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INVENTION
Patent of the Russian Federation RU2182398

METHOD OF ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSFORMATION OF ELECTRIC ENERGY
IN MECHANICAL, AND VEHICLES

The name of the inventor: Valery Dmitrievich Dudishev; Zavyalov Stanislav Yurievich
The name of the patent owner: Valery Dmitrievich Dudyshev; Zavyalov Stanislav Yurievich
Address for correspondence: 103009, Moscow, ul.Strasta bp, 4, building 3, office 44, S.Yu. Zavyalov
Date of commencement of the patent: 1998.12.04

The invention relates to electromechanics, namely to the field of reversible electromechanical conversion of electrical energy into mechanical energy, and vice versa. It is assumed that the mutual displacement of bodies, one of which or both, has an electric field and the ability to accumulate electric charges, but also the force interaction of these electrically charged bodies, provided that at least one of them or both bodies has one or more degrees of freedom. It is envisaged to regulate the force of mechanical interaction and the speed of motion by changing the magnitude of the electric charge and the dielectric constant of the medium in which this interaction takes place. The variants of the technical solution for the translational and rotational motion of the rotor of the electromechanical converter are considered, in particular, using electret materials as an electric field source. The proposed methods provide reduced current consumption and improved power. The possibility of implementing a regime for the circulation of electric charges along the phase plates of a multiphase electrical machine is provided, i.e. The mode of the highest energy saving with its minimum heating.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to electromechanics, more specifically to methods and devices of reversible electromechanical conversion of electrical energy into mechanical energy and mechanical energy into electrical energy, and can find wide application in industry, transport, household appliances and other fields of human activity, especially in electric vehicles, instead of uneconomical inductive electric Machines.

The method of reversible electromechanical conversion of energy (electrical energy into mechanical energy and mechanical energy into electrical energy) based on the phenomena of electromagnetic induction and self-induction, and the phenomenon of force interaction of electromagnetic fields is known and found widespread in virtually all technical fields, by force interaction Electromagnetic fields, or magnetic fields of permanent magnets with electromagnetic fields of the current circuit ( analogue - see Electrotechnical Handbook, Moscow, 1980 )

All known electric inductive machines and converters realize this particular method and operate in reversible modes (both in the generator mode and in the engine mode).

Without a known method of electromechanical energy conversion and inductive electric machines and converters working on the basis of this method, modern civilization is inconceivable. Electric power (electricity), household and industrial electrical engineering, electric transport and many other technologies are based on the use of this method, known by Faraday more than 150 years ago, for electromechanical energy conversion and inductive electric machines based on it.

Disadvantages of the known analogs (method and devices) consist in the technological complexity of the implementation of the method, in the considerable material capacity and the high cost of devices for its implementation (inductive electrical machines), the limitations of the permissible operating voltage (no higher than 6 kV ) on the condition of electrical breakdown of insulation of machine windings, Properties of materials to temperature and vibrations.

In addition, the known electromechanical method is energy-intensive, since significant electric currents flow through the windings of inductive electrical machines and converters to create electromagnetic fields. Due to the high thermoelectric Joule energy losses in the inductive windings of such machines, and due to the loss of electrical energy to the creation of an electromagnetic field and the consumption of considerable reactive power by them (up to 20-30% of the total power of the machine), the efficiency of electromechanical energy conversion in inductive electric machines is not high enough, For example, with the most common machine capacities from 5 to 40 kW, the efficiency of inductive electric machines does not exceed 70-75% .

A method for reversible electromechanical conversion of electrical energy into mechanical energy and mechanical energy into electrical energy is known, based on the phenomena of electrostatic induction (separation and directing of electric charges), electrostriction, pyroelectricity and ferroelectricity, and electromechanical transducers and capacitive electrical machines based on them I.I. Bertinova "Special electric machines", M., 1982 ).

