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INVENTION
Russian Federation Patent RU2278254

METHOD FOR PRODUCING ELECTRICITY IN UNDERGROUND UGLESZHIGANII

METHOD FOR PRODUCING ELECTRICITY IN UNDERGROUND UGLESZHIGANII

Name of the inventor: Prokopenko Sergey Arturovich (RU)
The name of the patentee: State educational institution of higher education "Kuzbass State Technical University" (SU KuzGTU) (RU)
Address for correspondence: 650026, Kemerovo, ul. Spring, 28, Kuzbass State Technical University, the patent department
Starting date of the patent: 2004.12.21

The invention relates to mining, in particular to the production of electricity through an underground coal combustion. The invention makes more efficient use of field resources gazougolnogo for commercial production with a reduction in its cost. The process is carried out by first forming in the reservoir burns isolated coal blocks. This coal blocks form holding the entire reservoir capacity of its fall slopes, connected by drifts ignition, isolated from the underlying strata refractory coating of coal. Throughout the slopes at their center creates fireproof partition walls. Refractory coatings and fireproof partition walls create recessed in rock mass on the amount of power of carbonaceous rocks. Then slopes form gateways equipped with sluice gates. Each block of coal production are air supply in the ignition drift, and the roof slopes in each Gateway The exhaust gas wells are drilled. The slopes are paving roads and rail place on them the heat exchangers, which connect the system flexible and rigid heat-resistant pipes with steam turbine power generator and coolant reservoir. This is followed by ignition of the ignition of coal roadway and supplying coolant to the heat exchangers, which have a fire in the front zone by moving the ramp from the pilot to the roadway surface. Moreover, the speed of movement is controlled by the heat exchangers the coolant temperature. Furthermore, deviations between two adjacent coal in block form additional biases which air is fed and moved in a heat exchanger bilateral contact with flame front. Formation of isolated coal block carried bookmark extreme slopes combustible rocks, coal ignition is carried out of dead-end parts of slopes, and the air supply to the combustion zone and venting front of her produce through pipelines laid in slopes.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to mining, in particular to the production of electricity through an underground coal combustion.

Various methods are known underground coal combustion and power generation. For example, a method of underground coal mining and power generation (Application №94023017, opubl.10.06.1996 g), including the burning of the coal produced in fixed underground furnaces and delivery of high-temperature products in the shaft surface in the steam circuit of heat-mechanical equipment for the production of electricity .

The disadvantages of this method are high resource intensity of coal and energy complex as a result of the costs of coal mining, high risk work for people who are under the earth, permanent installation and the need to deliver coal to it. All this results in high cost of electrical energy received.

The closest technical solution to the proposed method is a method of producing electricity with shaftless uglegazifikatsii and / or underground ugleszhiganii (RF patent №2100588, IPC 6 E 21 B 43/295, opubl.1997.12.27), comprising forming units (panels) in the formation of coal, drilling from the surface of the air supply and gas exhaust holes, and consistent degassing coal gasification unit, generator and removal of methane gas through the well to the gas turbine power generator, wherein the heat generating gas discharged to the steam turbine power generator, and the electrical energy obtained is transmitted over power lines to consumers.

The disadvantages of this method are:

  • panel seam split bulkhead wholly 3-5 m wide charcoal, which can ignite, leading to uncontrolled spread of fire front, premature arson undrained methane panel and violation of the process;
  • leaving coal in the roof and ground at the seams holes larger than 1.2 m, and as a result, the conditions for the transition of a fire outside the burned panel;
  • the heat output of coal burned only producer gas and largely lost on heating rocks, dispersion in the array, warming inter-panel pillars;
  • generating gas is a low-calorie source of energy that determines the high cost of electricity obtained;
  • Low efficiency of the energy sector in the preparation of the energy contained in coal seams, and high consumption of coal substance in the process of electricity generation;
  • low level of resource utilization gazougolnogo deposit subjected to burning underground, due to lack of capacity for effective use of scorched rock mass.

The object of the invention is a more efficient use of field resources gazougolnogo for commercial production with a reduction in its cost.

