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INVENTION
Russian Federation Patent RU2244817
METHOD OF USE OF THE SUBSTANCE OF THE EARTH MANTLE FOR HYDROGEN
Name of the inventor: Larin VN
The name of the patentee: Larin Vladimir (RU); Larin Nikolay Vladimirovich
Address for correspondence: 107031, Moscow, ul. Petrovka, 23/10, page 4, ofis15, MH Kolyaskinu
Starting date of the patent: 2003.10.15
Use: obtaining cheap and economical sources of energy, in particular fuels for internal combustion engines. The method includes: searching the continental or oceanic zones of rifting, backed by anomalous mantle diapirs with the release of the substance languages mantle into the crust, drilling wells using turbodrills in mantle material. After entering the well in the mantle substance in it by sboyka stored pressure and dispensing wells, or stored pressure by expanding and / or dispensing wells form the reaction chamber. Supplying water to the well and output the stored pressure to the surface through a dispensing hole hydrogen gas produced by the reaction of intermetallic compounds contained in the material of the mantle, with water. Water was supplied in an amount which regulates the yield of hydrogen, and the reaction surface of the reaction chamber periodically regenerated, for example high-pressure water flow supplied via nozzles arranged in the reaction chamber, for remotely controlled manipulators. Expansion may well be achieved by explosion of explosives. A separation hole formed in the dispensing of gaseous hydrogen and water vapor separator installed therein. Technical result: reduced energy costs for the production of hydrogen.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to the field of mining and can be used in the preparation of cheap and efficient sources of energy, particularly hydrogen used as an energy source for energy and transport.
There is a method of hydrogen production, which consists in the use of the deep water in places vysokotermalnyh underwater volcanic activity for the production of electricity supplied to the electrolysis of water, in which hydrogen is obtained (see. The SU 1624162, IPC Cl. 5 E 21 C 45/00, publ. 30.01 .1991).
The disadvantages of this method include the complexity of its hardware design.
A method of producing hydrogen, comprising feeding to powdery aluminum reactor or aluminum hydride and an aqueous medium and then carrying out their interaction, thus before feeding to powdery aluminum reactor or aluminum hydride are coated with a water-soluble polymer film based on polyethylene oxide solution in dioxane or methanol, at the same time to allow the flow of stratified combustion process with metal compounds of hydrogen release process is carried out at a pressure of 22.12 MPa and a temperature - above 647.3 K (see RU №2165388, IPC C 01 Cl in 3/06.).
The disadvantages of this method are significant energy costs for its implementation, due to the high cost of energy to aluminum and additional costs for energy production of polymers, high temperature and pressure maintenance.
Known and the method for production of ecologically clean chemical fuels, in which the reaction of cold fusion in a nuclear reactor. The starting reagent is radioactive waste and nuclear reactors for the production of deuterium neutrons. Fusion is carried out by radiative capture of slow neutrons reagent allocated nuclear energy is converted into electrical energy, which is used for water electrolysis to produce hydrogen and oxygen (see. RU №2180366, IPC Cl. B 25 C 04/01, publ. 03.10.2002 ).
The disadvantage of this method is a high risk of radioactive contamination of the terrain, which will be located production.
The closest the technical essence and achieved result is a way of using the material of the Earth's mantle to produce hydrogen, including the search for continental or oceanic zones of rifting, backed diapirs anomalous mantle with the release of the substance languages mantle into the crust, drilling in the mantle, the flow of water into the well and output to the well surface through the hydrogen gas produced by the reaction of intermetallic compounds (silicides), and alloys based on Si, Mg, Fe (silicon, magnesium and iron) contained in the material of the mantle, with water (see. Chemistry and life №10, 2000 str.46-51).
The disadvantage of this method is relatively low productivity and as a result, high energy costs comparable to energy consumption required for producing hydrogen by conventional methods, for example by electrolysis of water.
The problem to be solved by this invention is to improve the economic efficiency of hydrogen energy.
The technical result that can be obtained by the invention is to reduce the specific energy consumption for the production of hydrogen.
This technical result is achieved by the fact that in the known method of using the material of the Earth's mantle to produce hydrogen, including prospecting continental or oceanic zones of rifting, backed diapirs anomalous mantle with the release of the substance languages mantle into the crust, drilling in the mantle, the flow of water into the well and output on the surface of hydrogen gas, formed by reaction of intermetallic compounds contained in the material of the mantle, with water, according to the invention upon entering the borehole in the mantle material therein forming the reaction chamber, the hydrogen yield is controlled by varying the volume located in the reaction chamber water, and the surface a reaction chamber, which participates in the reaction is periodically regenerated.
This combination of features provides the technical result in all cases covered by the scope of the requested. In particular, the formation of the reaction chamber provides a large surface contact of water with the substance of the mantle and thus increase the hydrogen yield. Periodic regeneration of the surface involved in the reaction, keeps the surface of the reaction condition, and even increase it. Thus, at constant energy costs for drilling wells, water supply, etc. hydrogen yield increases, resulting in lower specific energy for its production costs.
In particular cases (in specific forms of implementation or under special conditions of use) the invention is characterized by the following features:
Drilling is carried out using turbodrills.
Buryat additional wells and the reaction chamber is formed by sboyka basic and additional wells.
The reaction cavity is formed by expanding the basic and / or additional wells.
Expansion is accomplished by the well explosion of explosives.
Regeneration of the surface reaction is carried out by high-pressure stream of water.
High-pressure water stream is fed through nozzles placed in the reaction chamber, to remotely controlled manipulators.