This method, in principle, makes it possible to improve the efficiency of the electromechanical conversion of electrical energy, since the force interaction of electric fields through the bodies that form them is millions of times stronger than the force interaction of (electric) magnetic fields, with the same energy costs for their creation and the same mass.

However, historically, due to imperfections of the devices of these machines and materials used in them, the method is used mainly in the reversible generator mode ( for example, in high-voltage electrostatic generators of Van de Graaf ), but in the direct conversion of electric energy into the mechanical method, In low-power piezoelectric and electrostrictive engines ( ibid., P. 352 ).

The phenomenon of the force interaction of electric charges and the Coulomb law are widely known, which establishes the quantitative characteristics of this force interaction. ( Physical Encyclopedic Dictionary, M., 1984, p.334 ).

Numerous experiments have confirmed that the forces of interaction of electric charges are enormous, for example, electric charges of 1 Cl at a distance of 1 m act on each other (opposite-like charges are attracted and the charges of the same name are repulsed) with a force of 9 · 10 ⁹ Newtons! ( Book of SG Kalashnikov "Electricity", a textbook for universities) Moscow: Nauka, 1985, p.17 ).

The main problem with the use of these electric forces for electromechanical energy conversion is the creation and retention of electric charges and electric dipoles in interacting bodies.

A prerequisite for the development of the present invention was significant progress in the late 20th century in the field of electrical insulators, dielectrics, non-current sources of electric field / electrets and contactless controlled high-voltage voltage converters (for information on electrets, see Luschekina GA "Polymer Electrets", M ., 1976, on high-voltage contactless voltage converters - see, "High-frequency transistor transducers" book Authors: EM Romash et al., Moscow, 1988 )

In addition, a method for converting energy is known by moving a body that is the source of an electric field relative to the capacitor plates ( see JP of Japanese Patent No. 2-219478 ).

The disadvantages of the known technical solution include the impossibility of obtaining mechanical energy from the energy of the electric field and the unreliability of the contact-brush assembly. This sharply limits the term of trouble-free operation of such an electromechanical device due to (wear of the brushes), and the permissible speed of rotation of the generator electrets. On the other hand, the mechanical switching of high-voltage voltages from the capacitor plates (otherwise the generator is extremely low-power and only suitable as a speed sensor) will lead to an electric arc at the point of pick-up and overheating of the contact points of the generator shaft with brushes. All of the listed essential drawbacks of the prototype will remain even when trying to practically use this device in the motor mode.

Our invention (method) advantageously differs from this prototype in the reliability of contactless electromechanical electret devices implemented on its basis, as well as a number of new properties of such new devices as described in the text of the description of the invention.

The aim of the inventions is to increase reliability, economy and expand the scope of the electromechanical energy conversion method.

In the case of its implementation of the proposed methods and practical implementation on an industrial scale, it is possible to significantly improve the power of electromechanical converters, since at lower electric currents, it is possible to obtain a significantly higher efficiency, in particular, by minimizing heat losses and lack of hysteresis losses, especially with the technical improvement of electrets , Electrical insulators and capacitors.

The problem of the claimed method is solved due to the fact that in the method of energy conversion by moving the body, which is the source of the electric field, relative to the capacitor plates, the energy of the electric field of the body being mono-electret is converted, for which it is placed between the uncharged plates of the electric capacitor, then this capacitor is charged and The frequency of the rocking of the body is determined by changing the frequency of recharging of the capacitor plates.

The development of the method consists in that the force of the interaction of the charged capacitor plates with the moving body is regulated by changing the value of the charge of the plates.

In the method for converting energy by moving the body that is the source of the electric field relative to the capacitor plates, the energy of the electric field of the mono-electret body and the capacitor are converted into the mechanical energy of the unidirectional mechanical movement of the mono-electret in the direction of the oppositely charged capacitor plate by introducing the electret into a pre-discharged capacitor and Placing close to one of the plates, and electrically charging the capacitor plates, wherein a remote capacitor plate with an aperture is provided to provide a mono-electric outlet.

