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INVENTION
Patent of the Russian Federation RU2295179

CHEMICAL SOURCE OF RESERVE TYPE

The name of the inventor: Bystrov Yuri Alexandrovich (RU); Kudryavtsev Nikolai Anatolievich (RU); Krasnobryzhiy Andrey Vasilyevich (RU); Rusin Alexey Ivanovich (RU); Nikolsky Vadim Vadimovich (RU); Alexeyev Sergey Borisovich (RU); Varipaev Vladimir Nikolaevich (RU); Ivanov Anton Alekseevich (RU); Kozyreva Yuliya Mikhailovna
The name of the patent holder: JSC "Accumulator company" Rigel "(RU)
Address for correspondence: 197376, St. Petersburg, ul. Prof. Popov, 38, JSC "Rechargeable battery company" Rigel "
Date of commencement of the patent: 2005.06.15

The invention relates to the chemical current sources of a reserve type and can be used in the manufacture of current sources with a flowing alkaline electrolyte. According to the invention, the chemical current source comprises an anode based on aluminum alloys, a silver oxide cathode and an alkali in the dry state, characterized in that an inert filler is introduced into the alkali in the dry state. The volume of inert filler to the volume of dry alkali is (1 ÷ 3): 5, respectively. As an inert filler, an additive of any crushed alkali-resistant material selected from the group consisting of plastics, glass, ceramics and mixtures thereof is used. The size of the crushed additive is the average fraction, preferably in the range of 3 to 8 mm. The technical result of the invention is to eliminate the clumping of dry alkali, which, when dissolved, leads to a high concentration electrolyte. Thus, the time of activation of a chemical source of a current of a reserve type is shortened after long storage.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to chemical back-up current sources (HIT) and can be used in the manufacture of current sources with a flowing alkaline electrolyte formed by dissolving dry alkali (potassium or sodium) with sea water.

A chemical current source activated by sea water is known based on the AgO / Al electrochemical system with a flowing alkaline electrolyte (French patent No. 2605804). It contains a device for regenerating the electrolyte and separating the aluminates that are formed during the discharge process. Sea water is supplied to the HIT and circulated by a pump.

There is also a reserve HIT activated by sea water on the basis of the AgO / Al electrochemical system with a flowing alkaline electrolyte (patent of France No. 260 08322). HIT contains an electrolyte tank, divided by a partition into two parts, which at the start of the HIT are filled simultaneously. At the first stage of the discharge, an electrolyte is used from one part, then from another. Since during the operation of HIT, the concentration of aluminates in the electrolyte is directly proportional to the given capacity, the use of a tank of two parts allows maintaining higher characteristics of the HIT during the discharge by switching to a pure electrolyte. The total return on the capacity of HIT at the same time increases.

Common in both of the above devices is that before the activation of the HIT, the alkali in the electrolyte tank is in a dry state. Possessing high hygroscopicity, dry alkali during long storage easily cakes (cracks), as a result of which the process of alkali dissolution occurs very unevenly. This circumstance reduces the intensity of alkali dissolution and leads to the fact that the primary alkaline electrolyte entering the electrochemical block in the first seconds after bringing the current source into operation has a reduced concentration, as a result of which the performance of the HIT in the initial stage of the discharge decreases.

The task to solve the proposed invention is to eliminate the clumping of dry alkali in order to intensify the process of its dissolution, which will make it possible to obtain a primary alkaline electrolyte of high concentration and thus increase the performance of HIT at the initial stage of the discharge.

The task is solved by the fact that an inert filler is introduced into the dry alkali by mixing, with a volume (1 ÷ 3): 5 with respect to the volume of dry alkali. As an inert filler, an additive of a crushed alkali-resistant material selected from the group consisting of plastics, glass, ceramics and mixtures thereof is used, wherein the size of the crushed additive is preferably in the range of 3 to 8 mm.

The table presents comparative data on the dissolution of NaOH in water without filler and with the use of a filler at a water temperature of 5 ÷ 20 ° C. As a criterion for the intensity of dissolution, the concentrations of NaOH solution obtained by dissolving dry alkali in running water for 5 seconds were used. The ratio of the volume of the filler to the volume of NaOH is taken as 3: 5 with the size of the crushed alkali-resistant material of about 5 mm.

It can be seen from the table that the NaOH solution obtained as a result of dissolution with the use of a filler has a higher concentration than the solution obtained by dissolving without the filler at the same time.

Thus, the use of an inert filler in the dissolution of alkali during the activation of a chemical source of current of a reserve type allows to provide high characteristics of the HIT at the initial stage of the discharge and to substantially shorten the time it takes to operate after long-term storage.

CLAIM

1. A chemical current source of a backup type comprising an anode based on aluminum alloys, a cathode of silver oxide and an alkali in the dry state, characterized in that an inert filler is introduced into the alkali in a dry state by stirring.

2. A chemical current source of a backup type according to claim 1, characterized in that the volume of inert filler to the volume of dry alkali is (1 ÷ 3): 5, respectively.

3. A back-up type chemical current source according to claim 1, characterized in that an addition of a crushed alkali-resistant material selected from the group consisting of plastics, glass, ceramics and mixtures thereof is used as an inert filler.

4. A back-up type chemical current source according to claim 1, characterized in that the addition of the crushed alkali-resistant material is a middle fraction, preferably in the range of 3 to 8 mm.

print version
Date of publication 05.04.2007gg

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