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INVENTION
Russian Federation Patent RU2054604

METHOD FOR PRODUCING ENERGY

METHOD FOR PRODUCING ENERGY

Name of the inventor: Treasure Anatoly
The name of the patentee: Treasure Anatoly
Address for correspondence:
Starting date of the patent: 1993.07.02

Usage: energy, in particular in the heating system. The inventive substance in liquid phase is fed into the treatment zone where it is exposed to constant and variable pressures which lead to the formation of cavitation bubbles. The constant pressure P 1 and P 2 variable pressure is selected from the following equations: P 1 = (0,3 - 0,7) (P 2 + P 3); P 2 + P 3 -P 1 = (1-10) Wherein P 3 and - Vapor pressure and tensile strength, respectively, at a temperature of treating material supply to the processing zone (MPa).

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to power engineering, in particular to the energy of the strong interactions of elementary particles.

It is now widely known are many ways to generate energy, for example, a method for producing heat radiation from the sun, the kinetic energy of wind, water and thermal energy released during the combustion of fossil fuels (coal, oil, gas), heat energy released by the fission of heavy nuclei of chemical elements , the energy released by fusion of light nuclei of chemical elements, the energy released at the confluence of matter and antimatter.

However, the intensity of solar radiation in the optical range is only a few volts per square meter of surface. Therefore, a huge area for solar energy in the Industry-wide.

Wind energy and is characterized by low intensity despite the fact that it is two or three orders of magnitude higher than the intensity of solar radiation.

Kontsentartsiya water energy of motion into two or three orders prvyshaet wind energy concentration. This value is approximately one megavolt per square meter, is suitable for the industrial production of energy of moving bodies of water, as evidenced by the development of hydropower. Negative factors in this case are the need to build reservoirs and the flooding of large areas of the earth's surface, large capital costs for the construction of hydropower facilities, its limited resources.

The energy released during the combustion of fossil fuels (coal, oil, gas) is currently the major form of energy used in the industrial scale. Negative factors include environmental pollution during production and transportation of fuel, fuel combustion products and heat at the same time the efficiency of thermal power plants does not exceed 40% under the mines, cuts, ash dumps, slag heaps, heating plants, cooling ponds, power lines and other facilities included in the fuel -energy complex diverted a huge area, which is a consequence of insufficient energy concentration.

Widely known method of obtaining energy at thermal power stations. This method consists in burning fossil fuels in the furnace of the boiler where the chemical energy of fuel is converted into thermal energy of water vapor.

However, for the implementation of this method requires a large energy consumption for production of organic fuel, its transportation and combustion. Moreover, combustion of fuel leads to environmental pollution. A large amount of material on the stage of burning is thrown into the atmosphere and hydrosphere of the combustion gases. Of all the chemical energy contained in the fossil fuel, only about 30% comes to the consumer in the form of electric energy. The rest of the dissipated into the environment, which reduces the efficiency of thermal power plants and disturbs the ecological balance of the environment.

Widely known method of producing energy by nuclear power plants, which consists in the fact that the active zone of the nuclear reactor water is fed, where it is heated using nuclear fuel. The heated water discharged from the treatment zone for further use intended.

However, Zarate on the extraction and preparation of nuclear fuel for a nuclear reactor are high that the resulting negative impact on energy costs. In addition, the nuclear fuel can not be fully used in a nuclear reactor, greatly reducing the efficiency of the latter. At the same time fuel nuclear power plants used about thirty times worse than that of thermal power plants.

Potential development of nuclear power poses serious problems to the environment. The accident that occurred at a number of nuclear power stations, convincing evidence of this.

A method of producing energy, which sovokunosti essential features is the closest to the invention. This method consists in the fact that in the treatment zone the liquid fed to lithium, which is exposed to periodic acoustic forces to create cavitation bubbles therein, resulting in a fusion reaction.

The basis of the invention is to provide a method for generating energy, which would allow to exclude the cost of production, treatment and transportation of fuel, but also allowed to be used as the working medium, any substance which is in a liquid state.