The development of the method consists in the fact that the speed of the emission of a monoelectret is regulated by the magnitude of the electric charge on the capacitor plates, but also by the fact that the speed of emission of the electret is increased by connecting additional pre-charged impulse high-voltage capacitors to the capacitor plates, and at the moment of the electret exit beyond the capacitor of its plate Discharged or recharged.

In the method for converting energy by moving the body that is the source of the electric field relative to the capacitor plates, the energy of the electric field of the charged capacitor is converted into the mechanical energy of the reciprocating motion of the metal body by electrically charging the metal body at the moment of touching one of the charged capacitor plates with subsequent electrical repulsion From it, moving to the opposite plate of the capacitor charged with the opposite sign, recharging the body and repulsing it from the electrode, and the polarity of charges on the plates of the electric capacitor does not change, but only replenish the charge as the charges are transferred by the body.

In a method for converting energy by moving a body that is the source of an electric field relative to the capacitor plates, a rotating electric field is created in the capacitive electrical machine by spatially shifting the fixed plates and applying high voltage potentials to the electrodes with an appropriate time shift from the multiphase semiconductor high-voltage switch, and the cylindrical rotor of the machine Are made dielectric, with the corresponding second movable plates electrically connected thereon.

The development of the method consists in that the gap of the electric machine is evacuated or filled with an inert gas with a high dielectric constant.

The development of the method consists in regulating the speed and the torque of the rotor by changing the frequency, amplitude, and phase of the voltage on the stator stationary plates of the capacitors.

In the method for converting energy by moving the body that is the source of the electric field relative to the capacitor plates, the energy of the traveling electric field of the stator is converted into mechanical energy of the translational motion of the body from the mono-electret, while the capacitor plates are attached to the n-phase converter and subsequently move the charges along the plates in such a way , So that under the body there is always a charged capacitor plate.

The essence of the electromechanical transformation of the electric field energy into the kinetic mechanical energy of the translational motion of an electrically charged body consists in the Coulomb force interaction of the electric charges of the capacitor plates with the electric field of the electret, or with an asymmetrically placed length of the distance between the capacitor plates by the electric dipole and the other capacitor introduced into the electric field, for example Metal rotor.

The essence of the electromechanical transformation of the electric energy of a rotating electric field in the gap of an electrical machine into the mechanical energy of rotation of the rotor consists in the concentration of electric power lines between the plates of the stator capacitors and with the appearance of an electric moment that rotates the rotor synchronously with the frequency of rotation of the electric field.

In connection with the fact that the force of interaction of electric charges, referred to the mass, is several orders of magnitude higher than the electromagnetic interaction force applied to inductive electric machines, and in connection with the practical absence of Joule heat losses in the proposed method and devices, the efficiency of the latter is much higher , Than known. The implementation of the new method and devices based on them is less material-intensive, in such converters there is no need for reactive (inductive) power, so there is an additional effect of saving energy while increasing the efficiency.

The implementation of this method and devices in practice will, in particular, create an efficient economical electric vehicle, high torque electric drives that are promising for use in industry. Examples of implementing the invention (a method and devices based on it are shown in FIGS . 1-6 .

