| section Home
Production, Amateur Radio amateur Model aircraft, rocket- Useful, entertaining |
Stealth master
Electronics Physics Technologies invention |
space Mystery
Earth Mysteries Secrets of the Ocean Stealth section Map |
  |
| Use of material is permitted for reference (for websites - hyperlinks) | |||
Navigation: => |
Home / Products Patents / In the section of the catalog / back / |
|
INVENTION
Russian Federation Patent RU2149136
Thermochemical oxygen generator,
SOLID COMPOSITION KISLORODOVYDELYAYUSCHEGO ELEMENT
AND DEVICE FOR OXYGEN SUPPLY
Name of the inventor: Smirnov IA (RU); Logunov AT (RU); Shapovalov Valeriy (UA); Vladimir Vanin (UA)
The name of the patentee: Logunov Alex T.
Address for correspondence: 123480, Moscow, ul. Travel 18 kv.271, Smirnov IA
Starting date of the patent: 1998.09.11
The invention is designed to produce oxygen of chemicals and can be used as a respiratory or breathing devices as well as for medical or technical purposes. Thermochemical oxygen generator comprises a body with gas and oxygen nipple chuck kislorodovydelyayuschy comprising a solid element in the form of briquettes with an opening, which is provided with a protective sheath, and placed into a sealed casing heater which is mounted in the bore of the briquette. Thus the outer containment part is made permeable in a helical sheath of thin metal strip - the foil, which adjacent turns overlapping each other, and the inner part is a continuous impervious surface. Composition kislorodovydelyayuschego element comprises 70-80 wt.% Of sodium perchlorate, 1.0-2.5 wt. % Silicon and superoxide and / or sodium peroxide - the rest. On the basis of thermo-chemical oxygen generator is a device for the supply of oxygen, which contains a fridge included after thermochemical generator and receiver with a layer of the adsorbent. It provides enhanced functionality thermochemical oxygen generator and a device for the supply of oxygen, made on its basis. The composition has a high and stable rate of decomposition, is made of cheaper raw materials.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to means for producing oxygen from chemical substances and can be used as a respiratory or breathing devices as well as for medical or technical purposes.
Of the prior art known thermochemical oxygen generator comprising a housing with gas fitting and disposed in the housing oxygen cartridge comprising a solid kislorodovydelyayuschy element in the form of briquettes with an opening, which is provided with a protective sheath, and placed into a sealed casing heater which is mounted in the bore of the briquette (see. US N 5733508, No. l. A 62 B 7/08, 1998). When heat from the heater to the preform occurs and ignition of the thermal decomposition of oxygen-containing composition from which the briquette, with liberation of oxygen.
The main drawback of this design is the difficulty of controlling the oxygen generation speed, since decomposition reaction of oxygen-containing composition takes place with evolution of heat, even when placed in a body of several replaceable oxygen cartridges makes the process practically unmanageable and depends only on geometrical parameters kislorodovydelyayuschego element - preform and the composition of the components, ie .e. qualitative and quantitative chemical substances.
The closest to the invention is of known composition kislorodovydelyayuschego solid element comprising magnesium perchlorate, superoxide and / or sodium peroxide, and silicon dioxide (see. The above-mentioned US patent N 5,733,508), but its rate of thermal decomposition is not high enough.
and a device for supplying oxygen, formed on the basis of thermo-chemical oxygen generator with a solid kislorodovydelyayuschim element (see. above US patent N 5733508) that is due to the presence of oxygen accumulator (receiver) and piping systems with Flow Control and test equipment allows to supply oxygen different consumers. However, the functionality of this device is limited.
The invention is directed at enhancing the functionality of a thermal chemical oxygen generator and oxygen supply device formed on its base.
Furthermore, the invention aims to provide a composition kislorodovydelyayuschego solid member having a sufficiently high and stable rate of decomposition of cheap raw materials.