This object is achieved by a process for producing electric power during underground ugleszhiganii comprising forming blocks of coal in the formation, drilling from the surface of the air supply and gas exhaust holes, consistent degassing and gasification of the carbon blocks, removal of methane and gas generator to the gas turbine, a heat generating gas - a steam turbine power generator, transferring power to consumers, the invention carbon blocks form holding the entire reservoir capacity of its slope fall connected ignition drifts, insulated from the underlying strata refractory coated carbon throughout slopes in their middle create fireproof partition walls, wherein refractory coating and fireproof partition walls create recessed in rock mass on the amount of power carbonaceous rocks, then slopes form gateways equipped with sluice gates, each with Buryats surface coal block one air supply hole in the roof of the ignition roadway at an equal distance from the slopes, and in roof slope at each gateway drilled The exhaust gas wells, on both sides of the refractory dividing wall in slopes paving rail road and place them exchangers, which connect the system flexible and rigid heat resistant piping with a steam turbine power generator and the reservoir coolant then carried coal ignition of the ignition gateroad and supplying coolant to the heat exchangers, which have a fire in the front zone by moving the ramp from the pilot to the roadway surface, the speed of movement is controlled by the heat exchangers the coolant temperature. Furthermore, deviations between two adjacent block to form additional carbon slopes on which the heat exchangers are moved in a bilateral contact with flame front. After cooling of the array through the scorched slopes of coal blocks issue carried out on the surface mined burnt forest, and the air pipes and exhaust hole is used for ventilation of underground space.

The claimed technical solution is illustrated by drawings, where Figure 1 is a schematic flow diagram of an underground coal combustion and power generation; Figure 2 - a section along A-A in Figure 1.

METHOD FOR PRODUCING ELECTRICITY IN UNDERGROUND UGLESZHIGANII. Russian Federation Patent RU2278254

A method of producing electricity in underground ugleszhiganii carried out as follows. In coal dip consistently held biases 1 on the power and depth of 600-800 m it all, which is then combined output of horizontal - drifts ignition 2 (1). The width of the cut so that the coal blocks is 30-60 m 3 and is determined by the required performance heat exchangers 4 (steam generators), with a capacity of coal seam, its calorie burning temperature etc. To reduce the complexity of tunnel works at high power cover of unconsolidated sediments biases can not be formed from the surface, and on the horizontal drift traversed along the strike of the formation under the sediment. In order to prevent movement of the combustion front beyond 5 carbon blocks 3 soil isolates roadway 2 6 coated refractory brick, concrete and other advanced non-combustible materials, as shown in Figure 2. Throughout the slope 1 at their center creates fireproof partition walls 7, which is divided goaf slopes 1 into two parts. To increase security, refractory coating refractory 6 and the dividing wall 7 is designed with a deep in the rock mass on the amount of power of carbonaceous rocks. This is due to the fact that the roof and the soil most coal seams deposited layers of siltstones and mudstones power 0.3-0,7 m. These rocks contain coal substance (20-40%) and can perform fire front conductors 5 outside the burnt coal block 3.

METHOD FOR PRODUCING ELECTRICITY IN UNDERGROUND UGLESZHIGANII. Russian Federation Patent RU2278254

The slopes 1 through 100-150 meters form the gates 8, 9 provided with a sluice gate controlled by the controller from the surface, which creates conditions to control the gas flow in the underground space and maintain a high temperature regime. Thus, in the bowels isolated form carbon blocks 3 projecting further as dynamic or underground termogazogeneratorov combustors.

Each isolated coal block 3 at an equal distance from the slopes in the ignition 1 2 drift conduct air supply production 10. It may be well to the surface, well or reservoir on the slope, etc. The roof slopes 1 in each gateway 8 The exhaust gas is drilled wells 11. At first prepared coal blocks 3 through all these well organized methane drainage and discharge it to the generator 12. The power generator 12 is equipped with two turbines - gas and steam - with the possibility of electricity production in the combined cycle . To transfer the generated electricity to consumers generator is connected to the existing power transmission line networks.

Then, on the basis of slopes 1 on both sides of fireproof walls 7 are mounted for movement of the rail road heat exchanger 4. The heat exchanger 4 is a cylindrical boiler RV (similar railway tank) movable with the surface control station via, for example, winches and converts it into the incoming water a high-pressure steam.

