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USEFUL ADDITIVES FOR PETROL AND OTHER MOTOR FUELS
INVENTION
Patent of the Russian Federation RU2296238

DEVICE FOR FUEL PROCESSING

DEVICE FOR FUEL PROCESSING

The name of the inventor: Anatoly Alekseevich Zaplatkin (RU); Medvedev Vladimir Ivanovich (RU); Mikiporis Yuri Anatolyevich (RU); Naganova Irina Viktorovna (RU); Pavlov Anton Nikolaevich (RU); Pechenov Vladimir Petrovich
The name of the patent holder: Open Joint-Stock Company "Plant named after VA Degtyarev"
Address for correspondence: 601900, Vladimir Region, Kovrov, ul. Truda, 4, OAO "VA Degtyarev Plant", OPLIR
Date of commencement of the patent: 2005.08.23

The invention relates to engine building, in particular to the preliminary preparation of fuel in internal combustion engines. The invention allows to expand the functionality and improve the efficiency of the device. The device for processing fuel contains a flow chamber connected to the inlet and outlet fuel pipes, a winding is placed on the outer surface of the flow chamber, and metal balls are loosely located inside the flow chamber. The inlet and outlet fuel lines, metal balls and flow chamber are made of materials with the same polarization orientation and with greater dielectric permeability than fuel. The fuel pipe sections located inside the flow chamber are provided with longitudinal slots. The internal surface of the outlet fuel pipe has an insulation coating.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to engineering, in particular to the technique for the preliminary preparation of fuel, and can be used to improve environmental safety and reduce fuel consumption during engine operation.

A system for supplying fuel to a combustion chamber is known (see RF patent No. 2101545, cl. F 02 M 27/04, published on 10.01.98). The fuel pump is equipped with removable cassettes with a material whose dielectric constant is higher than that of the fuel, which causes triboelectrization of the fuel particles, i. E. It receives an electric charge throughout the volume.

The disadvantage of this device is the low electrification of the liquid due to the relatively low fuel rate, which reduces the efficiency of the device and its functionality.

The closest in technical essence to the proposed solution is a device for magnetic fluid treatment (see RF patent No. 1388573, cl. F 02 M 27/04, publ., 15.04.88), containing a flow chamber connected to the inlet and outlet fuel lines , A winding is placed on the outer surface of the flow chamber, and metal balls are loosely located inside the flow chamber. Due to the supply of the winding, an electromagnetic field is generated by the current, which acts on the fuel, the combustion of which in the engine occurs with greater efficiency.

The disadvantage of such a device is the insignificant effect of the external electric field on the entire volume of moving fuel, in particular, because of excessive fuel heating due to losses in hysteresis and eddy currents, which leads to low electrification of the fuel, and this reduces the efficiency of the device and its functionality.

The proposed invention solves the problem of expanding the functionality and increasing the efficiency of the device.

The technical result is to provide electrification of the moving fuel throughout the entire volume and at low speeds.

This technical result is achieved in that a winding is placed on the outer surface of the flow chamber in a fuel processing device containing a flow groove connected to the inlet and outlet fuel pipes, and metal balls, inlet and outlet fuel lines, metal balls and flow-through The chamber is made of materials with the same polarization orientation and with a greater dielectric constant than that of the fuel, while the fuel pipe sections located inside the flow chamber are provided with longitudinal slots and the inner surface of the outlet fuel pipe has an insulation coating.

Performance indicators and toxicity of exhaust gases in carburetor engines largely depend on the quality of the process of mixture formation, which is largely determined by the fineness and homogeneity of spraying of fuel, which is achieved by the aerodynamic effect of air flow on the leaky jet of fuel. In this case, the average radius r k of the droplets formed (when the fuel jet is split) is estimated by the expression:

R k = Kg s / W B ,

Where: К - constant of the nebulizer;

G - acceleration of gravity;

S is the coefficient of surface tension;

W B is the air velocity in the diffuser.

From this formula it follows that the fineness of the spray depends on the magnitude of the surface tension of the fuel and the speed of the air flow in the diffuser. However, the increase in air speed in the carburettor diffuser has a quite definite limit. An increase in the air velocity above 100 m / s already practically does not improve the fineness of the spraying of the fuel, which indicates that this method of improving the process of mixture formation is limited. Therefore, one of the most effective ways to improve the fineness of atomization of fuel is electromagnetic processing of fuel.

External sources of high voltage (ignition coils, high-voltage converters and voltage multipliers) do not give much effect in mobile machines. The matter is that with the help of such sources it is possible to influence fuel only on a small part of the system (for example, inside the flow chamber). In addition, the intensity of the electric field created by them is considerably inferior to the natural electrostatic produced by triboelectrization. With a low field strength, the fuel is not highly electrochemical, and when discharged to the injector or to the carburettor sprayer, it is discharged due to leakage of the charge (relaxation).

However, fuels, as well as other nonpolar liquid dielectrics, are characterized by triboelectrization when they move. The formation of electrostatic charges at the expiration of hydrocarbon fuels is explained by the theory developed by Kozman and Gavis and subsequently developed in the works of Bobrovsky SA, Salimova AU, Tatarnov VV and etc.

