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INVENTION
Russian Federation Patent RU2086799
streaming hydropower plants
Name of the inventor: Sudilovskiy Anatoly G. [UA]
The name of the patentee: Sudilovskiy Anatoly G. [UA]
Address for correspondence:
Starting date of the patent: 1992.07.15
Usage: hydropower, and more particularly in the hydropower plants that use the energy of large and small rivers of the plains, the bottom of sea currents, and as the main channel, etc... The inventive submerged in the water body mounted chain paddle conveyor enveloping vertically disposed sprocket and kinematically connected to an electric generator, whereby each vane conveyor is designed as a pivoting about a horizontal flap axis, the axis is attached to the blade symmetrically with the formation of two parts, one of which is heavier than the other, and the distance between the axes of adjacent blades made smaller than the length of the blade.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to hydropower, and more particularly to hydro power plants that use the energy of large and small rivers of the plains, the bottom of sea currents and the open drains and artificial origin, such as main and other channels.
There are river hydroelectric power using the potential energy of water by concentrating the pressure as the difference between the levels, of which the most common hydroelectric dam.
They contain the dam, the reservoir, the building with the working bodies in the form of water turbines connected with power, and the navigation lock for the passage of ships.
The disadvantages of the dam of hydroelectric power plants are flooded vast areas occupied by arable land, forests and mineral deposits, the transfer of existing residential buildings from the flood zone, the decay of water in artificial reservoirs as a result of the rapid propagation of blue-green algae, natural disaster hazard in the event of destruction of dams.
These drawbacks are eliminated in hydroelectric directly using the kinetic energy of the fluid flow.
Known streaming hydroelectric power, which is a chain-paddle conveyor, enveloping sprocket axes are mounted perpendicular to the surface of the earth, the stars in the recesses of the shore of the deepest places of the river, and the working branch of the blade of the conveyor in the unfolded state may pass freely in the supply channel, which is located in the riverbed from the shore. The blades of the concave working surface of one end pivotally attached to the chain conveyor and further connected thereto by flexible connections. To reduce the load on the lower shaft bearings Stars vertical annular air tanks are capable of reducing the buoyancy of the latter. On the part of the flow of water is installed butterfly valve with actuator (see. USSR Patent N 1821 kl. The F 03 B 13/12, 1926).
When water is flowing through the channel branches located at the idler conveyor in the folded position the blade is fully deployed and the availability of flexible ties are held in the work branch perpendicular to the flow of fluid, allowing movement and rotation of the conveyor chain sprockets, one of which is kinematically connected to an electric generator.
Uneven load on the bearings of the weight of the paddle conveyor chain, the need to use special devices to reduce the load on the lower bearings stars determines the complexity of the design hydroelectric streaming.
The need for accommodation in the most deepest point of the river eliminates the use on small rivers and canals.
Hydroelectric power for given dimensions is limited to the design of the blades.
These drawbacks are partially eliminated in the hydroelectric power stations streaming with a horizontal paddle conveyor.
Known streaming hydroelectric plant that uses the energy of the fluid flow, periodically changes its direction (see. Aut.'s Certificate. USSR N 1020620, cl. The F 03 B 13/12, 1983), which contains a fully immersed in the water body and set it to the actuator a horizontally disposed endless paddle conveyor, enveloping drums and cinematically connected to an electric generator. The vanes are flat plates with a working surface and rigid links forming a right triangle in cross section with the joints at the vertices, by which they are connected to the conveyor. The body is provided with axially spaced from the drum pipes with installed at the opposite branch conveyor rotary dampers.
The flow of water moving from one direction enters the pipe, closing valve, and routed to an open portion of the conveyor, rotating drums. At the same time the second valve opens, allowing the free passage of water. When changing the direction of flow is reversed the above process is repeated in reverse order.
The need for full immersion stream hydroelectric hull into the water excludes its application on small rivers and canals.
Hydroelectric power for given dimensions is limited to the design of the blades.
The present invention is the streaming hydroelectric power increase and expansion applications.
The result is achieved by the fact that a certain stream hydroelectric containing completely or partially submerged beneath the level of the liquid body and set it working body in the form of a paddle conveyor chain, sprockets and enveloping cinematically connected to an electric generator, blades are designed as turning around the axes of flaps.
Implementation of the blades in the form of pivoting around a shutter axes allows ceteris paribus increase the working surface of the blade and thus increase hydroelectric power.
Partial body immersion in water below the top of the blades on the working branch of the pipeline design ensures traction and makes it possible to use streaming hydropower plants on small rivers and canals.
Performing the blades overlap each other in a horizontal plane to reduce resistance to movement of branch conveyor idler.
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FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a hydroelectric streaming section; FIG. 2 Plan 4; FIG. 3 section AA in FIG. 2.
Streaming hydroelectric comprises a housing 1 with a nozzle 2 and a diffuser 3 confuser 4, sprockets 5, 6, shaft 7, 8, a chain 9, the blade 10 with the axes 11, flexible connection 12, the rotary damper 13, the actuator 14 and the electric generator 15.
The housing 1 is welded hollow structure in which ends at the bottom of two holes arranged coaxially arbitrary, for example, a rectangular shape for passing water flow, and is designed for installation in its operating element in the form of a chain conveyor paddle.