To increase the security level of energy can be organized loop (cascaded) removal of thermal coal to burn energy, when the first circuit - in the underground heat exchanger 4 - use heavy liquid (liquid potassium or glycol) of about 600 degrees with a boiling point of Celsius, gives off heat water coolant through another heat exchanger disposed in a safe zone, for example on the surface or recessed in the chamber.

By rail roads biases one of the first two blocks of coal 3 to level 2 is lowered roadway ignition coils 4 (TO 1, 2, 3 and 4) and connect them to a system of rigid and flexible piping 12 to an electric generator 13 and the reservoir fluid. Steam (heat exchangers), pipes, rails, cables, chains, etc. They are made of materials that can withstand the resulting underground heat. As a means of tracking the process of coal combustion in the fire-resistant separation walls 7 installed temperature sensors and other monitoring devices.

Upon completion of a few isolated coal blocks 3, their pre-drainage and removal of the front tunnel works along the strike of the formation of coal in the first isolation unit 3 of the roadway 2 pilot ignition of coal is carried out of the array. This is achieved, for example, the burning of several wood fires which have been laid in the seed drift 2 along the coal wall, or remote arson petroleum products (diesel, fuel oil) applied to the coal wall pilot roadway 2 or lowered through the air supply hole 10.

Simultaneously with the ignition of the first insulated coal block 3 organize flow from the tank 13 coolant to the heat exchangers 4 (TO 1 and TO 2) which is disposed in the combustion front 5 area by moving (for example by means of winches) on ramps 1 of ignition roadway 2 to the surface and controlling the speed of their movement on the coolant temperature. When the temperature drops (which means going beyond the heat exchanger fire front area) is accelerated or decelerated movement tepoobmennika up the slope 1, providing maximum removal of heat released combusted coal.

Control of underground steam production is carried out in a ground control station, where with the help of a computer program monitors compliance with the actual parameters required by the process. Monitor temperature readings at various points in the coal burnt units 3, the pressure and temperature control in the heat exchangers 4, modern means observations lead shot Thermal imaging array, etc. From the same control the process of energy production by regulating the air supply into the well 10, the movement of heat exchangers (steam generators) 4 1 ramps up after firing front 5, the overlap sluice gate 9, water flow control, etc. Creating gradients gateways 8 1 provides conditions for maintaining high regime zone where heat exchanger 4 and the hot gas drilling 11 wells in each gateway 8 creates the conditions for controlling the movement of gas streams with a minimum loss of heat released. The exhaust gas hole 11 of the lower gateway 8 is used to supply air into the underground space after moving fire front 5 at the upstream level gateways 8. Thereby support compact reference work on the coal combustion zone, reducing the supply air flow and thermal energy loss.

As a coal burning unit 3 is introduced into the next action. At the same time in the neighboring zapalivaemym all the preparatory work and decontamination must be completed by 3 block of coal, heat exchangers 4 (TO 5 and TO 6) are set at the level of the roadway 2 seed, and the people thereof shall be transferred to the following coal blocks 3.

Thus, in addition to generating and methane gas entering the gas turbine power generator 12, at its steam turbine with the steam from the generator cooling gas flows and an additional potent hot vapor stream from the high pressure underground heat exchangers 4. This increases electric power steam power plant 12 increase in electricity production and reduce its costs.

Generator 12 operate mobile and is moved in the direction of prepared coal blocks 3 along the strike of the formation with a corresponding rewiring lines.

Heat 4 (TR 1-6), being located on the flanks of burning coal 3, operate in conditions of unilateral contact blocks with flame front 5. Consequently, far from the fire wall of the heat exchanger 4 are heated less than the wall blizheraspolozhennye to fire edge 5. Increase level provide heat removal, thereby forming a carbon blocks 3 between two adjacent sloping ramps additional 1 on which the heat exchangers are moved in a bilateral contact with flame front 5 and uniform heating heat exchanger from both sides. It dispenses coolant to the surface with a high temperature, and the use of water - the issuance of a couple with high blood pressure.

Favorable conditions for implementing the proposed method have lots of coal deposits, worked by drilling out coal wells or deviations from the cutting of the trench (eg, drill out the American combines HWM). After completion of works ugledobychnyh such sites are a combination of slope length of 300 m and a width of 2-2.5 m and the coal pillar width between 0.3-0.9 width deviation. In such circumstances, the formation of isolated blocks of coal is carried out laying the extreme of planned under the unit with non-combustible rock slopes. Other deviations are used to supply air to the combustion zone and the front heat exchanger movement. At the same time the ignition drift can be formed by the destruction of the pillars to a standstill biases (eg, drilling holes in the pillars and their blasting).