This problem is solved by providing a method for producing energy comprising the supply of substance in liquid phase in the treatment zone and creating in the material of the cavitation bubbles in this invention cavitation bubbles in the medium is produced by creating a periodically varying pressure having constant and variable components, said components selected from the following relationships:

P 1 of 0.3 to 0.7 (P 2 + P 3):

P 2 + P 3 P 1 1 to 10 Where P 1 constant pressure component (MPa);

P 2 variable component of the pressure (MPa);

R 3 saturated vapor pressure of the processed material at its feed into the processing zone (MPa);

tensile strength of the processed material at its feed into the processing zone (MPa).

Subject to these conditions the simultaneous action of the alternating and static pressure on the substance in liquid phase in liquid form cavitation bubbles at the moment when the sum of two quantities: the alternating pressure amplitude and the saturated vapor pressure of a substance at a given temperature to exceed the sum of two quantities: static pressure and strength tear fluid at a given temperature. The moment this time coincides with the action of negative half-cycle of alternating pressure.

During the action on the positive half-cycle of alternating pressure liquid cavitation bubbles act on the sum of the two pressures: AC pressure amplitude and the static pressure, which tends to squeeze the bubbles, ie, to shut them... When the bubbles collapse of the wall under the action of the pressure differential acting on the cavitation bubbles are accelerated and acquire kinetic energy collide in the center. The value of the acquired kinetic energy is sufficient to break the bond between the nucleons, nuclei to overcome the repulsive forces and of the interaction between elementary particles, contained in the nuclei obrabatyavemogo matter (neutrons, protons). As a result, in the local area at the time of the disappearance of the substance of the cavitation bubble (his slam) comes from nuclear reactions release large amounts of energy. The energy released in the processing zone is converted into a liquid in the heat. This heat is continuously removed from the treatment zone in the form of heated liquid and used as needed, and the cooled liquid is recycled to the treatment zone.

If necessary changes in the energy alternating pressure change and / or static pressure within the above limits. Thus, the ratio should be observed variable and static pressure, since it is violated in the case of variable pressure increase or reduce the above mentioned ctaticheckogo pressure of the liquid below the cavitation bubbles are formed larger sizes that did not have time to snap shut, whereby the energy is terminated. In case of increase of static pressure mentioned above or decrease below said variable pressure cavitation bubbles in the liquid can not be formed and therefore, there is no energy release process, since in this case the liquid to be treated in less tensile stress limit of the tensile strength of the liquid.

The proposed method of energy production can be done in a certain ultrazvukovm activator (PCT application / RU92 / 00195).

METHOD FOR PRODUCING ENERGY

1 schematically shows a ultrasonic aktivatro, which can be implemented in the proposed method; 2 and 3 are diagrams of the experimental setup for carrying out the method; 4 and 5 shows a graphical representation of the value of the energy released by the amount of variable and static pressure; 6 and 7, a graph + -radiation on the composition of the treated material in the present process; 8 and 9, a graphical representation of the neutron radiation from the mode operation shown in Figure 3, and on the distance between the ultrasonic detector and neutron activator in the present process.

The treated liquid such as water is supplied to the ultrasonic actuator, schematically shown in Figure 1. Ultrasonic activator comprises two or more chambers connected in series one job (in this example four), each of which are mounted two impellers of a centrifugal pump with fixed on the periphery of the rotors 3 in the form of perforated rings. Rotors coaxially in housings 3 4 1 opposite working chambers of each rotor 3 fixed stator 5 made in the form of perforated rings. Working chamber 1 are interconnected by means of diffusers 6. Last working chamber 1 is connected with the first chamber 1 circulation loop 7.

The ultrasonic actuator operates as follows.

During rotation of the impeller of the centrifugal pump 2 according processed fluid kinetic energy, which is partly converted into static pressure (in diffusers 6) and partly in the variable pressure (when the perforations of the stator 3 and rotor 5).

Depending on the fluid, its temperature and the calculated values ​​of static and alternating pressure, satisfying the above dependencies, establish and maintain constructive and technological parameters of ultrasonic activator (see. PCT / RU 92/00195 application).

