive energy carriers.

At the same time, there are known wave hydroelectric power stations that convert the energy of waves and the open sea into electricity and, in case of their connection by underwater cable with sea platforms, during their excitement, it is possible to disconnect their own power stations and, thus, to reduce noise and save energy.

Wave hydroelectric power plant "Crab" contains a pontoon with a hydraulic unit located on it, uniform piston pumps with a rod located evenly around the perimeter of the pontoon, and at least three flexible connections connected to anchors, each of which is connected in series, at least, Two piston pumps, while the discharge lines of reciprocating pumps are connected in parallel to the hydraulic unit.

For the mobile connection of the discharge pipes of the reciprocating pumps, compensators are provided to each other and to the collector of the hydraulic unit located on the pontoon.

During the excitement, the pontoon is influenced by flexible connections to piston pumps, the discharge lines of which are connected to a hydroelectric generating electric current (see AS No. 1767208, class F 03 B 13/12, 1992).

For the power takeoff, the phase velocity of the waves is not used. Velocity of the waveform.

The necessity of using piston pumps, expansion joints and a manifold complicates the design of the hydroelectric power plant.

The presence of a pontoon with positive buoyancy reduces reliability and does not allow the wave hydroelectric station to be interlocked with the offshore platform.

These shortcomings are partially eliminated in wave hydroelectric plants using the phase velocity of waves.

A well-known hydroelectric power plant (see French application No. 2369440, cl. F 03 B 13/12, 1978) contains a composite vertical support consisting of a floating platform with clamps and at least two reversible hydroturbines placed in horizontal cylindrical The nozzles installed under the water level are symmetrical about the axis of the support and power generators.

The electric generators are located separately inside the platform and connected to the hydro turbines by means of bevel gears.

Along the perimeter of the floating platform there are a number of channels of curved shape with inlet apertures, constrictions and shut-off valves for supplying water from the sea through outlet openings to the tank located at the top of the platform, connected through pipelines with valves with horizontal branch pipes.

Under the influence of sea waves with the direct or reverse approach of waves, when the axes of the nozzles coincide with the direction of the phase velocity vector of waves through the horizontal pipes, the largest mass of water passes, rotating the reversible hydro turbines placed in them and the electric generators located inside the floating platform, which operate at rated power.

Simultaneously, the channels fill the container with water from the sea by converting the kinetic energy of the incoming waves into a potential energy of ascent irrespective of the direction of the phase velocity vector of the waves.

With the oblique approach of the waves, the flow of water through the nozzles decreases and the power falls.

To stabilize the load of the hydropower plant, valves are opened on the respective pipelines and the missing volume of water is supplied from the tank under hydrostatic pressure to the horizontal branch pipes in front of the hydraulic turbine working wheels.

The necessity of using a composite vertical support complicates the design of the hydroelectric power station and does not allow it to be locked with the offshore platform.

Fixed fixing of horizontal branches with hydro turbines relative to the axis of the vertical support, requiring the use of reversible hydraulic turbines, capacity, a system of channels with shut-off valves and pipelines with valves complicates the design of the hydroelectric power station.

The presence in the composite vertical support of the floating platform, which has a positive buoyancy and contains a room for electric generators, reduces the reliability of the operation of the hydroelectric power station.

The use of power generators requiring a separate room excludes their placement in horizontal branch pipes together with hydro turbines and complicates the design of the hydroelectric power station.

The object of the present invention is to simplify the design and increase the reliability of the wave hydroelectric power plant.

This problem is achieved by the fact that a known hydroelectric power plant comprising a vertical support supported at the bottom and at least two hydroturbines disposed in horizontal cylindrical pipes installed under the water level symmetrically with respect to the axis of the support and electric generators is provided with two vertically arranged shields hinged on the support , Made in the form of a solid pile of circular cross section and pivotally connected to each other with the formation of an acute angle, the support being located on the bisector of the latter, and the nozzles are placed in shields, while the hydro turbines placed in the nozzles are aggregated with capsule-type electric generators.

Hydro turbines can be made with rotary blades.

In a wave hydroelectric power plant, one of the vertical supports of a stationary offshore platform can be used as a vertical support.

Provision of a vertical support with two vertically arranged shields hinged on a support made as a solid pile of circular cross section and pivotally connected to each other to form an acute angle, the support being located on the bisector of the latter, placing the nozzles in the panels, and assembling the hydro turbines placed in the nozzles with electric generators The capsule type makes it possible to simplify the design of the hydroelectric power station.

Excluding a floating platform with positive buoyancy makes it possible to improve the reliability of the wave hydroelectric station.