By inlet pipe body 1 is mounted 2, which serves to install the water supply valve 13 and the rotary drive 14.
To the liquid pipe inlet 2 is attached to confusor 3 which is designed to accelerate the water flow through the housing, and the outlet diffuser for equalizing internal and external flow velocity of the flow. In the case of partial immersion into the water body 1 and a diffuser confuser performed by suitably narrowing and widening inner flow only in the horizontal plane.
Paddle conveyor chain consists of two chain transmissions containing sprockets 5, 6, 9 and chain shafts 7.8, interconnected axes 11 equally spaced along the length of blades 10, made in the form of asymmetric rotary valves and serves to convert the kinetic energy of water flow passing through the bottom of the housing 1, into a rotary motion of the shaft 7 which is kinematically connected to an electric generator 15.
The blades 10 are plates of any such rectangular shapes with arbitrary example concave working surface fixedly mounted on axles 11, with respect to which they are divided into main long and extra short portions that jointly on the working conveyor branches perceive water flow pressure and convert him in traction chains 9.
Availability in additional shorter blades can increase the portion of the working surface, which in turn makes it possible to increase the capacity of the selection of the flow of energy and improve the capacity of hydroelectric streaming.
Furthermore, the performance of the blades 10 in the form of asymmetrical flaps with a long and heavy core part allows the blades on the working branch of the conveyor at a stop streaming hydroelectric automatically installed and in a vertical position, it is necessary for the subsequent starting.
The same effect can be achieved when the blades in the form of symmetric flaps, one of which parts operate the main function will be weighted.
Working surface of the base portion of blades 10 are connected with the axes of the blades 11 adjacent flexible links 12 which are intended to retain the blades on the working branch of the conveyor in a perpendicular position with respect to the oncoming fluid flow.
The distance between the blades (pitch) is selected smaller than the length of the main portion to provide for single branch conveyor overlay blades 10 on each other to form a surface of "fish scales", having a minimum resistance when moving in liquid or in air at a partial immersion of the body 1 in the water.
The damper 13 rotatable with the drive 14 is fixedly attached to flat plate axis shaped in conformity with the inner cross section of the nozzle 2, but is somewhat smaller and the latter is used to start, stop and regulate power and hydroelectric stream when changing the liquid flow rate.
Hydroelectric power station works as follows
In the initial position completely submerged below the liquid level body 1 is filled with water, the damper 13 turning closed the blade 10 on the working branch of the conveyor are upright and their flexible connections 12 are extended to its full length, but not stretched, the blades on the single branch conveyor are laid one on the other, forming a surface-type "servile scales" and their flexible connection completely sag, the blade 10 with its flexible connections 12 on the sprockets 5, 6 are in an intermediate position.
After opening the valve 13, water flow through the rotary confusor 3 and nozzle 2 at a rate exceeding the rate of flow from the outside, enters the bottom of the housing 1 in which the branch conveyor and the working fluid begins to press on the blade 10 tends to rotate around their axes 11.
However, since the flexible connection 12, pulling, continue to hold the blade in its original vertical position, perpendicular to the direction of flow, at the working surfaces of the vanes, a pressure force which is converted in the traction circuits 9, causing, in turn, rotate continuously Stars 5, 6 , shafts 7 and 8 kinematically connected to the shaft of the electric generator 7 15.
The blades 10, moving from working in the branch conveyor 5 star, out of the flow zone and enter the calm water area, located in the upper part of the body.
Thus, under the action of the resultant force of gravity, which is the difference between the force of gravity of the main long and more short pieces of the blade, turning around the axis 11 are beginning to overlap each other to form on blank branch pipeline is well streamlined surface like "fish scales" full sagging flexible ties 12 .
On the sprocket 6, the reverse process of moving blades of the calm waters of the zone in the flow zone, accompanied by automatic complete reversal of the blades 10 in the working position by the same resultant force of gravity and keep them in this position by means of the fully stretched in length, but not tense flexible 12 ties.
Further, the blades are moved to a working branch of the pipeline and the above cycle is repeated continuously.
Performing streaming hydroelectric containing completely or partially submerged beneath the level of the liquid body and set it working body in the form of a paddle conveyor chain, sprockets and enveloping cinematically connected to an electric generator with blades made in the form of rotary dampers around the axes can increase hydroelectric power.
Partial immersion of the body under the liquid level makes the expansion of the scope of hydroelectric streaming possible.
Performing the blades overlap each other in a horizontal plane to reduce resistance to movement of branch conveyor idler.
In the event that an application asking the invention on the basis of the law to assign the invention of the author's name.
CLAIM
1. Stream hydroelectric comprising a submerged body and mounted therein actuator designed as a paddle chain conveyor sprocket enveloping vertically arranged and kinematically connected to an electric generator, characterized in that each blade is formed as a conveyor rotatable about a horizontal axis of the damper, wherein the axle is attached to the blade to form two symmetrical parts, one of which is heavier than the other.
2. Hydroelectric according to claim 1, characterized in that the distance between the axes of adjacent blades made smaller than the length of the blade.
print version
Publication date 12.01.2007gg
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