LIST OF ELEMENTS OF THE DEVICE

1. Movable body is the source of an electric field (monoelectret) or another potential carrier (reservoir) of electric charge. In FIG. 2, reference numeral 1-1 denotes an electret 1 ejection port, and in FIG. 4, 1-2 denotes a reinforcing electret base-the metallic portion of a new generation electric vehicle piston, based on this linear electret machine.
2. A stationary accumulator of electric charges is a working electric capacitor. 1 is a surface; 2, 3 ; - plates of flat capacitors; In Fig. 5 - the lining of three cylindrical capacitors (2-1; 2-2; 2-3); 6 is a set of n-flat plates of capacitors.
3. Electrical insulating gasket.
4. Electric load (in the generator mode) or a source of electric charges in the propulsion mode.
5. Grounding.
6. An electric power source, for example a battery or a polyphase AC network ( FIG. 5, 6 ).
7. Pulsed capacitor capacitor.
8. A high-speed switch is a switch (charge circulator). 5, it is shown in more detail for a 3-phase version: consists of 6 fully controllable high-speed keys k1-k6, control circuit 8-1 including a current and voltage phase-shift meter, zero-body, instantaneous current sensor 8-2 and a sensor The voltage is 8-3.
9. Semiconductor frequency converter with amplitude and frequency control of output voltage; 9-1 is a control diagram. In FIG. 4, it is two-phase, in FIG. 5, 6, multiphase.
10. Vacuum working chamber of the electromechanical converter.
11. The body of the working chamber.
12. Sealing gaskets.
13. Piston rod (rotor of a reciprocating electric machine).
14. Feed-through electrical insulators.
15. The shaft of a rotating electric machine.
16. Sensor of speed (rotation, movement) of the rotor 1.
17. Electret inserts.
18. Protective dielectric coating.

A list of devices for implementing the method shown in FIGS . 1-6 .

1 shows the simplest embodiment of our method for producing electric power by moving an electric field source (mono-electric) relative to an initially uncharged surface.

In Fig. 2 is illustrated by a simple device variant of the method of converting the energy of an electric field into mechanical energy (kinetic) of a translational unidirectional accelerated motion of an electret.

In Fig. 3 shows a simple electromechanical pendulum that converts the energy of the electric field of the plates of a charged capacitor into reciprocating motion of a suspended metal load; the same device with a rotor in the form of a metal cylinder is shown.

4 shows an embodiment of the method in the device of an adjustable linear electret machine of reciprocating action operating in reversible modes.

In Fig. 5 shows an apparatus realizing a new reversible method for converting electromechanical energy for the case of a rotating electric field and rotating an electret rotor therein. The rotation of the field is achieved in the motor mode, it is achieved by means of multiphase spatially shifted plates of cylindrical capacitors containing fixed plates on the stator and by supplying them with multiphase high voltage voltages, and the movable electret rotor converts the energy of these fields into mechanical energy or electric power depending on the electric cars. In the same device, a method and a device for circulating charges along the phase plates of stator capacitors are provided, which provide the mode of the highest energy saving in the motor mode. We note the additional merit of multiphase capacitive electric machines with semiconductor converters, which consists in the circulation (flow) of electric charges along the capacitor plates, i.e. In the practical preservation of the total electric charge, which makes such machines extremely economical in comparison with widely used inductive electric machines. The device is operable both when working from a standard AC mains and in an autonomous mode, for example, from an onboard battery.

Note: The method of forced circulation of currents in multiphase inductive electrical machines is patented in a.c. The USSR 1372464; 1389634 .

In Fig. 6 shows a monorail multiphase linear electret condenser motor that allows efficient movement of its electret rotor, rigidly connected to the carriage for the cargo and passengers, and at the same time its levitation relative to the segment-electret monorail.

DESCRIPTION OF THE DEVICE WORK

Electric power generation ( FIG. 1 )

The simplest electromechanical converter ( FIG. 1 ) clearly implements the proposed method and operates as follows: when the electret 1 moves relative to the current-carrying plane 2, the electric electromotive force is induced in the latter, the magnitude of which is proportional to the speed of movement of the electret, its electric field strength, and the area of ​​this plane, Therefore in load 4 at these instants of time there will be a current that is constant in one direction of movement of electret 1 and alternating with its reciprocating motion, as a result of which excess electrical charges will go through the load circuit to the ground 5.