The performance of hydraulic turbines with rotary blades ensures the stabilization of the load of the hydroelectric power station as the phase velocity of the waves changes.

Application in a hydroelectric power plant as a vertical support of one of the vertical supports of a fixed offshore platform allows to block a wave hydroelectric power station with a sea platform.

In Fig. 1 shows a general view of the wave hydroelectric power station in the initial position from the front; In Fig. 2 is a sectional view of AA in FIG. 1.

The wave hydroelectric power plant contains a vertical support 1 with clamps 2, 3 vertical shields 4, 5 with semirings 6, 7 and plates 8, 9 and horizontal pipes 10 with hydraulic aggregates 11.

Vertical support 1 is designed for hinging vertical shields 4, 5 with horizontal pipes 10 and hydraulic aggregates 11 at a depth ensuring full submergence of the boards under the water level at a wave height corresponding to the calculated phase velocity of waves and represents a solid pile of circular cross-section.

To this end, at the top of the support at a certain height, there are at least two pairs of clamps 2 that serve to sense the load from the mass of the vertical shields 4, 5 and transfer it to the vertical support 1, and on the support head one pair of clamps 3 for Fixing shields from accidental movement up along the support.

The yokes 2, 3 are fixedly mounted on the vertical support by means of fasteners, are structurally identical and differ from each other only by the upper or lower position of the horizontal support surfaces by which they contact the corresponding surfaces of the half rings 6, 7.

Each clamp is a detail of an arc-shaped profile of an arcuate shape in the plane, the inner radius of which is equal to the intermediate radius of the vertical support 1, and the height is somewhat less than the latter.

The ends of the clamps 2, 3 are covered with plates with holes in the center for the fasteners.

The clamp connectors are offset by 90 ^° in plan relative to the half-ring connector plane 6, 7 for continuity of contact of the respective surfaces.

In order to be able to automatically orient the inlets of the horizontal nozzles 10 in the direction opposite to the phase velocity vector of the waves, the vertical support 1 is located on the bisector of the acute angle Which form in the plan two pivotally connected vertical shields 4, 5.

In this case, the axis of the vertical support is located as close as possible to the top of the corner, which is necessary for the joint operation of two moving shields under the action of the phase velocity of waves, similar to the weathervane.

As a vertical support, one of the vertical supports of a stationary offshore platform can be used, which allows the wave hydroelectric power station to be interlocked with the offshore platform.

Two hinged vertical shields 4,5 forming an acute angle a in the plan and rotating around the vertical support 1 are designed to automatically orient the inlet openings of the horizontal nozzles 10 installed in the boards with the hydroelectric units 11 in the direction opposite to the phase velocity vector of the waves, which is necessary for The most efficient operation of hydraulic units.

The principle of the action of vertical shields is similar to the action of a two-bladed flywheel in a weather vane, which, under wind action, is set so that the vertex of the angle a between the blades is directed towards it, and in this case towards the waves.

Vertical shield 4 is a plate of a rectangular shape of a rigid structure, which in plan has the form of a straight line.

In the front part of the shield in the middle, in height, there is an opening for fixing the horizontal branch pipe 10 with hydraulic unit 11 so that the branch axis is parallel to the bisector of angle a.

Outside the front end of the vertical shield 4, at the top and at the bottom, there are at least two horizontal brackets for swiveling to the shield 5.

The shield, in turn, is pivotally connected to the vertical support 1 by means of the semirings 6, 7 and the plates 8.

The vertical shield 5 has a similar design and differs from the shield 4 only by the presence of at least two pairs of horizontal brackets and the shape of the plates 9.

The swivel connection of vertical shields 4, 5 to each other with the help of horizontal brackets serves for the possibility of mounting the boards on a vertical support with clamps 2, 3.

The semirings 6, 7 are shown for hinging the vertical shields 4, 5 with the plates 8, 9 on the vertical support 1, located above the yokes 2 and contacting them with the support surfaces located in the lower part.

In addition, the semi-rings 6 have in the upper part additional support surfaces with which they can abut against the respective surfaces of the yokes 3 by accidentally moving the shields up along the support and thereby fixing them in the operating position.

In order to reduce the resistance when turning shields 4, 5 half-rings 6 and clamps 3 are installed with a gap in height.

Each of the two half-rings 6 is a part of the channel profile in the form of a semicircle, the inner radius of which slightly exceeds the outer diameter of the vertical support 1.

Semirings 7 are similar in construction and differ only in that they are made of an angular profile.

