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INVENTION
Patent of the Russian Federation RU2282582
METHOD OF PRODUCTION OF HYDROGEN AND CARBON DIOXIDE FROM BIOMASS
The name of the inventor: Sinev Alexander Vladimirovich (RU); Gradetsky Valery Georgievich (RU); Kravchuk Leonid Nikitovich (RU); Bashkirov Sergey Alexandrovich (RU); Popovich Vladimir Andrianovich (RU); Lebedenko Igor Borisovich (RU); Kochetov Oleg Savelievich (RU); Leontief Irina Nikolaevna (RU)
The name of the patent holder: Institute of Mechanical Engineering. Acad. Blagonravov RAS (RU)
Address for correspondence: 101830, Moscow, Malyi Haritonevsky per., 4, Institute of Mechanical Engineering im. Acad. Blagonravov, RAS, Patent Department, G.S. Kuplina
Date of commencement of the patent: 2004.10.06
The invention relates to methods and means for producing hydrogen and carbon dioxide from brown algae, which can be used within the framework of the concept of hydrogen energy using modern biotechnologies. The method for the production of hydrogen and carbon dioxide from biomass is that brown seaweed is used as a biomass that is harvested in the Sargasso Sea of the Atlantic Ocean; the main technological processes for the production of hydrogen and carbon dioxide are produced on the shipyard in the Sargasso Sea, and the collection and feeding of brown Algae on the floating base are produced with the help of trawlers-assemblers. At the shipping base, brown algae are processed by bioferment into methane, followed by steam-oxygen conversion of methane to form a synthesis gas consisting of a mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide, the conversion of carbon monoxide by steam, followed by the separation of hydrogen and carbon dioxide with hydrogen purification on a palladium Membrane and feeding it into a modular system of metal hydride hydrogen storage devices, and carbon dioxide is collected into cylinders in a compressed or liquid state. The products obtained in metal hydride tanks and cylinders on transport ships are delivered to ports. The generation of electricity for technological processes is carried out using fuel cell technology. The invention allows increasing the production of hydrogen and carbon dioxide from the brown algae of the World Ocean.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to methods and means for producing hydrogen and carbon dioxide from brown algae and can be used within the framework of the concept of hydrogen energy using modern biotechnologies.
The closest technical solution to the claimed object is the method for producing hydrogen and carbon dioxide from biomass, consisting in the following: acidic, neutral and methane fermentation of biomass in accordance with RF patent No. 2095407, cl. From 12M 1/107 of 15.02.1995 .
The disadvantage of the known method is the relatively low efficiency of methane production due to the lack of biomass in a large volume and the limited nature of its occurrence as a raw material resource.
The aim of the invention is to increase the production of hydrogen and carbon dioxide from biomass by obtaining these products from the brown seaweed of the World Ocean.
This is achieved by using brown algae as a biomass in the process for the production of hydrogen and carbon dioxide from biomass, which consist of acidic, neutral and methane fermentation, which are collected in the Sargasso Sea of the Atlantic Ocean, the basic technological processes for the production of hydrogen and Carbon dioxide is produced on the ship-floating base in the Sargasso Sea, and the collection and supply of brown algae to the floating base are carried out with the help of trawlers-collectors. Algae is processed by bio-enzymes into methane, then steam-oxygen conversion of methane is carried out to form a synthesis gas consisting of a mixture of hydrogen and carbon dioxide, after which hydrogen and carbon dioxide are separated to purify hydrogen on a palladium membrane and feed it to a modular system Metal hydride accumulators of hydrogen, and carbon dioxide is collected into cylinders in a compressed or liquid state. The products obtained in metal hydride tanks and cylinders on transport ships are delivered to ports. The generation of electricity for technological processes is carried out using fuel cell technology.
The figure shows the scheme of the complex for implementing the proposed method.
The complex for implementing the method for producing hydrogen and carbon dioxide from biomass includes a floating vessel 1, trawlers-gatherers of 2 brown algae, an installation 3 of processing algae into methane, a unit 4 for processing methane into synthesis gas, which is a mixture of hydrogen and carbon dioxide, A hydrogen and carbon dioxide separation unit 5, a hydrogen collector 6, a carbon dioxide collector 7, a fuel cell power plant and a transport ship 9.
The method for producing hydrogen and carbon dioxide from biomass is carried out as follows.
One of the most powerful sources of biomass in the Earth's biosphere is the brown algae of the World Ocean. They attract the attention of scientists of oceanologists and biologists as a source for obtaining methane. There is a section of the World Ocean covered by floating brown algae-sargassa. This site is located in the heart of the Atlantic Ocean between 23-35 ° north latitude and 30-68 ° west longitude and is called the Sargasso Sea. These floating algae cover the surface of the ocean and extend to a depth of 10 ... 12 m . The area of the sea is 6 ... 7 million square meters. Km , i. This is roughly the area of Western Europe. The depth of the ocean in this place reaches 7 km . If we take the algal density of 200 kg / m 3 , the biomass will amount to about 200 billion tons of sargasso algae. Apparently, algae in the Sargasso Sea do not grow, but are brought by sea currents from the coastal zones of the World Ocean. This part of the Ocean is international waters. There are no international laws prohibiting the collection and processing of these algae, therefore, within the framework of the concept of hydrogen energy, using modern biotechnologies, it is expedient to collect these algae and process them.
You can build the following chain of technologies. Brown seaweed is processed into methane. If we focus on the achievements of the Department of Chemical Enzymology of the Faculty of Chemistry of Moscow State University (see newspaper No. 12 (774), dated March 26, 2004, p. 7) , then using enzymes that dissolve the biomass, the algae are processed into methane and carbon dioxide. Further, the synthesis gas obtained is processed according to the following scheme: the steam-oxygen conversion of methane is carried out; Conversion of carbon monoxide by steam, resulting in a mixture of carbon dioxide and molecular hydrogen; Then hydrogen and carbon dioxide are separated. Hydrogen is purified, it is filled with individual tanks with metal hydrides, and carbon dioxide (under pressure or in liquefied form) - cylinders. On transport ships, these tanks and cylinders are delivered to the ports of Russia and other countries. Some of the produced hydrogen is used to produce electricity at a fuel cell power plant. Produced hydrogen is used as an energy carrier. Carbon dioxide is used for the production of urea.
CLAIM
The method for producing hydrogen and carbon dioxide from biomass, in particular from brown algae, is that brown algae is processed into methane using enzymes that dissolve the biomass, characterized in that the biomass is brown algae that is harvested in the Sargasso Sea of the Atlantic Ocean , The main technological processes for the production of hydrogen and carbon dioxide are produced on the ship-ship in the Sargasso Sea, and the collection and supply of brown algae to the floating base are carried out with the help of trawler pickers, the hydrogen separation being carried out with its purification on a palladium membrane and feeding it into a modular system of metal hydride Hydrogen accumulators, and carbon dioxide is collected into cylinders in a compressed or liquid state, with the products obtained in metal hydride tanks and cylinders on transport ships being delivered to ports, with the generation of electricity for technological processes carried out using fuel cell technology.
Method for the production of hydrogen and carbon dioxide from biomass, characterized in that the collection of brown algae is carried out in the center of the Atlantic Ocean between 23-35 ° north latitude and 30-68 ° west longitude at a depth of 10 ... 12 m with the help of a floating vessel with trawlers -columners.
print version
Date of publication 22.11.2006гг
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