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INVENTION
Russian Federation Patent RU2129213
THERMAL POWER PLANT
Name of the inventor: Valentin V. Korneev
The name of the patentee: Valentin V. Korneev
Address for correspondence: 393700, urban settlement Pervomayskiy, Tambov region., 4-3 ul.Bolnichnaya, Valentin V. Korneev
Starting date of the patent: 1998.06.18
The invention is intended to generate electricity and can be used in the national economy. Thermal power plant comprises a tubular cylindrical boiler with upper and lower drums, turbine generator, the working fluid heating and cooling system, which includes the fan, pump, condenser pipes and ducts equipped with shut-off and regulating valves. are essential moments station: Outside application (summer and winter) to heat the liquid nitrogen and its transformation into the gaseous phase with a predetermined pressure and temperature, and the intake manifold for air is installed at the entrance to the part of the boiler, the other input of the working fluid in the lower a drum, and operating the pump body pressure line passes through a heat exchanger in countercurrent with the cold air of the boiler. The invention allows for clean technology for producing electricity with high efficiency.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to the field of power engineering, in particular to power generation technology under the traditional scheme "energy boiler-turbine-generator", and can be widely used in the national economy to generate electricity without the formation of harmful waste.
It is well-known methods of producing electricity in thermal power plants, where steam is used as the working fluid. Before the steam supply to the turbine it must be heated using coal, natural gas or oil of natural origin. Known and methods of electricity generation in hydro power plants, wind power plants, tidal power, solar thermal power generators, nuclear power plants, etc.. The thermal, nuclear and hydroelectric power plants generate a lot of harm to mankind. Heat throw a lot of harmful gases and dust. Hydroelectric power plants violate the water regime of rivers, flooded forests, adversely affect the flora and fauna. Nuclear bring radioactive waste, disposal of which is an insoluble problem. Power tides and wind is considered environmentally friendly, but they are thin and can not solve the energy problem.
The closest analogue of the claimed invention is a conventional thermal power plant operating on solid, gaseous or liquid fuel, as described in the book "Fundamentals of Hydraulics and Heat Engineering" Chernov AV et al. Publisher "Energy". Moscow. 1976, p. 378-379. This plant consists of a boiler, turbine generator, condenser, fan, cooling tower, pump and piping and stop-regulating valves.
For the construction of a thermal power plant, which is a complex of buildings and structures, requires significant production facilities, large stocks of fuel, extracted from the earth, which are not unlimited, and lately much exhausted.
Object of the invention is to provide a thermal power plant, which would eliminate the consumption of fuel and provide clean technology for producing electricity with high efficiency.
The new technical result is achieved in that the thermal power plant, comprising a tubular cylindrical boiler with the lower and upper rolls working fluid, a turbine, a generator and the heating system (cooling) of the working fluid, comprising a fan, a pump, a condenser, a heat exchanger, two compressors, two vessels Dewar with pipelines are constructed as dewars, and shut-off and control valves, as energy is applied the air, as coolant - liquid air as the working medium nitrogen circulating in the system, the boiler-turbine-condenser-vessel Dara pump -teploobmennik-boiler, the latter being mounted horizontally and equipped with a system configured as a working fluid heating ducts, wherein the intake manifold for supplying air is installed at the boiler inlet on the side opposite the working fluid entry into the lower drum, a fan installed at the entrance site the working fluid in the lower drum, and the line for the pressurized working fluid supply pump passes through the heat exchanger in counterflow with the cold air of the boiler.
The new technical result is achieved, and by the fact that the upper and lower drums of a boiler are connected by tubes made in the form of concentric circles that are perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the boiler, in the shell of the boiler under the lower drum holds a window facing the adjoined to the shell boiler duct of rectangular section, inside of which is mounted a conveyor belt for the removal of ice.
Besides, the technical result is achieved in that the heat from the refrigerant to the second artificially established temperature level selected by means of a compressor, which creates a vacuum in the evaporator of the refrigerant vessel causes the refrigerant to boil at decreasing temperature due to the internal energy, and the resulting vapor (gaseous air ) released into the environment.
Further the new technical result is achieved by the fact that the completion of the loss of refrigerant is carried out a second compressor that selects cooled in boiler air from the flue downstream of the fan and passes it through a heat exchanger in countercurrent with the cold working fluid after the supply pump, as a result of the cold air is compressed and flows into refrigerant tank in the required quantity and quality.
The invention is illustrated by drawings, where an example of the inventive plant. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the power plant, Fig. 2 - a cross-section of the boiler.
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The proposed thermal power plant consists of a horizontal cylindrical boiler 1 (FIG. 1-2), a centrifugal fan 2, an impulse turbine with a generator 3, mounted one behind the boiler, a condenser 4, a Dewar vessel for liquid working medium 5, 6 of the plunger pump, heat exchanger 7 compressor 8, the circulating centrifugal SPLA 9, Dewar 10 refrigerant, heat extraction of the compressor 11, evaporator 12.