During the half cycle of action on the fluid-pressure variable negative half-wave in the liquid in the treatment zone, cavitation bubbles are formed. During the action on the next half-cycle fluid positive half-cycle of alternating pressure cavitation bubbles collapse. By the end of this half-period hoard bubbles kinematic energy determined by differential pressure acting on the outside and inside the bubbles. Outside on the amount of bubbles acts alternating and static pressure. Inside the bubble acts saturated liquid vapor pressure. In addition, the movement of the bubbles okazyayut influenced by other forces defined physico-chemical properties of the liquid and the absolute values ​​zayalyaemyh parameters.

At the time of the disappearance of the bubble (at the time of its collapse) the kinetic energy is converted into energy collisions of elementary particles. The energy released by the collapse of the bubble, several orders of magnitude greater than the energy of elementary particles communications (nucleons) in the nucleus. As a result of the collision of nuclei in terms of the claimed method is an interaction between elementary particles constituting cores. The energy released in controlled manner described reactions between particles is converted into thermal energy in the fluid, and it is withdrawn from the treatment zone with the liquid stream.

In certain embodiments of the claimed method described experiments in pilot plants vyvpolnennye open and closed cycles (FIG. 2 and 3). Installation shown in Figure 2, comprises an ultrasonic actuator 8, which description is given above, the electric motor 9 to drive the activator 10 wattmeter for measuring the power consumption, the device 11 for measuring the machinability of fluid inlet temperature and outlet radiometer 12 for measuring the flow - and radiation detector 13 of radiation, neutron radiometer 14 for measuring the neutron flux detector 15 neutrons, pressure gauge 16 for measuring the static pressure, the unit 17 for measuring alternating pressure device 18 for measuring the flow rate and the device 19 for measuring the spectrum of frequencies of alternating pressure. In the pipeline, prints the liquid from the unit, set the valve 20. Between the pipes, and outputting a supply liquid to the installation, the valve 21 is installed.

The device operates as follows.

Liquid, for example, tap water is fed through pipelines to set input. Valve 20 is set quantity of water flow through the ultrasonic actuator 8, which supports the design variable ratio and static pressures specified above. To change the static and alternating pressures within the specified range using the valve 21. Install the required installation mode, provide exposure for 10-15 minutes to achieve stable operation at a specified time and make the necessary measurements. Power consumption (N 1) is measured by a wattmeter 10. Power (N 2) is determined by the evolution of heat to the product of the two measured values: the difference ( t) the inlet temperature and outlet activator 8 measured by the device 11 and the flow rate (G) of fluid passing through the actuator 8, as measured by the device 18, and a constant heat capacity (c) of liquid to be treated:



Devices 16 and 17 for pressure measurement is used to control the mode of operation. alternating pressure frequency spectrum measured by the spectrometer 19.

Using the radiometers 12 and 14 with their detectors 13 and 15 measure the flow of ionizing radiation.

Having all of these measurements, we conclude that the consumption moschnst for carrying out the method on the average two or three times less than that released by the proposed method of heating power. Thus ionizing radiation produced during the implementation of the proposed method do not exceed the natural background.

To confirm the flow when the present method of nuclear reactions cavitation bubbles in the liquid to be treated and formation -, neutron radiation using the installation shown in FIG. 3. This installation is analogous to that described above and shown in Figure 2 and differs from the latter presence of container 22 for storing the said radiation to a value that can be measured readily available equipment. In this case the liquid is circulated in a closed circuit: the ultrasonic actuator 8, the container 22 for as long as required for the accumulation of radiation level to a value that can be measured.

For visual confirmation of the flow in cavitation bubbles treated liquid nuclear reactions additives stable isotopes (oxygen, nitrogen, carbon, sodium), which as a result of nuclear reactions were used, originating in the activator 8, converted into unstable isotopes that were recorded using radiometers 12 and 14.

Thus, in the present process it is possible in industrial scale to obtain energy of the strong interaction of elementary particles.

EXAMPLE 1. EXAMPLE strong interaction energy obtained elementary particles formed in tap water at a temperature of 20 C. The water is at the same temperature has a tensile strength of about 0.35 MPa. The pressure (P s) of saturated vapor at the temperature about zero.

