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INVENTION
Patent of the Russian Federation RU2182383
COMBINED POWER SYSTEM WITH MOLECULAR
ELECTRICITY SUPPLYER
The name of the inventor: Bulavkin VV; Gerasimov AF; Dzhanibekov VA; N. Koroviakov; Nikitin A.N .; Petukhov VA; Polyashov LI
The name of the patent holder: Bulavkin Vyacheslav; Gerasimov Arkady Fedorovich; Dzhanibekov Vladimir Aleksandrovich; Nikolai Ivanovich Korovyakov; Nikitin Albert Nikolaevich; Petukhov Vladimir Alekseevich; Poliashov Leonid Ivanovich
Address for correspondence: 115230, Moscow, Kashirskoye sh., 5-1-66, VG Kopaevu
Date of commencement of the patent: 2001.06.06
The invention relates to the field of electrical engineering and can be used in combined power installations based on capacitors with a double electric layer. The technical result of the invention is an increase in the efficiency of the power plant. According to the invention, the composition of the power plant comprises a drive motor (1) mechanically coupled via a reducer or a multiplier (2) to an alternator (3), to the terminals of which a stationary AC consumer (4) and a controlled rectifier (5) connected via a controlled switch (6) with a reversible inverter (7), to the output of which an impulse consumer of an alternating current (8) is connected. A DC impulse consumer (9) with a controlled switch (10) is connected to the output of the controlled rectifier (5) and a power storage system made of a series-connected molecular energy storage device (11) and a charge-discharge device (12) consisting of a reverse diode 13), in parallel to which are connected the series-connected thyristor (14) and the first current-limiting resistor (15), wherein the thyristor control electrode (14) is connected to the auxiliary DC consumer (18) through the capacitor (17) and the second current-limiting resistor (16). The ramified control system (20) contributes to the efficiency of the power plant through the clear connection of various consumers to it.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to the field of electrical engineering and can be used in combined power installations based on capacitors with a double electric layer.
A combined power plant is known, comprising an engine connected to an electric power generator, to the output of which a rectifier connected via a battery to the inverter is connected to the output of which the electric consumer is connected, and several monitoring systems (see US Pat. No. 5,698,905, cl. 290-32, op 1997). In a known power installation, an AC consumer is connected to an inverter, and a DC consumer is connected to a battery.
The disadvantage of the known combined power plant is its insufficient efficiency, due to the low specific power characteristics of the battery and the lack of the possibility of selective connection to the power plant of consumers of generated electricity.
The closest in terms of technical nature to the claimed is a combined power plant with an electric power storage system, comprising a drive motor mechanically coupled through a transmission element with an electric generator to the terminals of which a rectifier connected through a power storage system with an inverter, a stationary consumer of an alternating current and a control system See Ivanov AM, Polyashov LI, Ivanov SA, "Hybrid power plants for electric buses", "Mechanical Engineering", 2000, 10, pp. 18-21). In a known power plant, a supercapacitor is used as a power storage system, a stationary consumer of an alternating current is connected to the output of the inverter and the control system is connected only to the drive motor.
The disadvantage of the known combined power plant is the imperfection of the electric power storage and control system, and the complexity of connecting various consumers of generated electricity, which leads to unproductive losses and reduces the efficiency of the power plant.
The object of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the combined power plant while increasing its operational reliability.
The solution of this problem is provided by a new combined power plant with a molecular power storage unit, comprising a drive motor mechanically coupled via a transmission element to an electric generator, to the terminals of which a rectifier connected via a power storage system with an inverter, a stationary consumer of an alternating current and a control system is connected, The energy storage device is embodied in the form of a series-connected molecular energy storage device and a charge-discharge device to which the DC auxiliary consumer is connected, via a controlled switch connected to a controlled breaker that is connected between the rectifier being controlled and the inverter made reversible; It is preferable that the charging and discharging device is performed in the form of a reverse diode in parallel with which a current-limiting resistor and a thyristor connected in series are connected, whose control electrode through the capacitor and the second current-limiting resistor is connected to the auxiliary DC consumer; Generator to perform as an alternator, to the terminals of which a stationary consumer of an alternating current is connected; The power plant is additionally supplied with a pulsed DC consumer with a control switch connected to the outputs of the controlled rectifier; The power plant is additionally supplied with a pulsed AC consumer connected to the output of a reversible inverter; Control system to perform connected to a controlled motor, alternator, controlled rectifier, reversible inverter, charge-discharge device, controlled switches and controlled circuit-breaker; Drive the motor mechanically match with the generator by means of a reducer or a multiplier; The molecular storage of electric power is performed in the form of a block consisting of series-connected capacitor elements with a double electric layer; Charge-discharge device to perform in the form of a block whose output terminals are connected to a molecular storage of electric power and to one of the poles of a controlled rectifier.