Reducing the number of wells and the volume of drilling works in the field can be achieved by air organization in the area of ​​fire front and exhaust it out through pipes laid in slopes.

As a result, underground burning of coal blocks 3 formed in the depths of the horizon burned rocks. At the site of the proposed technology of extraction of energy coal is formed technogenic deposit of building material - Gorelnik - with the facilitation of subsequent mining: burnt coal seam is not subject to the emissions of gas and its release into production, the roof of the reservoir and excavation as a result of sintering of rocks under the influence of high temperatures highly resistant and not prone to collapse, the array has a low water saturation, are well prepared for the production of ventilation and for transporting the product to the surface, etc.

After the burning of coal and the array of cooling through the scorched slopes 1 3 coal blocks issue carried on the surface of the produced Gorelnik, and the air supply hole 10 and 11 The exhaust gas is used for ventilation of underground space and the creation of favorable conditions for the people. Thus, provides comprehensive security and development of mineral deposits.

The proposed method provides a comprehensive development of coal deposits using gas, organic and mineral components of the coal for the production of an array of commercial products. This makes it possible to expand the product range and to reduce the costs of operating a functioning mine industrial complex. More efficient use of heat energy and reduce the cost of produced electrical energy is achieved by reducing heat loss in an underground ugleszhiganii by creating isolated coal blocks and efficient motion control of gas-flow in the underground space, but also the organization of the further active removal of heat of combustion of coal under the ground substance. In addition, sharply reduced anthropogenic impact on the environment, which is relevant to the areas coal and energy complex is. In the process of burning coal is formed technogenic deposit Gorelnik with lightweight conditions (no outgassing from the array, the presence of trained workings, holes for ventilation, etc.) of their production for construction needs.

Social effect of the invention is achieved by the possibility of the withdrawal of the dangerous conditions of a large number of personnel working underground machinists harvesters, thunderstorms, electrician, etc. and release them to other creative activities.

Underground coal combustion serves a breakthrough solution to the problem of doubling Russia's GDP in 2010, thus avoiding energy raw materials production and transportation of coal seams in the thermal power plants and providing a release from the coal field of clean, transportable and valuable product - electricity, but also a building material with a sharp reduction of resource consumption the entire power generation system and reducing the cost of end products.

The proposed method can be used in a wide range of geological conditions, namely in seams of coal power capacity from 1.0-1.5 m and above, any gas content, strength, ash content, in the areas of untreated mine fields and areas with substandard and reserves known for mining technologies.

CLAIM

  1. A method of producing electric power during underground ugleszhiganii comprising forming coal blocks in the formation, drilling from the surface of the air supply and gas exhaust holes, consistent degassing and gasification of the carbon blocks, removal of methane and gas generator to the gas turbine, a heat generating gas - a steam turbine electric generator, electricity transmission consumers, characterized in that the carbon blocks form holding the entire reservoir capacity of its slope fall connected ignition drifts, insulated from the underlying strata refractory coated carbon throughout slopes in their middle create fireproof partition walls, wherein the refractory coating and the refractory dividing walls create recessed in rock mass on the amount of power carbonaceous rocks, then slopes form gateways equipped with sluice gates, each coal unit tested air supply production in the ignition drift, and the roof slopes in each gateway Buryats The exhaust gas wells in slopes paving rail road and placed on their heat exchangers, which connect the system flexible and rigid heat-resistant pipes with steam turbine power generator and tank of coolant, then carry out the coal ignition of the pilot drift and flow of the coolant in the heat exchangers, which are arranged in a fire front zone by moving the ramp from the pilot drift to surface heat exchangers and speed of movement is controlled by coolant temperature.
  2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that between two adjacent coal deviations in block form additional biases which air is fed and moved in a heat exchanger bilateral contact with flame front.
  3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the formation of isolated coal block carried bookmark extreme slopes combustible rocks, coal ignition is carried out of dead-end parts of slopes, and the air supply to the combustion zone and venting front of her produce through pipelines laid in slopes .

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Publication date 23.11.2006gg