In dependence

P 0.3 1 (P 2 + P 3);

P 2 + P 3 P 1 By solving the system of these equations are necessary for carrying out the method of static pressure (P 1) and a variable pressure (P 2):

P 1, P 2 0.3;

P 2 P 2 0.3 ;



Tap water at a temperature of 20 ° C is supplied to the ultrasonic actuator shown in Figure 1, by acting on the valves 20, 21 shown in Figure 2, with measuring devices 16, 17 and 19 as hereinbefore set variable and static pressure.

When passing tap water through an ultrasonic activator water is heated as a result of the strong interaction of elementary particles. Hagretuyu water discharged from the activator and sent by pipeline heat energy consumer. Transmitted to the consumer heat, chilled water or dumped into sewers, or returned to the promoter for reuse.

Using the power meter 10 the electric power consumption was measured (N 1) for carrying out the method, which was equal to 6 kW. Power output (N 2) was determined according to the expression (1), in this case it is equal to 6.5 kW.

Dividing the electric power consumption (N 1), which in this case is 6 kW, the power output at the (N 2), which is equal to 6.5 kW, obtained coefficient (k) equal to 1.08.

NOTE f r s 2-12. The method was performed as described in Example 1. The substance to be treated in the liquid phase, the temperature, the processing parameters (P 1, P 2, P 3, ), Power consumption (N 1) and produced by thermal power (N 2) are shown in the table.

The table shows that the treatment of a variety of substances in the liquid phase under certain variable and static pressures that lie within the specified limits (ie. E. The implementation of the process), the energy obtained is several times larger than the power consumption.

In the graphs shown in Figure 4, shows the dependence of the difference in capacity ( N) of heat and electricity on the ratio of static and alternating pressure in the activator. Said dependence was determined by the present method, using as a substance to be treated tap water at 20 C. The abscissa variable pressure delayed ordinate power difference N. The curve I in the graph corresponds to the static pressure P 1 0, curve II static pressure P1 of 0.6 MPa, and the curve III static pressure P1 of 0.8 MPa, curve IV to the static pressure P 1 1 MPa.

From these graphs clearly visible boundary of the declared range of variable and static pressure ratios. All that is left of 2,3 MPa (Figure I), ie, alternating pressure P 2 is less than 2.3 MPa at a static pressure P 1 0 does not satisfy the relation proposed pressures P 1 and P 2, and thus the amount of emitted energy is less than the amount of energy consumed. By increasing the variable pressure P 2 over 2.3 MPa, ie in compliance with the specified ratio of P 1 and P 2, the energy released is greater energy consumption.

To schedule II, wherein the static pressure P 1 of 0.6 MPa, all that is left of 1.2 MPa, does not meet the proposed relationship, and thus the amount of energy released is less than the amount of consumption.

Similarly, by extrapolation is possible to determine the area in which the power consumption is less than allocated and schedules III and IV.

5 is a graphical depiction of the power difference ( N) power consumption and heat generation on the ratio P 1 and P 2 for carrying out the method in a device of lower power. Schedule V corresponds to the static pressure P 1 of 0.1 MPa, the graph VI P1 of 0.2 MPa, the schedule VII P1 of 0.3 MPa, the schedule VIII P1 of 0.4 MPa, the graph P1 IX 0.5 MPa.

From these graphs V, VI, VII, VIII, IX as well as the graphs I, II, III, IV, depicted in Figure 4, it is seen that only when the ratio of said P 1 and P 2 dissipated energy is greater than energy consumption . At the same time for a schedule V that the right value P 2 of 26 MPa, ie non-compliance with the above ratio, the energy released becomes less consumed.

Since the proposed method is characterized by energy ioniziruschih practical absence of radiations to confirm that nuclear reactions cavitation bubbles in the fluid being treated in Figures 6 and 7 show the plots + radiation during processing of tap water at 20 ° C with various additives stable isotopes of various substances. Ordinate given quantity averaged value rays and particles per second recorded by the detector 13 of the radiometer 12 (2). Averaging given for each hour of measurement. The abscissa marked time (t) in hours and days. Moreover, the abscissa in Figures 6 and 7 marked time ( ) Ultrasound operation activator. Thus garfik January 6 (6) shows the relationship + radiation treatment with tap water at 20 ° C with the addition of air in an amount of 1.8 x 10 -6 kg / s in accordance with the proposed method, the schedule on June 2 with the addition of the same amount of air to 3.6 · 10 -6 kg / s, 3 June schedule the same with the addition of air at 0.9 · 10 -6 kg / s, 4 June schedule the same with the addition of carbon dioxide in an amount of 2.10 -6 kg / s, 5 June schedule with the same adding carbon dioxide in an amount of 10 -6 kg / s.