Immediately itself consists of a boiler shell 13, upper drum 14, the lower drum 15. The upper and lower drums are connected by tubes 16, made in the form of concentric circles that are perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the boiler.
Upper boiler drum equipped dimensional glass (not shown). The boiler 1 and mounted ultrasonic unit (not shown) to remove ice from the boiler constructions. Below the bottom of the boiler drum 15 in the shell 1 a window 13 is facing in a longitudinal rectangular channel box 17, inside which is installed a conveyor belt 18 for removing ice blades. The box 17 closed by a cover 19. The cover 19 is mounted on a hinge 20 and a rotation angle. The boiler is mounted on supports 21, one of which is "dead". The proposed thermal power plant works as follows.
5 dewar filled with working fluid (liquid nitrogen) in the required amount at a temperature of -198 o C.
The Dewar vessel 10 is filled with refrigerant (liquid air) at a temperature of -205 o C.
With the plunger pump 1, the boiler 6 is filled with liquid nitrogen, and then comes into operation a centrifugal fan 2. The fan 2 blows the inner space of the boiler. Liquid nitrogen is heated and vaporized. Upon reaching the pressure in the boiler, for example, 300 kgf / cm 2 and a temperature of 0 o C, nitrogen gas is supplied to the turbine 3, which produces work and is cooled. After three turbine working fluid enters the condenser 4, where countercurrent by a circulating pump 9 is supplied refrigerant (liquid air) with a temperature of -205 o C. In the condenser completely condensed working fluid is cooled to -198 o C and flows into the dewar 5 and the refrigerant is heated to -197 o C and enters the evaporator 12 dewar 10.
The evaporator has a considerable length, which is necessary in order to increase the residence time of the refrigerant in the evaporator. The refrigerant flows through the evaporator section is not full, i.e. It has a surface evaporation.
Cooling of the refrigerant performed by the compressor 11, which creates a vacuum in the evaporator. The refrigerant evaporates at a low temperature due to the internal energy. The vapor (air) compressor 11 shown in and removed to the environment, and the refrigerant is cooled to a predetermined temperature and flows into the Dewar vessel 10, and by a circulating pump 9 is supplied to the condenser.
The amount of refrigerant is constantly decreasing due to the fact that the compressor 11, throws it into the environment in gaseous state. Coolant loss is replenished by the compressor 8 which selects the cold air with a temperature of -190 o C, exiting from the boiler, and sends it to the heat exchanger 7, which comes from the working fluid in countercurrent with the temperature of -198 o C.
Since the air flow from the compressor 8 will be three times less than the working fluid flow, the heat exchanger is fluidized in air and cooled to -197 o C and enters the evaporator 12 dewar 10 where it will further cooled to the desired temperature.
During work on the pipes and drums of the boiler is formed ice. Ice is discharged from the boiler construction by means of ultrasound, falls onto the belt conveyor 18 and the blade is removed.
The main advantage of the proposed thermal power plant is that it is environmentally clean. Compared with other thermal power plants that use or convert the energy of a fuel or an atomic nucleus, the claimed TPP allows air and nitrogen, which are in working condition.
For the proposed power plant does not need to build buildings and structures, except for the turbine hall. Thermal power plant can be operated in automatic mode, and it can be built in any corner of the globe.
CLAIM
1. Thermal power plant comprising a tubular cylindrical boiler, a turbine, a generator and a system of heating (cooling) of the working fluid, comprising compressor, condenser coil and dewar with pipes and shut-off and control valves, characterized in that it comprises a fan, a pump, the second vessel Dewar and the second compressor, which together with the first compressor constitute a refrigerant circuit - liquid air as an energy source is applied the air, and as a working body - nitrogen circulating in the boiler system - turbine - condenser - Dewar - pump - heat exchanger - copper, the latter being installed horizontally, provided with a system configured as a duct working fluid heating, with the intake manifold for supplying air is installed at the inlet of the boiler from the side opposite the working fluid entry into the lower drum, a fan is installed in place of the working medium inlet into the lower drum and the pressure line for working fluid supply pump passes through the heat exchanger in counterflow with the cold air of the boiler.
2. Power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper and lower drums are connected to the boiler tubes are in the form of concentric circles that are perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the boiler, the boiler to the shell underneath the lower drum holds a window facing the adjoined duct to the shell of rectangular section, inside which is installed a conveyor belt to remove the ice.
3. Power plant according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the heat from the refrigerant to the second temperature level is artificially generated by a compressor is selected which creates a vacuum in the refrigerant vessel causes the refrigerant to boil at a temperature lowering due to the internal energy, and the resulting vapor ( gaseous air) released into the environment.
4. Power plant according to claims 1 - 3, characterized in that the replenishment loss of refrigerant is carried out a second compressor, which selects the cooled air from the boiler flue downstream of the fan and passes it through a heat exchanger in countercurrent with the cold working fluid after the supply pump, as a result of cold air and liquefied refrigerant enters the tank in the required quantity and quality.
5. Power plant according to claims 1 - 4, characterized in that the boiler installed deicers, such as an ultrasonic generator.
print version
Publication date 13.02.2007gg
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