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INVENTION
Russian Federation Patent RU2176838

DEVICE FOR singlet oxygen

DEVICE FOR singlet oxygen

Name of the inventor: Vyskubenko BA .; Volkov AV .; Ilyin SP .; Kolobyanin YV .; Krukovskiy IM
The name of the patentee: Russian Federal Nuclear Center - All-Russian Research Institute of Experimental Physics
Address for correspondence: 607190, Nizhny Novgorod region, Sarov, Mira, 37, RFNC-VNIIEF, OPINTI, beg... OPINTI A.A.Kimachevu or deputy. beg. OPINTI N.A.Volkovoy
Starting date of the patent: 2000.07.11

The invention relates to the field of quantum electronics, primarily to chemical lasers, and can be used in chemical oxygen-iodine laser. A device for producing singlet oxygen chemical reactor comprises a housing, a source of chlorine, the injection device coupled to a source of hydrogen peroxide, mixed with alkali, formed as a hollow rotor with apertures in the wall, to the spent mixture collector, a device output of singlet oxygen. A device for producing singlet oxygen displacement liquid is provided with means made as a multiple-thread screw on the outer surface of the rotor. The liquid pump is installed in the reactor vessel to the rotor shaft so as to accommodate the impeller it among any of the ends of the rotor and a device for the waste liquid. Technical result of invention: increasing productivity and reliability of operation of the device for singlet oxygen.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to the field of quantum electronics, primarily to chemical lasers, and can be used in chemical oxygen-iodine laser (COIL).

Known compact film generating singlet oxygen (GSK) with rotating discs [1]. In this generator, a plurality of thin discs bonded together with a gap 2 - 3 mm, and partially immersed in an alkaline solution of hydrogen peroxide. The discs rotate at a speed of about 20 rev / min and wetted with an alkaline solution of hydrogen peroxide, resulting in the disc surface is formed a film of liquid of thickness approximately 0.03 cm. Chlorine gas, passing in the gaps between the discs, is reacted with a film of alkali solution of hydrogen peroxide to form singlet oxygen with the degree of excitation between 40% and 60% at a degree of utilization to 90% chlorine. The total gas pressure in the generator is from 40 to 60 Torr. To reduce relaxation losses chloro singlet oxygen before entering the reaction zone of the generator disk is pre-mixed with helium in a molar ratio He: Cl 2 = 4/3, so the generator generates singlet oxygen with a partial pressure of about 10-15 torr. Specific productivity of singlet oxygen in such a reactor does not exceed 1.5 mg / s · cm 2. The main drawback of the disk film reactor caused rapid generation of the working solution of the film when the pressure increases and the gas velocity. Increasing the metabolic rate of the solution by increasing the rotational speed of disks leads to disruption of the film from the disk and the ends of the appearance of the aerosol at the exit of HSC that limits the performance of the reactor, and when used in conjunction with a laser - to increase the nonresonant loss level in the laser cavity and reducing its efficiency.

Known singlet oxygen jet generator (SGSK), wherein the jet alkaline solution of hydrogen peroxide react with the chlorine gas stream [2]. Based on this idea can be implemented in three different schemes continuous SGSK differing directions of motion of the alkaline solution of hydrogen peroxide and chlorine streams: a cocurrent, counter transverse and [3]. The most effective so far considered SGSK counter circuit, ie. K. Reactants at such movement is carried out more fully separation of fine liquid droplets, since it takes time to their inhibition and are significantly less entrained gas flow counter. Furthermore, the solution in the upper stream of the reactor act as an efficient heat exchanger to stabilize the temperature of the liquid gas at a temperature (T = -20 - -15 o C), thereby ensuring a low content of water vapor at the outlet SGSK. The length of the reaction zone is chosen so that the degree of processing of chlorine was higher than 95%, and the concentration of singlet oxygen outlet SGSK not lower than 60%. Generally, the length of the reaction zone is ~ 10 cm. [4] of the gas flow velocity in the reaction zone SGSK reached 37 m / s at a total reactor pressure of about 100 Torr and the partial pressure of singlet oxygen is about 20 Torr at singlet oxygen production rate of about 7 mg / s · cm 2. Inkjet high pressure generating singlet oxygen has several advantages compared to the previous analogue - HSC disc film: higher values ​​of partial pressure and specific productivity of singlet oxygen, the absence of rotating parts. The main disadvantages of the jet GSK is a limit of reactor performance and poor reliability, especially in the area of ​​maximum output parameters associated with the inability to increase the velocity of the gas in the reactor is above about 40 m / s due to the destruction of the jets, and a sharp increase in the aerosol content at the reactor outlet.