In the claimed combined power plant, an increase in efficiency is achieved through the implementation of an energy storage system in the form of a series-connected molecular energy storage device and a charge-discharge device, preferably on semiconductor elements and through the introduction of controlled switches and a breaker connected to the control system. Molecular storage of electricity uses the phenomenon of the formation of a barrier electric field on the interphase surface of the electron and ion conductors and due to the developed surfaces in the transition zone it is possible to provide very high specific energy intensities. When the power plant is running, the consumer periodically connects to a molecular storage device and, thanks to its high specific power, it is possible to provide a steep rise in the current and thereby accelerate, for example, the acceleration of the electric motor. In the claimed power plant, a stationary consumer of an alternating current and a controlled rectifier are connected to the outputs of the alternator, to the output of which a stationary consumer of direct current with a switch is connected, which makes it possible to accurately regulate the amount of energy consumption and increase the efficiency of the power installation by reducing unproductive losses. The charge-discharge device connected to the control system additionally regulates the charging and discharging of the molecular energy storage device and simultaneously creates the possibility of connection to the power installation of the auxiliary DC consumer. The declared power plant uses a ramified control system on microprocessors, which allows to reduce unproductive expenses of generated electricity and increase the efficiency of the combined power plant.
The figure shows a block diagram of the claimed combined power plant with a molecular energy storage.
The power plant comprises: a drive motor 1 mechanically coupled via a transfer element 2 to an alternator 3 to which the permanent AC consumer 4 is connected to the outputs and a controlled rectifier 5 which is connected to a reversible inverter 7 via a controlled breaker 6 to the output of which an impulse or Short-term action of the AC consumer 8, while the DC rectifier consumer 9 is additionally connected to the output of the controlled rectifier, with a controlled switch 10 and a consecutively connected molecular energy store 11 and a charge-discharge device 12 comprising a reverse diode -13, in parallel Which is connected in series with a thyristor 14 and a current limiting resistor 15, wherein the thyristor control electrode through the second current limiting resistor 16 and the capacitor 17 is connected to a DC auxiliary consumer 18 that is connected via a controllable switch 19 to a controlled switch and a control system 20 that is connected to A drive motor 1, an alternator 3 controlled by a rectifier 5, controlled by switches 10 and 19, controlled by a breaker 6, a charge-discharge device 12 and a reversible inverter 7.
As the driving motor 1, for example, a carburettor, diesel, pneumohydraulic, gas turbine wind turbine can be used. The transmission element 2 through which the driving motor 1 is coupled to the electric generator 3 is preferably carried out as a multiplier or gearbox. The electric generator is executed in the form of an alternator 3, to the terminals of which a permanent AC consumer 4 is connected and a controlled rectifier 5 which is preferably implemented as a unit. Molecular energy storage (see AM Ivanov and AF Gerasimov, "Molecular storage of electric energy on the basis of a double electric layer", "Electricity", 1991, 8, pp. 16-19) 11 is performed in the form Series capacitor elements with a double electrical layer that are housed in a housing with terminals, one of which is connected to the pole of the controlled rectifier 5 and the other to the charging and discharging device 12. Preferably, the charging and discharging device 12 is based on a thyristor 14 in the form of a block , One input terminal of which is connected to the molecular energy storage 11 and the other to the pole of the controlled rectifier 5. The inverter 7 is reversible, which allows the user 8 to charge the molecular energy store 11, for the purpose of accumulating, for example, the braking energy of the traction motor.
The work of the declared combined power plant with a molecular storage of electric power will be considered on the example of using it as an electric power source in a vehicle made in the form of a hybrid electric bus.