Unidirectional accelerated movement of the electret ( FIG. 2 )

A variant of the unidirectional accelerated departure of the electret 1 from the flat capacitor 2 when charging its plates is shown in FIG . Essentially, this device makes it possible to convert the energy of the electric field into mechanical energy of the motion of the electret. Indeed, as the left plate 2-1 of the capacitor 2 closest to the initially fixed electret 1 is charged, the electric repulsion force of the same electric charges increases, after compensating the frictional force, the electret begins to move away from the plate 2-1 to the plate 2-2, and at high speed The charge build-up on this plate realized by the pulse capacitor 7 causes the electret 1 to jump out through the through hole 1-1 in the opposite plate of the capacitor 2-2. Naturally, the acceleration and the rate of emission depend on the relationship between the body mass and the electric repulsive forces of like charges of the electret and the plate 2-1. Therefore, for the maximum efficiency of such a shot, it is necessary to recharge or at least discharge the plates of the condenser 2 at the time of the passage of the electret 1 through the hole 1-1 to prevent its speed being quenched by electric attraction by the plate 2-2. This mode implements the switch 8 in the electret position function with respect to the plate 2-2.

The simplest method of reciprocating the rotor-conductor oscillation in the electric field of a flat capacitor ( FIG. 3 )

This device performs an electromechanical conversion of the energy of the electric fields of the capacitor 2 and the induced charge on the moving ball 1 from the electret to the mechanical energy of oscillations of the ball of electret 1.

Initially, the movable metal ball 1 starts periodic reciprocating oscillations between the plates 2-1 and 2-2 of the flat capacitor charged from the high voltage source 6. At the moment of contact of the ball 1, it is recharged and the repulsive force directs it to the opposite plate of the capacitor. The period of oscillation of such a pendulum depends on the ratio of the mass and charge of the ball 1, on the one hand, and, on the other hand, the electric repulsion forces of these bodies and the distance between the plates of the capacitor 2.

A linear electret-capacitive electric machine ( FIG. 4 )

The structure of the device ( FIG. 4 ) is given above (list of element designations).

The device realizes the method in reversible regimes and has high energy indices. The device works as follows:

1. Motor mode

   In the initial position, the electret rotor 1 pressed onto the reinforcing support 1-2 is first installed in one of the end positions of the working chamber 10, for example, in the extreme left position. After applying a high voltage to the left plate of the capacitor 2-1 of the sign of the same name with the electret of the sign through the switch 8 from the high-voltage capacitor 7, previously charged through the voltage boost converter 9 from the power source 6 (for example, from the on-board battery), the electret piston starts to repel from this plate Under the influence of the Coulomb electric force and approaches the opposite plate of the capacitor 2-2 charged with the opposite electric sign. At a certain point in time, as determined by the control system of the switch 8, the capacitor 2 is recharged by switching the outputs of the switch 8 and the electret piston starts returning to the plate 2-1.

   Due to the high specific repulsive forces-the attraction of electrically charged plates and electret with small primary currents consumed from the on-board electric power source-this device allows to obtain higher energy indices than linear inductive machines, so the device can find wide application in new generation electric vehicles in place of inductive electric Machines.

2. Generator mode

   The device makes it possible to obtain electricity due to the electromechanical transformation of the mechanical energy of the moving source of the electric field with respect to the charge accumulator-capacitor.

Indeed, in the case of forced reciprocating motion of the rotor 1 through the rod 13 and the crank (not shown in the drawing), an electromotive force will be induced on the plates of the condenser 2, proportional to the speed of the electret and its intensity, with a frequency proportional to the frequency of the rotor oscillations. In this case, the switch 8 and the unit 9 operate in the rectifier mode, and the generation current from the low-voltage output of the unit 9 charges the battery 6, which in this case performs the electric load function 4.

Rotation of the electret rotor in the electric field of the stator and the circulation of electric charges along the phases of the stator capacitors ( Fig. 5 ).

5 , the device of the original electric drive is shown which makes it possible to implement the method in reversible modes when the rotor 1 rotates in a three-phase electric field formed by spatially displaced stator capacitors 2, the switch 8 providing for continuous circulation of electric charges along the phase plates of the capacitors 2, which reduces the power consumption 6. In the stand-alone version, the most suitable, for example, in new generation electric vehicles, the multi-phase frequency converter 9 is designed as an inverter (inverter) that converts the DC voltage of the battery ( 12 volts ) into a corresponding three-phase voltage regulated in amplitude and frequency.

