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INVENTION
Patent of the Russian Federation RU2083481
A METHOD FOR PRODUCING MOLECULAR HYDROGEN FROM BLUE-GREEN ALGAE
The name of the inventor: Markov Sergey Arlenovich
The name of the patent owner: Markov Sergey Arlenovich
Address for correspondence:
The effective date of the patent: 1992.04.07
Use: in biological methods of obtaining molecular hydrogen due to the energy of sunlight. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: Blue-green algae are located on hollow fibers 8 inside a phyto-bioreactor, which is filled with a nutrient medium consisting of water, mineral salts, catalyst and gas, which is air at 500 torr, and then separated from the nutrient medium that absorbed the seaweed-separated hydrogen The latter being heated to a temperature of not more than 80-90 ° C. The invention allows to increase the duration and amount of hydrogen released by the algae.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to biological methods for producing molecular hydrogen due to the energy of sunlight. The method includes selecting a nutrient medium that induces continuous hydrogen evolution by immobilized on hollow fibers with blue-green algae in a photobioreactor.
A method is known for producing hydrogen in a photobioreactor [1] from blue-green algae immobilized on hydrophobic hollow fibers after replacement of air in a nutrient medium consisting of water, mineral salts (Alain-Arnon medium [2] and air to an atmosphere of inert argon gas by purging. Algae were placed in an argon atmosphere in order to remove molecular nitrogen from the culture medium in which the catalyst enzyme nitrogenase responsible for hydrogen evolution and fixation of molecular nitrogen catalyzed only the evolution of hydrogen.Hydrogen was separated from the nutrient medium (water) by spontaneous diffusion.
The disadvantage of this method is that the cyanobacteria did not release hydrogen for a long time (only 25-30 days) and the rate of the process was low and gradually decreased. In the nutrient medium there was no molecular nitrogen necessary for the vital activity of cyanobacterial cells. Thus, this method has not found practical application.
During the conducted patent studies on scientific and technical and patent literature, no solutions were found that contained the distinctive features of the proposed method of hydrogen production, which allows to conclude that they meet the criteria "Novelty" and "Essential differences".
The object of the present invention is to increase the amount and time of hydrogen evolution from the blue-green algae immobilized on hollow hydrophilic fibers in a photobioreactor, which raises the question of the industrial production of this gas.
The goal is achieved by sucking air from a nutrient medium consisting of water, mineral salts (Alain-Arnon medium [2]) and air from a photobioreactor at a pressure of (500 torr), i.e. The air content in the nutrient medium and, correspondingly, its constituent parts of molecular nitrogen, carbon dioxide and oxygen is lower than in the environment. The amount of hydrogen released depends on the air pressure in the photobioreactor, lowering the pressure leads to an increase in the rate of hydrogen evolution.
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The composition of the typical bioreactor shown in the drawing includes the following constituent parts: a thermostated glass column with hollow fibers connected together so that the internal space of the fibers has a common outlet 1, a container for the nutrient medium 2, a pump for supplying the nutrient medium 3, a thermostat 4, Hoses 5. Of these parts, a bioreactor of the required capacity is prepared. |
The production of hydrogen in a photobioreactor is carried out as follows:
Preliminarily prepares the nutrient medium of Alain-Arnon [2] 6 from mineral salts and water. The nutrient medium in the bioreactor is evacuated using a vacuum pump at a pressure of 500 torr. For a better evacuation, the nutrient medium is heated to 50 ° C before evacuation. A suspension of blue-green algae 7 is introduced into the photobioreactor, which is immobilized on the outer surface of the hollow fibers. 8. The nutrient medium 6 is continuously pumped to the photobioreactor in the photobioreactor. 6. Under illumination of 9 under conditions of reduced air / molecular nitrogen / in the nutrient medium, blue-green algae secrete hydrogen. It is essential for the photobioreactor that the presence of molecular nitrogen and carbon dioxide in the medium allows the blue-green algae to grow and carry out its vital activity. Continuously released hydrogen blue-green algae, dissolving in a nutrient medium, seeps with the medium into the inner part of the hollow fibers and then through the hose 5 into the gas-liquid separator 10. In the separator, under heating to 90 ° C, hydrogen is separated from the nutrient medium.
Hydrogen evolution in the photobioreactor under conditions of a reduced amount of air continues continuously for 5-6 months at a rate of up to 2 ml H 2 per mg dry weight of algal biomass per hour / arr. 40 kg H 2 per ha per hour). The photobioreactor is completely hermetic, which allows to conduct the process with an algologically and bacterially pure culture.
The long-term release of hydrogen is due to the fact that molecular nitrogen necessary for the growth and life activity of blue-green algae is contained in a reduced amount in the nutrient medium.
It is essential that the production of hydrogen in photobioreactors can be located on lands unsuitable for traditional farming.
CLAIM
A method for producing molecular hydrogen from blue-green algae, comprising immobilizing blue-green algae on hollow fibers in a bioreactor, passing a nutrient medium containing water, mineral salts and gas through it, and then separating hydrogen, characterized in that the passage of the nutrient medium is carried out at a pressure of A 500 Torr bioreactor, and the hydrogen separation is carried out with heating to a temperature of no more than 90 ° C.
print version
Publication date 27.02.2007gg
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