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INVENTION
Patent of the Russian Federation RU2027239
ACTORIZING REACTOR DEVICE
The name of the inventor: Seryakov K.I.
The name of the patent holder: All-Russian Electrotechnical Institute named after VILenin
Address for correspondence:
The effective date of the patent: 1992.01.13
Use: in electrical engineering, namely in devices limiting the short-circuit current in the network. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: The device comprises a frame 1 on which a second winding 2 is located, outside of which there is a third multilayer winding 3. A first winding 4 made of a superconducting material is located outside the winding 3. Windings 3 and 4 are interconnected in series so that the magnetic fields created or flowing during the current are added together. These windings are in parallel connected to the winding 2 so that the magnetic fields are mutually destroyed. The device provides a reduction in overall dimensions.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to electrical engineering, namely to devices for limiting the short-circuit current in a network using the transition of superconducting materials to a resistive state.
A current-limiting device [1] is known, comprising two windings wound together on the carcass, which are connected in parallel, one of the parallel branches comprising a resistive element. Such a device serves as a current-limiting reactor in transient processes when the switching device is switched on, or by a damping resistor when the apparatus is disconnected. It is proposed to use as a shunting switchgear to limit current surges and overvoltages that occur during commutations. It can not be used to limit the current in the circuit with short circuits in it.
The closest to the proposed is a current-limiting device [2] containing two windings that are identical in number of turns, connected in parallel, counter-wound on one frame and made of superconductors. When a working current flows that is less than the critical current of superconductors, such a device has practically no active or reactive resistance. When the current is increased due to a short circuit due to the excess of the critical current, the superconductor goes into a resistive state and the resulting active resistance limits the growth of the short-circuit current. The disadvantage of such a device is the need for a relatively large number of superconductors, since their total cross section must be calculated for the flow of operating current.
The purpose of the invention is to reduce the amount of superconductor materials used in the current limiting device.
The object is achieved in that in a current-limiting reactor device comprising at least two parallel winding wound in parallel, and at least the first winding is made of a material having a superconductivity property with respect to the electric current at the operating temperature, a third winding made of Material with resistive properties at operating temperature, the third winding being connected in series with the first winding, has the same winding direction and is located between the first and second windings.
These characteristics are not available in the known technical solutions.
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In Fig. 1 shows a current-limiting reactor device; In Fig. 2 - device with a large number of windings and with a magnetic circuit.
The device (Figure 1) comprises a frame 1 on which a second winding 2 is placed, wound from a conventional resistive conductor that does not possess superconductivity at the operating temperature of the device, for example, copper. Outside the winding 2 is a third multi-layer winding 3 made of resistive material. Outside the winding 3, the first winding 4 is made of a superconducting material, for example, from a ceramic metal oxide high temperature superconductor tape. Windings 4 and 3 are interconnected in series so that the magnetic fields created by them during the current flow are added together. These series-connected windings are connected in parallel with the winding 2 so that the magnetic fields created by them inside the winding 2 are mutually destroyed. In the case of manufacturing the winding 4 of modern superconductors, the device must be placed in a cryostat. However, since there are reports of the possibility of creating superconductors with a superconducting transition temperature close to 0 ° C or higher, the cryostat is not indicated in the scheme.
The device works as follows
When the operating current flows, it is distributed along the windings inversely proportional to the number of turns in the winding 2 and to the total number of turns in the windings 3 and 4, while the current flowing through the superconductor winding 4 does not reach a critical value. In the event of a short circuit in the mains, the total current begins to increase, while the current in the superconducting winding 4 increases, when the critical value is reached, the superconductor goes into a resistive state and, at a sufficiently high value of its resistance, the current begins to be redistributed, mainly flowing along the winding 2. Inductive The resistance of this winding limits the short-circuit current.
The addition of windings 3 located inside the superconductor winding 4 leads to an increase in the total number of turns and a decrease in the current flowing through the winding 4 in the operating mode. This makes it possible to reduce the cross section of the superconductor in winding 4. Since the total length of the superconductor, which is determined by the ratio of the operating voltage to the product of the critical current density, is not increased by the specific resistance of the superconductor at supercritical currents, the addition of winding 3 makes it possible to reduce the total amount of the superconductor without degrading the current-limiting characteristics Device. The placement of the winding 3 between the windings 2 and 4 makes it possible to reduce the effect of the magnetic field of the windings 2 and 3 on the superconductor of the winding 4, and therefore such a solution of the windings makes it possible to achieve the greatest values of the critical current density in the superconductor, and helping to reduce the amount of the superconductor used. With the unchanged dimensions of the winding 2, the addition of the winding 3 results in a magnetic field in the interval between the windings 2 and 3 increasing at a current equal to the device operation threshold in comparison with the critical magnetic field of the superconductor. Accordingly, the magnetic field inside the winding 2 increases, when the current reaches the level of current limitation, or, what is the same, increases the inductance of the device in the current-limiting mode. This means that adding windings 3 at a given value of the inductance allows to reduce the dimensions of the device or to increase the rated current with unchanged dimensions.
Additional windings can be located not only inside the superconductor winding 4, but also outside it, but between the superconductor and the main resistive windings. In Fig. 2, a second main (resistive) winding 2 is wound on the frame 1. Next, a third winding 3 and a first superconductor 4 are connected in series. In parallel to the third winding 3, a fifth winding 5 is connected to the outside of the first (superconductor) winding 4. The fourth resistive winding 6 is terminated. The windings 2 and 6 have a winding direction opposite to the windings 3, 4 and 5. The advantage of the construction in FIG. 2 as compared to FIG. 1 is that for the same thickness of the superconductor in the winding 4 in the structure of FIG. 2, the superconductor has a larger critical current because of the smaller values of the largest magnetic field on its lateral surface.
The advantage of the proposed device in comparison with the prototype is the possibility of a significant reduction in the number of superconducting materials by reducing the cross section of superconductors without simultaneously increasing their length, since the necessary increase in the length of the corresponding winding is carried out using conventional conductive materials.
CLAIM
1. A TOE-CIRCUIT REACTOR DEVICE comprising two windings, the first of which is made of a superconductor, characterized in that it is provided with a third winding located between the first two, the third winding is connected in series with the first and has the same winding direction, said windings are in parallel connected to The second winding and have a counter-winding direction.
2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that it is provided with fourth and fifth windings, the fourth winding having the same winding direction with the second winding, connected to it in parallel and located on the other side relative to the first winding, the fifth winding is connected in parallel with the third winding , Has the same winding direction and is located between the first and fourth windings.
print version
Date of publication 05.04.2007gg
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