DEVICE WORKS AS FOLLOWING

1. Motor mode

   When a three-phase alternating voltage is applied from a high-voltage network, for example 6 kV , to spatially shifted plates of stator capacitors 2 mounted on electrical insulators 3, an adjustable rotating electric field is created in the gap 10, which gradually leads to the electret rotor 1 synchronously with the increase of the rotation frequency of the field The frequency of rotation of the electric field vector under the action of the Coulomb force interaction of the hetero-electric rotor and the corresponding charged capacitor plate. The capacitive current of the stator capacitors consumed from the network 6 can be substantially reduced by circulating electric charges from phase to phase when the voltage or current of this phase passes through zero. For this purpose, in the switch 8 there are fully controllable high-speed gate valves K1-K6. At the moment of transferring the charge of the plate 2-1, the key K1 is disconnected from the network 6, but the key K4 is closed. The signal for this switching is generated by the zero-organ that is part of the control circuit of the switch 8-1 together with the current sensors 8-2 and the voltage 8-3. Then the keys K1-K3 can only compensate for the Joule thermal losses of the electric machine. As a result, the efficiency of such a machine is close to 100% .

   The speed of the rotor is controlled by changing the frequency and amplitude of the output voltage from block 8 as a function of the speed sensor 16.

2. Generator mode

   In this mode, the electret rotor 1 is forced to rotate through the shaft 15. An electromotive force is proportional to the speed of rotation of the rotor 1 on the 2-1,2,3 stator capacitor plate, which in the case of exceeding the network voltage amplitude through the switch 8 inverts the generator current into the network 6. Naturally, an autonomous generator mode for receiving electricity from such a machine is also possible, then the electric load 4 must be switched on instead of the electric grid 4, the frequency of the induced multiphase voltage will be proportional to the rotation speed of the electret, and the switch 8 can serve as a demodulator and rectifier.

   Due to the high electric field strength of existing electrets (about 10-15 thousand volts per meter) and millimetric working vacuumed gaps between the rotor and the stator, such a capacitive generator is a high-voltage energy converter, hence, light and economical, since its design lacks expensive and heavy Magnetic circuit, there are no inductive windings, and the thermal losses at small currents decrease quadratically.

LINEAR MONORELECTRIC ELECTRIC TRANSPORT WITH ELECTRIC LEVITATION

The original embodiment of the proposed method is shown in FIG. 6 as a multiphase linear electret-capacitive translation motor with electret suspension relative to the monorail.

In essence, this device is an inverted electric machine with an external mono-electromechanical rotor 1 and a multiphase stator with n- plates of capacitors 2 placed thereon laid through an electrical insulator 3 on a monorail (not shown) to which a multiphase high-voltage voltage of controlled amplitude And the frequency from the semiconductor converter 9.

To create a levitation of a wagon with a payload rigidly connected from the top of the rotor - electret 1 (the car in Fig. 6 is not shown), mono-electrics 17 of the same polarity with electret 1 are placed alternately in series with the plates of capacitors 2 on the monorail insulator 3.

To prevent damage to the plates of capacitors 2 and electret gaskets 17, they are covered from above with a special dielectric coating 17.

1. Motor mode

   The essence of the operation of such a linear electric machine in the propulsion mode is to create a negative electric charge running at a certain rate and an electric field along the plates of the capacitors 2 from the converter 9, which attracts and carries the electret rotor 1 due to the powerful Coulomb forces of attracting charged plates of capacitors 2. Naturally, the sizes and properties of electrets 1 and 17 and plates of capacitors 2-n are selected from the required carrying capacity of the electret rotor 1.

