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INVENTION
Patent of the Russian Federation RU2283530
CONVERTER VOLTAGE CONVERTER
The name of the inventor: Prasolin Alexey Prokopovich (RU); Temirev Alexey Petrovich (RU); Nikiforov Boris Vladimirovich (RU); Lozitsky Oleg Evgenievich (RU); Pavlyukov Valery Mikhailovich (RU); Fedorov Andrey Evgenievich
The name of the patent holder: Federal State Unitary Enterprise "Central Design Bureau of Marine Equipment" RUBIN "(RU), Federal State Unitary Enterprise" Production and Design Enterprise "IRIS"
Address for correspondence: 346410, Rostov Region, Novocherkassk, ul. Dubovsky, 15, p / o 10, PO Box 23, Branch of FGUP "PKP" IRIS ", Chief Designer-Director AP Temirev
Date of commencement of the patent: 2005.08.09
Usage: in the electric circuits of power supplies with high-current direct current with galvanic isolation of the circuits. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: in order to achieve the technical result of reducing the size and cost of the converter and reducing high-frequency interference in a converter comprising a transformer connected to the network via an inverter, a parallel damping circuit consisting of a series-connected diode and a capacitor parallel to the load and The circuit is connected from the throttle and according to the included diode, and the controllable key is connected to the middle points of the parallel circuits. The voltage of high-frequency oscillations is accumulated in the condenser with the controllable key closed, and when the open key is fed into the load through a choke and high-frequency voltage oscillations are removed from the rectifier diodes.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to electro-radio engineering, in particular to high-frequency DC-DC converters with galvanic isolation of circuits, and can be used in electrical circuits of various DC power supplies.
A DC voltage converter is known, which contains a transformer whose primary winding is connected to the network through controlled semiconductor switches that convert the DC voltage into an alternating voltage, and a load through the rectifier diodes and a smoothing filter is connected to the secondary winding of the transformer (REA power sources. M .: Radio and Communication, 1986, pp. 360-368).
The operation of known converters with a high switching frequency is accompanied by a sharp change in the reverse currents of the rectifier diodes, which, through parasitic inductance of the transformer and capacitor scattering, cause high frequency oscillations at the edges of the output voltage pulses, creating overvoltages on the switches and high-frequency noise along the supply circuits. Therefore, a capacitive filter is used as the smoothing filter after the rectifier.
The disadvantage of converters with a capacitive filter is the large amplitude of the current of the rectifier diodes, the increased dimensions of the transformer, the large dependence of the rectified voltage on the load current.
The closest in terms of technical essence to the claimed solution is a constant voltage converter containing a transformer whose primary winding is connected to the network via controlled semiconductor switches connected by bridge or half bridge circuit, and the secondary winding is connected to the load through a semiconductor rectifier and a smoothing inductive capacitive filter R.Severney, G.Blum.Pulse converters of constant voltage for secondary power systems, Translated from English Edited by LE Smolnikova .- M .: Energoatomizdat, 1988, p. 73-76).
The inductive capacitive filter limits the amplitude of the rectifier current, allows to reduce the dimensions of the transformer and the dependence of the output voltage on the load current.
A disadvantage of converters with inductive-capacitive filter is the increased installed power and dimensions of diodes and high-frequency noise in the power supply circuit due to overvoltage on diodes caused by high-frequency oscillations on the fronts of voltage pulses due to high-frequency switching of inverting switches and a sharp change in the reverse currents of diodes passing through Parasitic inductance and capacitance of the circuit - transformer-rectifier. High-frequency voltage fluctuations on diodes create significant interference in the supply circuits.
It is an object of the present invention to reduce the size and cost of a DC voltage converter and to reduce high-frequency interference by reducing overvoltages on the converter's rectifier diodes.