The exit hole or set separator produced hydrogen gas and water vapor.
The thermal energy released during the production of works on hydrogen production is utilized.
The way to use the Earth's mantle material to obtain hydrogen is carried out as follows.
Modern methods of prospecting and exploration, such as aerospace, search the continental or oceanic rift zones. Of found isolated areas of rifting zone, backed by abnormal mantle diapirs. The most promising in terms of staging works on obtaining hydrogen are rifting zone, backed by anomalous mantle diapirs in which languages come mantle into the crust to a depth of 3-5 km (10 km). With the improvement of methods of deep and ultra-deep drilling, this depth can be increased.
Having established long-term zone, prepare the site for placement of the drilling equipment. If recognized as a promising area of oceanic rift, then make the installation of sea or ocean drilling platform. After completing preparatory works produce drilling at least one hole in the mantle based on rotary drilling technology, for example using a rotary drill or turbodrills.
The descent-ascent drill string is carried out with extra-long "candles" at the maximum mechanization and automation of the process. Removal of the cuttings the drilling fluid circulation is carried out. As the drilling mud at the beginning of well construction using water-based solutions. As the temperature increases in the well from 240 to 300 ° C nefteemulsionnye pass to and over 300 apply oil-based solutions. Depending on the geological and technical conditions of use drill head as the rolling cutter and abrasive type.
As uglubki preserve the stability of rocks on the walls of the borehole in the conditions of rock and reservoir pressure maintenance achieve the required counter-pressure column of drilling mud and quality, while meeting low pressure reservoirs cased wellbore casing string, which is cemented.
The most preferred option should be considered, in which several drilled wells - main and additional, one of which can be used for water supply, ie as the stored pressure and the remaining - as dispensing, which is given to the surface of the hydrogen produced in the reaction. After entry into wells trunks mantle substance released from the mud and form a reaction chamber in which the actual reaction will occur, and intermetallic compounds contained in the material of the mantle, with water and hydrogen evolution. The use of salt (e.g. sea water) enhances the reaction kinetics.
The reaction chamber may be formed by sboyka stored pressure and dispensing wells stored pressure or by extending and / or dispensing wells. extension well can be achieved by explosion of explosives, lowered downhole on in turn.
Makes installation of wellhead equipment for sealing the mouths of the stored pressure and dispensing wells, distribution and regulation of the flow of injected water in them and produced hydrogen, respectively. As set wellhead tubing head, casing heads, valves and control valves.
Then the water supply is performed in a well equipped stored pressure and bringing to the surface via formed by the reaction of water with intermetallic compounds well equipped dispensing gaseous hydrogen. For the direction of hydrogen generated in the dispensing well stored pressure wellbore is sealed at the mouth, and to pair it with the reaction cavity, providing only pass water. In this case formed by the reaction of the hydrogen will escape through the open hole from the surface of the dispensing.
Possible and the dispensing equipment and the well vacuum installation, create a vacuum in dispensing the wellbore. In this case formed by the reaction of hydrogen will go dispensing hole created by the action of vacuum.
Amount of hydrogen (hydrogen outlet) is adjusted by changing the volume of water fed into the well and, accordingly, changes in the volume of water located in the reaction chamber. Such adjustment may be accomplished, for example, a decrease in the flow cross section at the mouth of the valves and the dispensing hole decreasing return water flow at constant stored pressure feeding through the borehole. As a result, the amount of water is reacted with intermetallic compounds, in the reaction chamber increases and, consequently, increased hydrogen yield.
On the need to increase or decrease the amount of water present in the reaction chamber is judged by the amount of hydrogen.
As the oxidation of intermetallic compounds on the surface of the reaction chamber, the surface participating in the reaction, is periodically regenerated. Regeneration of the said surface is carried out, for example, high-pressure stream of water. High-pressure water stream is fed through nozzles placed in the reaction chamber, to remotely controlled manipulators. Oxidation products feedwater stream removed from the reaction chamber and brought to the surface, where they produce their disposal.
separator may be installed for separating generated water and hydrogen gas in the vapor issued borehole.
The thermal energy released during the works for hydrogen production is utilized by any known means, such as used for electricity generation or for heating of industrial and civil buildings.
CLAIM
1. A method of use of the substance of the mantle to produce hydrogen, including the search for continental or oceanic zones of rifting, backed by anomalous mantle diapirs with the release of the substance languages mantle into the crust, drilling into the substance of the mantle, the flow of water into the well and bringing to the surface through the well of hydrogen gas formed by the reaction of intermetallic compounds contained in the material of the mantle, with water, characterized in that, after entry hole in the mantle material therein forming the reaction chamber, the hydrogen yield is controlled by varying the volume located in the reaction chamber water, and the surface of the reaction chamber, participating in the reaction, is periodically regenerated.
2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the drilling is performed by turbodrills.
3. The method of claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the further drilled well and the reaction sboyka cavity formed by the main and additional wells.
4. A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the reaction chamber is formed by expansion of the main and / or additional wells.
5. The method of claim 1 or 4, characterized in that the expansion hole is carried out by explosion of explosives.
6. A method according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that the regeneration of the surface involved in the reaction is carried out by high-pressure stream of water.
7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that the high-pressure water stream is supplied through nozzles arranged in the reaction chamber, for remotely controlled manipulators.
8. A method according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that the set downhole separator produced hydrogen gas and water vapor.
9. A method according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that the thermal energy released in the operations for hydrogen production is utilized.
print version
Publication date 01.03.2007gg
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