   Saving of the electric power consumed from the source 6 is achieved, as in the device ( Figure 5 ), by the charge circulator - by the switch 8 - by transferring the electric charges from the previous to the next plate of the capacitors 2 in series from phase to phase as the rotor 1 moves along the monorail. To impart stability to the rotor 1 and its best alignment relative to the monorail, the rotor is attached to the U-shaped shape, wrapping the monorail, and glued to their counter-disposed surfaces also with mono-electrets of like signs, which provides, in general, both axial and radial centering of the rotor relative to the stator strip 2 and the monorail . Calculations show that even modern electret materials can provide a platform capacity of several tons in weight at all without external power supply, which is much more efficient than transport on magnetic suspension.

2. Generator mode

   This device can be effectively used to generate electricity, for example, in original wind turbines, in the form of a huge monorail ring, with a perimeter, for example, no less than 1 km , installed in a zone of steady winds, for example, on the ocean coast.

   For this, on the electret platform-rotor 1, it is necessary to place the wind-receiving devices, for example sails, which will cause the rotor 1 to move. The moving rotor 1 will induce electromotive force and electric charges on the plates of the stator capacitors 2, which it crosses in its motion and which through the converters 8, 9 enter the electric load 4 (a special case of the load can serve as a powerful rechargeable battery 6).

CLAIM

1. A method for converting energy by moving a body that is the source of an electric field relative to the capacitor plates, characterized in that it transforms the energy of the electric field of the body being a monoelectret, for which it is placed between the uncharged plates of the electric capacitor, then this capacitor is charged and the frequency of the body Recharging capacitor plates.
2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the force of interaction of the charged capacitor plates with the moving body is controlled by changing the value of the charge of the plates.
3. A method for converting energy by moving a body that is the source of an electric field relative to the capacitor plates, characterized in that it converts the energy of the electric field of the mono-electret body and the capacitor into mechanical energy of the unidirectional mechanical movement of the mono-electret in the direction of the oppositely charged capacitor plate by applying the monoelectret Discharged capacitor and placing near one of the plates and electrically charging the capacitor plates, wherein a remote capacitor plate with an aperture is provided to allow the discharge of the electret.
4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that the monelectret emission rate is controlled by the electric charge value on the capacitor plates.
5. The method of claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the speed of the electret is increased by connecting additional pre-charged impulse high-voltage capacitors to the capacitor plates, and when the electret is out of the condenser, its plates are discharged or recharged.
6. A method for converting energy by moving a body that is the source of an electric field relative to the capacitor plates, characterized in that it converts the energy of the electric field of the charged capacitor into mechanical energy of the reciprocating motion of the metal body by electrically charging the metal body at the moment of touching one of the charged capacitor plates By the subsequent electric repulsion from it, by moving to the opposite plate of the capacitor, charged with the opposite sign, by recharging the body and repulsing it from the electrode, and the charge polarity on the plates of the electric capacitor does not change, but only replenishes the charge as the charges are transferred by the body.
7. A method for converting energy by moving a body that is the source of an electric field relative to the capacitor plates, characterized in that a rotating electric field is created in the capacitive electrical machine by spatially displacing the fixed plates and applying high voltage potentials to the electrodes with a corresponding time shift from the multiphase semiconductor high-voltage switch, and The cylindrical rotor of the machine is made dielectric with the placement on it of the respective second movable plates electrically connected to each other.
8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that the gap of the electric machine is evacuated or filled with an inert gas with a high dielectric constant.
9. The method according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the speed and the moment of the rotor are regulated by changing the frequency, amplitude and phase of the voltage on the stator stationary plates of the capacitors.
10. A method for converting energy by moving a body that is the source of an electric field with respect to the capacitor plates, characterized in that the energy of the traveling electric field of the stator is converted into mechanical energy of the translational motion of the body from the mono-electric device, wherein the capacitor plates are connected to the n-phase converter and subsequently transfer charges The plates in such a way that the charged capacitor plate is constantly under the body.

print version
Date of publication 09.11.2006гг

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