The problem is solved by the fact that in a known constant voltage converter comprising a transformer whose primary winding is connected to the network via control keys assembled by a bridge or half bridge circuit and the secondary winding is connected to the load via a semiconductor rectifier and a smoothing inductive capacitive filter between the rectifier And the filter includes a parallel damping circuit consisting of a series-connected capacitor and a diode, between the inductance and the capacitance of the filter, a chain of the throttle and diode is connected in parallel with the load, the diode connected in accordance with the direction of the throttle current, and the controllable key connected to the middle points of the parallel circuits.
The essence of the invention is that the use in the known converter of a damping circuit connected in parallel between the rectifier and the filter and consisting of a capacitor, a diode, a controlled key and a choke has made it possible to reduce the dimensions and cost of the converter by reducing the installed power of the rectifier diodes on which the overvoltages are reduced , Caused by high-frequency switching of inverting keys and a sharp change in the reverse currents of diodes passing through parasitic capacitance and inductance of the transformer-rectifying circuit and causing high-frequency oscillations at the top of the pulses of the rectified voltage. And the high-frequency noise of the proposed converter is reduced by eliminating high-frequency oscillations of rectifier voltage. Since the energy accumulated in the damping circuit, after filtration is not allocated as a loss, but is given to the load, the high efficiency of the converter remains. The use of a separate choke in the damping circuit, installed parallel to the filter inductance, makes it possible to use the claimed device in high-power converters. The positive effect of the proposed converter is confirmed by bench tests of the manufactured prototype with a power of 50 kW.
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The figure shows a schematic diagram of the proposed converter, where it is indicated: 1-8 - power transistor modules; 9 - the transformer; 10-13 - rectifier diodes; 14 - diode of the damping circuit; 15 - the damper of the damping circuit; 16 - filter inductance; 17 - transistor of the damping circuit; 18 - a damper of a damping chain; 19 - the diode; 20 - filter capacity. |
TRANSDUCER WORKS AS FOLLOWING
The DC voltage Uin is applied to the primary winding of the transformer 9 via a bridge circuit in which the key pair 3, 8 operates in antiphase with respect to the other key pair 4, 7 and is converted to an alternating voltage. On the secondary winding of the transformer 9, the voltage is rectified by a bridge of 10-13 and passes through a filter formed by inductance 16 and a capacitance of 20, to a load Uout. The voltage of the high frequency oscillations at the vertex of the rectified voltage pulses through the diode 14 is accumulated on the capacitor 15. The transistor 17 is switched on for a pause time between switching off the pair of transistors 3, 8 and switching on the other pair 4, 7. The transistor 17 can be controlled by the pulse width modulation laws, Frequency-pulse modulation, maintaining a constant voltage level on the capacitor 15. At the moments of the open state of the transistor 17, the capacitor 15 discharges the stored energy through the choke 18 into the load. Throttle 18 is calculated for a small power for damping currents. Diode 19 is designed to close the current of the throttle 18 at the time of switching off the transistor 17. On diodes 10-13, overvoltages are eliminated, high frequency voltage fluctuations are eliminated and interference in the converter circuits is reduced.
As a result of protection, thus, of diodes from overvoltages, they are selected with a lower maximum voltage, i.e. With a smaller installed capacity and with smaller dimensions. Losses of electric power in the damping circuit practically do not increase the total losses in the converter, so the converter efficiency remains high. The efficiency of damping of overvoltages on diodes does not depend on the power of the converter and allows using the claimed device for high-power converters.
Based on the foregoing and based on the results of the patent information search, we believe that the proposed constant voltage converter meets the criteria of "Novelty", "Inventive level", "Industrial applicability" and can be protected by a patent of the Russian Federation.
CLAIM
A constant voltage converter comprising a transformer whose primary winding is connected to the network via control keys assembled in a bridge or half bridge circuit, and the secondary winding is connected to the load through a semiconductor rectifier and a smoothing inductive capacitive filter, characterized in that a rectifier A damping circuit consisting of a series-connected capacitor and a diode, between the inductance and the filter capacitance, a choke and diode circuit is connected in parallel with the load, the diode being connected in accordance with the direction of the throttle current, and a control key connected to the middle points of the parallel circuits.
print version
Publication date 17.02.2007gg
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