7 Schedule 1 (Fig. 7) shows the dependence recorded by the detector 13 + -radiation on the residence time in the core of the latter. Figure 7 2 shows the dependence + radiation treatment with tap water at 20 ° C with the addition of carbon dioxide in an amount of 4 × 10 -6 kg / s schedule March 7 the same with the addition of carbon dioxide in an amount of 2 · 10 -6 kg / s. Schedule April 7 reflects dependence + radiation without the inclusion of the ultrasonic activator recorded on the surface of the activator (indicated by dots) and at a distance of 13 m from the activator (indicated by ) 7 5 schedule is the same as that of Figure 7 in an amount of 2 by the addition of carbon dioxide 16 x x10 -6 kg / s and dependence + radiation detected at a distance of 13 m from the activator (indicated by ).

From the presented in Figures 6 and 7 graphs show that the ultrasonic activator is turned on, ie, in tap water treated at a temperature of 20 C and ratio compliance and constant alternating pressures within these ranges, there is an increase + radiation, which is possible only when the nuclear reactions.

Similar studies were conducted by adding tap water into the sodium carbonate (Na 2 CO 3), gasoline, lithium chloride (LiCl), and other substances. The results are recorded + radiation similar to those presented in Figures 6 and 7.

Increasing the neutron radiation, which confirms the occurrence of nuclear reactions in the process of the invention is illustrated in Figures 8 and 9,.

Figure 8 shows a graph of the natural background neutron radiation for several hours. In neutron flux (n, 1 / c) ordinate is marked on the abscissa the time (t) in hours.

FIG. 9 is a plot of neutron radiation during operation of the ultrasonic activator, i.e. When carrying out the process and observance of the ratio of the static variable and the pressure in the processing of tap water at 20 ° C with the addition of lithium chloride (LiCl). And Figure 9 shows three periods of time indicated 1 2 and 3, during which the neutron detector 15 of the radiometer 14 was installed at a distance of 0.5; 1.25 and 3.2 m from the surface ultrasonic activator.

In comparing the graph shown in Figure 8, with the graph shown in Figure 9, it is seen that neutron radiation during the activator is significantly higher (by several orders of magnitude) than the natural background. This demonstrates once again that the implementation of the process in cavitation bubbles treated liquid nuclear reactions take place.

Analogous studies on the neutron radiation, and were conducted by adding into the treatment liquid of other components (such as benzene), allowing to increase the neutron radiation to a level that can be measured by the available devices. These studies have led to similar results.

Thus, the use of the process produces energy at an industrial scale as a result of the strong interaction of the elementary particles of the processed material.

The easiest way to apply the proposed method on an industrial scale in the field of heating and hot water supply systems for civil and industrial facilities. To do this, you need to connect the device to carry out the proposed method to the heating system and hot water supply, such as heat, distribution, pumping stations.

Using the proposed method is economically advantageous because firstly, in this case, the capital costs are reduced practically to zero. There is no need to build boiler, fuel depots, polezdnye way, transmission pipelines and more. Secondly, the amount of energy produced is more than one time in pervyshaet energy consumption. Third, the environment is not polluted by fuel losses during extraction, transportation, and products of combustion.

CLAIM

METHOD FOR PRODUCING ENERGY comprising feeding the substance in liquid phase in the treatment zone in the material and the creation of cavitation bubbles, characterized in that cavitation bubbles are created in the material by creating a periodically varying pressure having constant and variable components, said components selected from the following relations:

P 1= (0,3 o C 0,7) ( P 2 + P 3);

P 2 + P 3 -P 1 = (1 ÷ 10) .

where P 1 - a constant component of the pressure, MPa;

P 2 - the variable component of the pressure, MPa;

P 3 - saturated vapor pressure of the processed material at its feed into the processing zone, MPa;

- Tensile strength of the treated material at its feed into the processing zone, MPa.

print version
Publication date 25.01.2007gg