The solution of this problem is provided in that the thermo-chemical oxygen generator comprising a housing with gas fitting and disposed in the housing oxygen cartridge comprising a solid kislorodovydelyayuschy element in the form of briquettes with an opening, which is provided with a protective sheath, and placed in a sealed enclosure heater that is installed in the hole preform according to the invention the outer part of the protective sheath is made permeable in a helical sheath of thin metal strip - the foil, which adjacent turns overlapping each other, and the interior of the containment is a continuous impervious surface.
In this spiral braided protective sheath may be multilayered, which allows handling (pick) and resistance to thermal decomposition rate preform, and thus the release of oxygen in the manufacture or prior to use of the oxygen cartridge.
The solution of the problem is provided by the fact that the solid composition kislorodovydelyayuschego element comprising superoxide and sodium perchlorate and / or sodium peroxide, further comprises silicon in the following ratio, wt.%:
sodium perchlorate - 70-80
Silicon - 1.0-2.5
Nadpepoksid and / or sodium peroxide - Other
Thus the claimed element kislorodovydelyayuschego solid composition may further contain silicon dioxide in an amount up to 5 wt.%
In addition, the object is achieved in that the device for the supply of oxygen containing at least one thermo-chemical oxygen generator with a solid kislorodovydelyayuschim element, receiver, piping system with test and measurement and shut-off and regulating equipment and connection means to the consumer, according to the invention the receiver is a layer of adsorbent (e.g., zeolite) and the pipeline connecting the outlet thermochemical oxygen generator with means for connecting the receiver and to the consumer, a refrigerator.
The presence of the adsorbent bed in the receiver in conjunction with a fridge included at the output of a generator or thermochemical located on the vent fitting device for oxygen supply, expands functionality, allowing oxygen to obtain the required parameters for different users with a high degree of accumulation (storage) the evolved oxygen.
 |
 |
 |
FIG. 1 schematically shows a general view of thermochemical oxygen generator; FIG. 2 schematically shows the placement of a few rounds in the thermochemical oxygen generator oxygen; FIG. 3 shows a diagram of the device for the supply of oxygen.
Thermochemical oxygen generator comprises a housing 1, which accommodates an oxygen cartridge comprising a solid kislorodovydelyayuschy element in the form provided with a protective sheath preform 2 with a hole 3 (a through or blind), a heater 4 placed in the sealed casing 5 from a material with high thermal conductivity, which is mounted in the 3 briquette hole 2. The outer part 6 is made permeable protective sheath in a helical sheath of thin metal foil, tape, wherein adjacent windings overlapping each other, and the inner part 7 has a continuous impervious surface. The output of the generator body 1 is set thermochemical gas exhaust nozzle 8 equipped with a filter 9, check valve 10 and condenser 11. Heater housing 4 has at the bottom of the radiator 12 (possibly with external ribbing), which reduces the construction details relative to overheat, and the heater 4 itself It may be electrical, chemical, etc. elektropirotehnicheskim.
When performing thermochemical generator with several oxygen cartridges 13 (see. FIG. 2), the latter are placed on the same level in the sections formed in the housing 1, the heat-insulating partitions 14 that provides discrete control of the oxygen release rate (including breaks in the oxygen separation) by the serial-parallel kislorodovydelyaschih switching elements to the work.
To change the speed of the thermal decomposition of solid kislorodovydelyayuschego element, and thus the rate of oxygen evolution in time for a given program outer part 6 of the containment briquette 2 can be performed with a multi-layer non-uniform distribution of turns layers along the length of the preform 2.
Thermochemical oxygen generator operates as follows.
When the heater 4 therein liberated heat through the wall of the housing 5 and the inner portion of the containment is supplied to the solid preform kislorodovydelyayuschego element 2, which at a certain temperature starts thermal decomposition reaction composition comprising: 70 - 80 wt% of sodium perchlorate;. 1.0-2.5 wt% silicon (may be up to 5 wt% silica, which fraction value is greater than that of silicon.).; superoxide and / or sodium peroxide - the rest, with liberation of oxygen. The resulting oxygen fills the cavity of the housing 1 and through the nozzle 8, having a refrigerator 11, is fed to the consumer.