The ends of the half rings 6, 7 are closed with plates with holes in the center for the fasteners.

The terminals of the semirings are offset by 90 ^° in plan relative to the plane of the connector of the clamps 2, 3 for continuity of contact of the corresponding surfaces.

The plates 8, 9 serve for the fixed connection of the vertical shields 4, 5 with the semi-rings 6, 7, ensuring a predetermined acute angle In terms of and the location of the axis of the vertical support 1 on the bisector of the angle, as close to its top as possible to create a weathervane effect.

At least two rigid construction plates 8, 9 located above and below the height symmetrically to the axes of the horizontal nozzles 10 connect the vertical shields with the corresponding half rings, which in turn being interconnected by themselves work as one unit, providing free rotation of the shields Around the support.

Between the plates and nipples there are stiffeners.

Horizontal nozzles 10 are designed for fixed attachment of hydraulic aggregates 11 in vertical shields 4, 5 below the liquid level, and to ensure uniform distribution of the velocity field in water flows in front of the hydroturbines and represents cylindrical tubes with open ends whose longitudinal axes are parallel and symmetrical to the bisectrix of the acute Angle a between the shields in the plan, as close as possible to the vertical support 1 and the top of the corner to create a weathervane effect.

The cutoff planes of the inlet openings of the nozzles are at the same level as the hinged joints of the vertical shields, and the ends of the outlet holes are symmetrically arranged with respect to the centers of gravity of the horizontal nozzles 10 with hydraulic aggregates 11 aligned with the center of gravity of the cross section of the vertical support in order to optimize the load on the support from Mass of hydraulic units.

To increase the flow rate of water through the hydro turbines, the branch pipes can be made with confusers at the inlet and diffusers at the outlet of the liquid.

Hydraulic aggregates 11 serve for the direct conversion of the high-speed pressure of sea waves into electric power and are flow-through non-reversible blade hydroturbines with rotary blades, aggregated with capsule-type power generators.

The hydraulic units are coaxially fixed inside the horizontal nozzles 10 immersed under the water level with the help of three radial supports evenly spaced around the circumference.

The hydropower plant works as follows.

HYDROELECTRIC POWER STATION WORKS AS FOLLOWING

In the initial position, the inlet openings of horizontal nozzles 10 with hydraulic aggregates 11 and the vertex of acute angle a formed in the plan by two vertically connected vertical shields 4, 5 submerged under the water level and, in turn, pivotally supported by a vertical support 1 on the bisector , Are directed in the direction opposite to the phase velocity vector of the waves.

When the waveform is moved from front to back at the design speed, the velocity head of the mass of water passing through the horizontal branches 10 acts on the turbine blades, which convert the kinetic energy of the water flows into rotation of the electric generator shafts that generate the electric current.

In this case, the rotary blades of the hydro turbines are in the middle position with a certain angle of attack.

When the phase velocity of waves is increased above the calculated blades, they rotate so that the angle of attack of the blades decreases and vice versa.

In both cases, the load of the wave hydroelectric power station is stabilized.

Provision of a vertical support with two vertically arranged shields hinged on a support made as a solid pile of circular cross section and pivotally connected to each other to form an acute angle, the support being located on the bisector of the latter, placing the nozzles in the shields and aggregating the hydro turbines located in the nozzles Capsule type electric generators make it possible to simplify the design of the hydroelectric power station.

The exclusion of the floating platform, which has a positive buoyancy, makes it possible to improve the reliability of the wave hydroelectric plant.

The implementation of a hydroturbine with rotary blades ensures the stabilization of the load of the hydroelectric power station as the phase velocity of the waves changes.

Application in a hydroelectric power plant as a vertical support of one of the vertical supports of a stationary offshore platform allows to block a wave hydroelectric power station with a sea platform and, thus, in the presence of excitement, to reduce noise and save energy.

CLAIM

1. A wave hydroelectric plant comprising a vertical support supported at the bottom of the reservoir and at least two hydroturbines disposed in horizontal cylindrical pipes installed under the water level symmetrically relative to the axis of the support and electric generators characterized in that, in order to simplify the design and increase the reliability of operation , The hydroelectric power plant is equipped with two vertically arranged shields hinged on a support made as a solid pile of circular cross section and pivotally connected to each other to form an acute angle, the support being located on the bisector of the latter, and the nozzles are housed in shields, Hydro turbines are combined with capsule-type power generators.

2. A hydroelectric power station according to claim 1, characterized in that, in order to stabilize the load when the phase velocity of the waves changes, the turbines are made with rotary blades.

print version
Date of publication 12.01.2007gg

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