A device for producing singlet oxygen [5], comprising a chemical reactor vessel, a source of chlorine gas, a hydrogen peroxide source with a mixture of alkali, the mixture injection device installed in the reactor vessel, and the output of singlet oxygen from the reactor. mixture injection device is a hollow rotor with apertures in its wall connected to a source of mixture, the reactor body comprises a collector for collecting and draining the spent mixture and to set the output of the reactor apparatus for transforming rotary motion into linear gas along the reactor axis. Preparation of singlet oxygen based on the interaction of a chemical reactor with the jets of gas mixture of chlorine hydrogen peroxide with an alkali, followed by separation of the resulting aerosol by singlet oxygen and liquid. Branch singlet oxygen is carried out simultaneously with the mixing of interacting components in a field of centrifugal forces directed perpendicular to the flow of the mixed components. Create a centrifugal force field in the chemical reactor by rotational movement of components to be mixed, and the waste is removed from the mixture of membrane reactor bed, wherein the rotation axis coincides with the axis of the chemical reactor. The device described in the literature received the name of singlet oxygen generator with an aerosol gas swirling flow (AZ GSK) [6]. Currently, this reactor has the world's highest performance among all known types of reactors: the level of pressure of singlet oxygen - up to 150 Torr and higher chemical efficiency - up to 75%, the degree of excitation of oxygen - up to 70%, the degree of chlorine processing - more than 95% maximum gas velocity in the reactor - 85 m / s. Specific productivity of singlet oxygen in a reactor reached about 15 mg / s · cm 2. According to the technical nature of the device closest to the proposed technical solution and therefore selected as a prototype. Further increase performance device prevents the lack of waste removal rate of hydrogen peroxide from a mixture with the alkali chemical reactor, which leads from a certain flow rate to the reactor and the appearance of the liquid overflow outlet of the device. This limits the performance of the device for producing singlet oxygen and reduces reliability.

Summary of the Invention.

The technical problem of the invention is to increase the rate of removal of spent hydrogen peroxide mixture with alkali to obtain a device of singlet oxygen.

The technical result - increased productivity and reliability of the device for producing singlet oxygen.

This is achieved by the fact that in the known device singlet oxygen generator, comprising a housing of a chemical reactor, a source of chlorine gas injection device coupled to a source of hydrogen peroxide mixture with alkali installed in the reactor pressure vessel and formed as a hollow rotor with apertures in the wall of collector collection and removal of waste mixtures and output device singlet oxygen distinguishing is that it is provided with means for moving fluid, made in the form of a multiple-thread screw on the outer surface of the rotor, and a fluid pump installed in the reactor vessel to the rotor shaft so as to accommodate its impeller between any of the ends of the rotor and a device for collecting and draining waste liquid.

These differences allow to create a high-performance and highly reliable device for producing singlet oxygen and higher performance than that of the prototype.

Not detected apparatus for producing singlet oxygen, which are provided with means for moving fluid, in particular made as multistart screw on the outer surface of the rotor. When rotating the screw rotor surface moves liquid in the reactor vessel to one of the rotor ends (depending on the spin rotor and the rotor rotation direction), and thereby effectively remove the spent fluid from the reaction zone, preventing the reactor overflow for large liquid costs than prototype. It should be noted that the execution of a rotor with blades shaped mixture flow along a prototype designed to impart rotational movement to mix the components and does not serve to move the liquid in the reactor. The proposed technical solution, as the presence of fluid movement means not only speed up the removal of waste liquid, but also to increase the flow rate without overflow reactor. This makes it possible to process in the same reactor, a greater amount of chemical chlorine gas and reactor outlet to receive the greater amount of singlet oxygen, i.e. improve performance and reliability of the device as a whole.