The rate of decomposition of the solid composition kislorodovydelyayuschego element, which is determined by the travel time of the chemical reaction zone on the inner surface of the packet 2 in contact with the heater 4, to its outer surface, and the amount of released oxygen depends on the quantitative content of components and the size of the briquette. For example, a preform for a circular cylinder 30 mm in diameter, 200 mm in height and weighing 250 g, containing 70 wt% sodium perchlorate;. 2.0 wt.% Silica and 28 wt. % Sodium peroxide, the decomposition rate of the composition (oxygen release rate) of 9.5 mm / min (3.9 l / min) and the amount of released oxygen is equal to 82.1 liters.
In accordance with the invention based on the above-described thermal chemical oxygen generator accomplished device supplying oxygen (see. FIG. 3), which contains one or more thermochemical generator 15, the oxygen attached to the common rail 16, a refrigerator 17, a receiver 18, partially or completely filled with adsorbent (e.g., zeolite), the means 19, 20 respectively connecting to consumers of high and low pressure, which are connected with the system piping test equipment.
Device for oxygen supply operates as follows.
Liberated in thermochemical oxygen generators 15 is cooled in cooler 17 and fed into receiver 18, where the accumulated-adsorbed layer of zeolite with a high degree of accumulation, and through means 19 or 20 is given a high or low pressure to the consumer. At the same time due to the presence of the receiver 18 is provided as a smooth regulation of the oxygen flow rate to different users regardless of the mode of operation of thermochemical generator 15, and the possibility of accumulation of oxygen, followed by the supply of consumers after the decomposition process kislorodovydelyayuschego composition.
CLAIM
1. Thermochemical oxygen generator comprising a housing fitting with gas and positioned in a cartridge casing oxygen, kislorodovydelyayuschy comprising a solid element in the form of briquettes with an opening, which is provided with a protective sheath, and placed into a sealed casing heater which is mounted in the bore of the briquette, characterized in that outer containment part is made permeable in a helical sheath of thin metal foil, tape, wherein adjacent windings overlapping each other, and the interior of the containment is a continuous impervious surface.
2. Thermochemical oxygen generator according to claim 1, characterized in that the spiral sheath is made multilayer containment.
3. Thermochemical oxygen generator according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the gas exhaust nozzle is provided with a refrigerator, a heater and a sealed casing made of a material with high thermal conductivity and is provided with a radiator.
Thermochemical 4. Oxygen generator according to any one of claims 1 - 3, characterized in that the insulating housing is divided by vertical partitions into sections, each of which is placed an oxygen cartridge.
5. The composition of solid kislorodovydelyayuschego element comprising superoxide and sodium perchlorate and / or sodium peroxide, characterized in that it further comprises silicon in the following ratio, wt.%:
sodium perchlorate - 70 - 80
Silicon - 1.0 - 2.5
Superoxide and / or sodium peroxide - Other
6. The composition of the solid kislorodovydelyayuschego element according to claim 5, characterized in that it further comprises silica in an amount up to 5 wt.%.
7. Device for oxygen supply comprising at least one thermo-chemical oxygen generator, a receiver, a system of pipelines with control and measuring and regulating equipment shut-off means and connection to a consumer, characterized in that the receiver is placed in the adsorbent bed and the pipeline connecting output thermochemical oxygen generator with a receiver and a means of connection to the consumer, a fridge.
print version
Publication date 26.02.2007gg
Comments
Commenting, keep in mind that the content and the tone of your messages can hurt the feelings of real people, show respect and tolerance to his interlocutors, even if you do not share their opinion, your behavior in terms of freedom of speech and anonymity offered by the Internet, is changing not only virtual, but real world. All comments are hidden from the index, spam control.