This theory is based on the equations of charge transport in fuels through diffusion, conduction and convention. In the opinion of the scientists mentioned, electrostatic charges are formed as a result of preferential adsorption of ions of the same sign on the pipe walls, and their leakage occurs as a result of the ohmic conductivity of the fuel.

When triboelectric fuel is processed, its droplets, in addition to the molecular forces determining their strength, act directly proportional to the acquired charge (potential) and directed in the opposite direction to forces that reduce the coefficient of surface tension of the droplet s (Fig. 1), which results in a smaller dispersion of fuel And its effective combustion.

For the practical implementation of the foregoing (in contrast to the prototype), a new constructive solution is proposed-the combination of an external electric field and triboelectrization. For this purpose, the input and output fuel lines, metal balls and flow chamber are made of materials of the same polarization orientation and with a greater dielectric constant than fuel. Then, when moving through a pipeline, fuel is electrified, i. E. Acquires a charge and, getting into the flow chamber filled with balls, increases it under the influence of the electromagnetic field received from the winding supply, for example, alternating current from the excitation wire of the generator.

When the phase separation surface increases: the "pipeline wall-liquid" adsorbs a large number of ions of a certain sign participating in the electrolytic mechanism of the formation of electrostatic charge. Therefore, at the edges of the inlet and outlet fuel pipes, longitudinal slots are made to reduce the hydraulic resistances, which favors the flow of fuel at a higher rate and, accordingly, its better triboelectricity.

In order to preserve the acquired charge up to the combustion chamber, an insulating coating is applied to the inner surface of the outlet fuel pipe.

Thus, comparison of the claimed invention with the prototype allowed to establish its compliance with the criterion of "novelty".

When analyzing the state of the art in this field, it was discovered that the claimed set of essential features provides the proposed invention with the criterion of "inventive level".

DEVICE FOR FUEL PROCESSING

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a diagram of the effect of triboelectric fuel on the surface tension of its droplets; FIG. 2 is a functional diagram of a device for treating fuel for an internal combustion engine. FIG.

The device includes a flow chamber 1, on the outer surface of which there is a winding 2 connected to a power supply 3. Inside the flow chamber 1, metal balls 4 are loosely arranged. The flow chamber 1 is connected to the inlet 5 and outlet 6 fuel lines, and their respective sections 7 and 8 , Located inside the flow chamber, have longitudinal slots, and the inner surface of the outlet fuel pipe 6 has an insulation coating. The inlet 5 and outlet 6 fuel lines, metal balls 4 and flow chamber 1 are made of materials with the same polarization orientation and with a greater dielectric constant than fuel.

The device works as follows

The fuel from the pump flows through the pipeline 5 to the flow chamber 1, acquiring a charge as a result of triboelectrization and storing it in the chamber 1 due to the uniform polarization orientation of the materials of the pipelines 5 and 6, the balls 4 and the chamber 1 itself.

Due to the supply of the winding 2 from the source 3 (for example, by the ac voltage from the excitation wire of the generator), an electromagnetic field is induced in the chamber 1, whose lines of force cross the already charged fuel distributed on the surfaces of the balls 4 in the form of a thin film. As a result, the intensity of the joint electric field (in comparison with the prototype) increases, which creates high electrification of the fuel, leads to a high degree of charge stabilization and sufficient leveling of the charge throughout the fuel volume, regardless of its speed.

Longitudinal slots in sections 7 and 8 of the fuel lines contribute to an increase in the total area of ​​contact of the fuel flowing from the tin duct 5 and the fuel entering the fuel line 6, i.e. The phase separation surface: the "pipeline wall-liquid" becomes larger and, accordingly, a larger number of ions participate in the electrolytic mechanism of increasing the electrostatic charge.

In addition, the longitudinal slots in the sections 7 and 8 of the fuel lines contribute to the reduction of the hydraulic resistances, which favors the flow of fuel at a higher rate and, consequently, its better triboelectricity.

Preservation of the acquired charge up to the combustion chamber is facilitated by an insulating coating on the inner surface of the outlet fuel pipe 6.

The features listed above, which differ from the prototype, provide the proposed technical solution with the following advantages:

- reduce the surface tension of the fuel;

- contribute to the creation of a finely dispersed fuel-air mixture and the opening of the torch in the combustion chamber of the engine;

- due to the most complete combustion of such a fuel-air mixture, reduce the concentration of CO, CH and smoke in the exhaust gases of the engine, and reduce fuel consumption.

All this, on the whole, increases the efficiency of the use of the proposed invention and extends its functionality for use in power plants of various types, mainly in internal combustion engines.

CLAIM

A device for processing fuel containing a flow chamber connected to the inlet and outlet fuel pipes, a winding is located on the outer surface of the flow chamber and metal balls are loosely located inside the flow chamber, characterized in that the inlet and outlet fuel lines, metal balls and the flow chamber are made of materials With the same polarization orientation and with greater dielectric permeability than fuel, while the fuel pipe sections located inside the flow chamber are provided with longitudinal slots and the inner surface of the outlet fuel pipe has an insulation coating.

print version
Date of publication 07.04.2007gg