Not detected apparatus for producing singlet oxygen, which are provided with a fluid pump installed in the reactor vessel to the rotor shaft so as to accommodate the impeller it among any of the ends of the rotor and a device for collecting and draining waste liquid. Using this technical solution allows to apply waste liquid directly to the screw rotor surfaces on the impeller fluid inlet of the pump, and the pump output - directly to a collector for collecting and removing waste mixture minimizes the path length of the fluid removal, reduces the hydraulic losses and, thereby, significantly increases the rate of removal of spent hydrogen peroxide liquor from a chemical reactor, eliminates hydraulic fluid overflows. This gives the opportunity to increase in comparison with the prototype of the working fluid flow rate through the reactor is recycled into the same chemical reactor a greater number of chlorine gas and reactor outlet to receive a greater amount of singlet oxygen, i.e. increase the performance of the device as a whole. At the same time it prevents overflow liquid chemical reactor operating at considerably higher cost as compared with the prior art and, thus, enhance device reliability. Installation liquid pump impeller directly on the rotor shaft chemical reactor can be used to drive the liquid pump drive and the reactor, thereby simplifying the device structure to produce singlet oxygen, minimizes the number of moving parts of the device, which increases its reliability.

Implementation of the proposed technical solutions can be made to accommodate two different embodiments of a fluid pump and reservoir for collection and removal of waste mixtures of hydrogen peroxide with respect to the output device alkali singlet oxygen from a chemical reactor. In the first embodiment, the impeller of a fluid pump installed on the rotor side end opposite to an output device of singlet oxygen. In this embodiment, the direction of traffic flow of the working fluid and gas in the reactor opposite. This prevents the ingress of a working fluid in the output stream of singlet oxygen up to the maximum liquid flow and increase the reliability of the device, but due to the movement of gas rotary screw surfaces of the rotor the gas pressure in the reactor drops along the rotor from the inlet to the outlet, which leads to some increase in relaxation loss of stored energy in the singlet oxygen and thus reduce device performance. In the second embodiment, the impeller of a fluid pump installed on the rotor side end adjacent to the output device of singlet oxygen. In this case, the direction of traffic flow of the working fluid and gas in the same reactor. The gas pressure along the rotor increases from the inlet to the outlet, which is beneficial to the preservation of the stored energy in the electronic singlet oxygen and increasing the productivity of the reactor. At the same time, the reliability of this variant of the reactor may be slightly reduced in comparison with the previous version because of the greater likelihood of liquid into the output stream of singlet oxygen, as singlet oxygen output and a collector for collecting and removing waste mixture spatially located considerably closer to each other than in the first embodiment, and the liquid and gas flows move in one direction. Depending on the destination device to produce singlet oxygen is preferably one or the other device, but in any of the variants and the performance and reliability of the device will be significantly higher than that of the prototype.

DEVICE FOR singlet oxygen DEVICE FOR singlet oxygen

The claimed device for producing singlet oxygen is explained by the drawings of FIGS. 1 and FIG. 2, where: 1 - the case of a chemical reactor; 2 - waste collector for collecting and draining the mixture; 3 - a source of chlorine gas; 4 - source of hydrogen peroxide the mixture with alkali; 5 - multi-start screw hollow shaft; 6 - screw surface of the rotor; 7 - holes in the wall of the rotor; 8 - rotor drive device; 9 - a liquid pump; 10 - liquid pump impeller; 11 - output device singlet oxygen; 12 - the flow of singlet oxygen.

A device for producing singlet oxygen of FIG. 1, the chemical reactor comprises a housing 1 with a collector for the collection and removal of waste mixtures of hydrogen peroxide with alkali 2. The chemical reactor 1 is connected to a chlorine gas source 3 and a source of hydrogen peroxide with a mixture of alkali 4. In the case of the chemical reactor 1 is set to the injection device peroxide mixture with alkali hydrogen formed as a hollow screw rotor multistart screw surfaces 5 and 6 holes in its wall 7 connected to a source of a mixture of 4 and the rotor drive device 8. 5 rotor shaft between the rotor end face opposite to the output device 11 of singlet oxygen, and a collector for collecting and removing waste mixture 2 is mounted an impeller 10 of the liquid pump 9. In the second embodiment of the device for producing singlet oxygen depicted in FIG. 2, the impeller 10 of a fluid pump 9 is mounted between rotor end 5 adjacent to the device for outputting singlet oxygen 11, and a collector for collecting and removing waste mixture 2.