After starting the driving motor 1 and removing it and the alternator 3 to the nominal mode at a constant engine speed, the power plant supplies the electric energy of the alternating current to the constant consumer 4 and the DC energy, the auxiliary consumer 18, which is connected when the controlled switch 19 is actuated. A contour including the positive pole of the controlled rectifier 5, the second current limiting resistor 16, the capacitor 17, the thyristor control electrode 14, the first current limiting resistor 15 and the negative pole of the controlled rectifier 5. The short-time operation of the controlled switch 19 is sufficient to charge the capacitor 17 and open the thyristor 14 through which The charge of the molecular storage of electric power 11 begins. At the end of the charging process, the device is ready for action and when the controlled switch 10 operates, the molecular storage of electric power 11 is discharged to the DC consumer 9. The voltage drop on the reverse diode 13 is inverse for the thyristor 14 and the latter is locked. When the controlled switch 10 is opened, the molecular power storage 11 is disconnected from the controlled rectifier 5 and the DC consumer 9 due to the closed state of the thyristor 14 and the back-up of the diode 13. On the molecular power storage 11, the voltage occurred at the terminals of the controlled rectifier 5 at the time of reduction Discharge current of the drive to zero. Under reduced voltage, the molecular store of electric power 11 will remain until the controlled switch 19 is turned on when generating the next discharge pulse.
Similarly, when the controlled switch 6 is triggered, the molecular energy store 11 is discharged to the AC consumer 8 via the reversible inverter 7. When the open switch 6 is opened, the molecular power store 11 is disconnected from the controlled rectifier 5 and the consumer 8 due to the closed state of the thyristor 14 and the reverse switching Diode 13.
In the operating modes of the claimed combined power plant, the molecular energy storage 11, unlike the known combined power plants, is not permanently connected to the controlled rectifier 5 and is in a partially discharged state, which allows to increase the operational reliability of the power plant.
In comparison with the known, the declared combined power plant with molecular energy storage allows to increase the efficiency of energy conversion by more than 15% due to a more perfect system of accumulation of electricity, reducing unproductive energy and fuel consumption. The installed power of a drive motor and a generator operating at constant revolutions can be reduced by at least 30%.
The claimed combined power plant with a molecular energy storage can be effectively used in autonomous power plants, in particular, in power plants with electric startup of carburetor and diesel internal combustion engines, electric vehicles and other types of electric transport, in short-time, short-time, mobile X-ray and impulse installations.
CLAIM
1. A combined power plant with a molecular energy storage device comprising a drive motor mechanically coupled via a transmission element to an electric generator to the terminals of which a rectifier connected via a power storage system to the inverter is connected, a stationary consumer of an alternating current and a control system, characterized in that the storage system Energy is performed in the form of a series-connected molecular energy storage device and a charging and discharging device, while an auxiliary DC consumer is connected to the charger output via a controlled switch connected to a controlled breaker that is connected between the rectifier executed by the controlled and the inverter made reversible.
2. The power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that the charging-discharge device consists of a reverse diode in parallel to which the first current-limiting resistor and a thyristor connected in series are connected, the control electrode of which through the capacitor and the second current-limiting resistor is connected to the auxiliary DC consumer.
3. The power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that the generator is made in the form of an alternating current generator, to the terminals of which a stationary consumer of an alternating current is connected.
4. The power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that it additionally incorporates a pulsed DC consumer with a controlled switch connected to the outputs of the controlled rectifier.
5. The power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that an alternating current impulse consumer connected to the output of the reversible inverter is additionally introduced thereto.
6. An energy installation according to any one of the foregoing paragraphs, characterized in that the control system is connected to a drive motor, an alternating current generator, a controlled rectifier, a reversible inverter, a charge-discharge device, controlled switches and a controlled circuit breaker.
7. The power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that the drive motor is mechanically coupled to the generator by means of a transmission element in the form of a reducer or a multiplier.
8. The power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that the molecular storage of electric power is made in the form of a block consisting of series-connected capacitor elements with a double electric layer.
9. The power plant according to claim 1 or 8, characterized in that the charging-discharge device is made in the form of a block whose input terminals are connected to a molecular energy storage device and to one pole of a controlled rectifier.
print version
Publication date 16.02.2007gg
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