A device for producing singlet oxygen works as follows. The chemical reactor 1 is rotationally driven at a frequency of 40-60 Hz rotor 5 by a drive unit 8, such as an electric motor. 3 from the source to the chemical reactor 1 is supplied chlorine gas from source 4 and - a liquid mixture of hydrogen peroxide with alkali. The mixture 4 is fed under pressure into the inner cavity multistart screw rotor 5, and then introduced into the reactor 1 in the form of jets and / or aerosol through the openings 7 in the side surface of the rotor 5. As a result of a chemical reaction between chlorine and a mixture 3 of hydrogen peroxide with alkali 4 is formed 12 singlet oxygen (oxygen, excited at first electronic level), which is output from a chemical reactor 1 via the output device 11. The waste mixture of hydrogen peroxide with alkali 4 forms on the wall of the reactor 1 liquid layer. Rotating the rotor 5 with the reactor shell 1 surfaces screw 6 is a screw pump which removes the spent mixture of 4 with a cylindrical inner wall of the reactor 1 to the liquid inlet of the pump 9, for example a centrifugal. A rotating together with the rotor 5 of the impeller 10 of the pump 9 the waste liquid 4 is removed from the mixture of the reactor 1 through a collector for collecting and removing waste mixture Chloro 2. 3 almost completely (over 95%) is produced in the reactor 1 by reacting with a mixture of peroxide 4 with an alkali hydrogen, and thus, the output device 12 forms a gas stream consisting predominantly (70-75% or more) of singlet oxygen.

RFNC - VNIIEF carried out the design study of a device for singlet oxygen, and made it a working model. Test device layout shown that specific productivity of singlet oxygen was more than 18 mg / sec · cm 2, t. E. Increased compared with the prior art by more than 20%.

The proposed device for producing singlet oxygen has a number of additional advantages over existing analogues. Firstly, the waste liquid pressure at the outlet exceeds the atmospheric pressure, which greatly facilitates the organization of recycling the working solution in the long-term operation of the device and extends the range of liquid pumps suitable for pumping the working fluid in the oxygen-iodine laser. Second, it has a higher performance, because its operation is not dependent on the presence and direction of the force of gravity.

Due to the high performance and reliability, the proposed device for producing singlet oxygen will be widely used in industrial oxygen-iodine lasers, but also in the field of environmental protection, for example, to purify drinking water.

USED ​​BOOKS

1. GM Harpole, WD English, JO Berg, and DJ Miller, "A rotating disk oxygen generator", AIAA Paper 92-3006, presented at the 23 rd Plasmadynamics and Laser Conference, 6 July 1992, Nashville, TN, USA.

2. NF Balan, Zagidullin MB Download now, AJ Kurov, VD Nikolaev, MI Whistler, "Generator of O 2(1 ) High pressure ". Technical Physics Letters, vol 15, no. 18, p. 64, 1989.

3. MV Zagidullin, A.Yu. Kurov, NL Kupryanov, VD Nikolaev, MI Svistun, and NV Erasov, "Highly efficient jet O 2(1 ) Generator ", Sov. J. Quantum Electronics, vol. 21, N 7, pp. 747-753 (1991).

4. WE McDermott, JC Stephens, J. Vetrovec, and RA Dickerson, "Operating experience with high throughput jet generator", SPIE Proc., Vol. 2987 (1997).

5. Patent RF N 2091939 "Method of producing singlet oxygen and device for its realization", BA Vyskubenko, VF Gerasimenko, IM Krukovskiy, publ. 09.27.97, Bul. N 27.

6. F. Wani, M. Endo, BA Vyskubenko, SP Ilyin, IM Krukovsky, S. Takeda, and T. Fujioka, "Parametric Study of a Twisted Aerosol - Type Singlet Oxygen Generator", IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics, v. 34, N 11, p. 2130 (1998).

CLAIM

A device for producing singlet oxygen, comprising a housing of a chemical reactor, a source of chlorine gas injection device coupled to a source of hydrogen peroxide, mixed with alkali, installed in the reactor pressure vessel and formed as a hollow rotor with apertures in the wall, a collector for collecting and draining the spent mixture and output device of singlet oxygen, characterized in that it is provided with means for moving fluid, made in the form of a multiple-thread screw on the outer surface of the rotor, and a fluid pump installed in the reactor vessel to the rotor shaft so as to accommodate its impeller between either of the rotor end faces and a device for collecting and draining waste liquid.

print version
Publication date 28.02.2007gg