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INVENTION
Russian Federation Patent RU2258028

METHOD FOR PRODUCING HYDROGEN AND DEVICE FOR ITS IMPLEMENTATION

METHOD FOR PRODUCING HYDROGEN AND DEVICE FOR ITS IMPLEMENTATION

Name of the inventor: Koldamasov AI (RU); Kravets SB (RU); Kornilov AA
The name of the patentee: State Unitary subsidiary Volgodonsk Center of All-Russian Research and Design Institute of Nuclear Power Engineering (CC VNIIAM)
Address for correspondence: 347371, Rostov region, Volgodonsk-13, B-district of the Victory, 13, EC VNIIAM.
Starting date of the patent: 2004.01.28

The invention relates to the field of nuclear energy. The method comprises passing the mixture flow "Light Water" and "heavy water" under pressure through one or more openings of the dielectric element, the impact on the path of the mixture by a magnetic field, its division into three streams. Thus the two streams having different sign of the electric and chemical properties of the ions, electrically isolated, accelerate and guide their passage in the collimators. A mixture of "light water" and "heavy water" with a resistivity of about 10 9 Ohm · m, take in the ratio required for the control of nuclear reactions. The device includes a dielectrically resistant to the cavitation emission housing for receiving the mixture. The body cavity is installed insert made of a dielectric material prone to cavitation emission, provided with one or more openings for the passage of the mixture. On the path of the mixture set magnets. The housing formed of electrically isolated from one another for making connections ionized streams. Along the way, ionized flows are control electrodes, and contactors, and at the end of the path of ionized flows set collimators with contactors. The present invention produces a mixture of hydrogen, "Light Water" and "heavy water" in amounts sufficient for practical use.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The inventive method and apparatus relate to the field of nuclear power, and can be used to produce hydrogen by dissociation of liquids such as water, to flow.

It is known that when water passes through the nuclear reaction products mainly have an electric charge, water molecules and the atoms are ionized. As a result of this interaction, dissociation of molecules. Many have tried to use this process to produce hydrogen. These studies were conducted at the Institute of Chemical Physics, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, which was the result of a scientific discovery №366, stated July 21, 1983 and was registered on 22 June 1989, the authors and VL Tal'roze E.P.Frankevicha. Opening, in particular, it was found that dissociation of the molecules are usually damped vibrational relaxation in ion-molecule collisions and other processes. Because of this phenomena, hydrogen is released in very small quantities.

It is also known that the dissociation of water occurs at the expense of energy that occurs in the synthesis of nuclei (RF patent №2152083, opub. Of 27.06.2000). The apparatus of said patent operates in a mixture consisting of "Light Water" and "heavy water" in the form of flowing dielectric medium and comprises a dielectrically resistant to cavitation emission housing within which is installed insert with holes, made of a dielectric material prone to cavitation emission . The dielectric medium outflowing "light water", with an electrical resistivity of about 10 9 Ohm · m introduced chemically pure "heavy water" with the same dielectric characteristics in the ratio required for the reaction control. In the insertion holes formed by the electric charge of the high density, the potential of which is able to ionize atoms of hydrogen isotopes and report the nuclei of these atoms pulse of energy to overcome the Coulomb barrier and ensure nuclear interaction. However, the hydrogen flow is run on a small area is connected to the oxygen, there is a vibrational relaxation, so the hydrogen yield is small.

The closest to the proposed device is a device for the application 2002106224/06 12.03.2002, at a positive decision from 01.09.2003, publ. 09.10.2003 of running on a mixture of "Light Water" and "heavy water" in the form of flowing dielectric medium containing dielectrically resistant to cavitation emission enclosure, which is installed in the cavity insert made of a dielectric material prone to cavitation issue, and provided with one or more openings to expiry through them ionized dielectric medium, "light water" with a resistivity of about 10 9 Ohm · m in a mixture of chemically pure "heavy water" with the same dielectric properties in the ratio required for control nuclear reaction, and on the outer part of the housing mounted magnets. In the insertion holes formed by the electric charge of the high density, the potential of which is able to ionize atoms of hydrogen isotopes and report the nuclei of these atoms pulse of energy to overcome the Coulomb barrier and ensure nuclear interaction. However, the yield of hydrogen small due to the fact that the hydrogen component of the flow path on a small part is connected to the oxygen component, there is a vibrational relaxation.

The proposed invention solves the problem of producing hydrogen from ionized mixture flow "Light Water" and "heavy water" in amounts sufficient for practical use.

To achieve said technical result in the claimed process for producing hydrogen by fluid dissociation, for example, mixtures of "light water" and "heavy water" mixture "of light water" and "heavy water" under pressure passes through one or more holes formed in the dielectric element , act on the mixture along the path of passage of a magnetic field, separated it, at least three streams, two of which carry different the electric sign and chemical properties of the ions electrically isolate the two flow speed of passage and sent to the collimators to bring them to a stable state.

Distinguishing features of the proposed method lies in the fact that a mixture of "Light Water" and "heavy water" is separated by at least three streams, two of which carry different the electric sign and chemical properties of the ions electrically insulate these two streams, speed up their passage and sent to the collimators to bring them into a stable state.

To achieve the said technical result is provided a device that runs on a mixture of "light water" and "heavy water", which includes dielectrically resistant to the cavitation emission housing for receiving the mixture in the cavity which is installed insert made of a dielectric material, prone to cavitation emission and equipped one or more openings for the passage of a mixture of "light water" with a resistivity of about 10 9 Ohm · m and chemically pure "heavy water" with the same dielectric properties in the ratio required for the control of nuclear reactions and the magnets mounted on the housing for paths mixture. Unlike known in the housing of the device are formed electrically insulated from one another for making connections ionized streams. Thus the path of the ionized streams are control electrodes are designed to accelerate the flow and contactors serving for earthing flow. At the end of the path of ionized flows set collimators with contactors.

The described circuit allows the device to receive the hydrogen stream from the ionized mixture "Light Water" and "heavy water" in amounts sufficient for practical use. Achieving this result ensured the creation of conditions for the passage of the mixture flows "light water" and "heavy water" inherent in the proposed method.

Comparative analysis of the declared technical solutions revealed features that prove compliance with the criterion of the inventive combination of features of the invention "novelty".

Searching analogues and the prototype were not found technical solutions similar to the features of claimed solutions, which proves the correspondence of the claimed invention sets attributes criterion "Inventive Level".

The proposed inventions are illustrated in the drawing, which shows a schematic diagram of the general form of apparatus for producing hydrogen.

METHOD FOR PRODUCING HYDROGEN AND DEVICE FOR ITS IMPLEMENTATION

The proposed method is implemented as follows. Before you begin, prepare a mixture of "light water" and "heavy water" in the ratio required for the reaction control. Then washed with the installation of at least 3 times a chemically pure "light water". After washing, replace the filters in the filter elements, then all systems: water treatment, measuring, reset, and other auxiliary systems washed, bringing the installation to operation mode by setting the pressure of 5-7 MPa and a frequency of about 1 kHz pulsing flow. Further, the working fluid filled system - mixture of "Light Water" and "heavy water", it is isolated from the ambient air, the system is filled with an inert gas such as nitrogen, the mixture was adjusted to a specific electrical resistance 10 9 Ohm · m, which is an indicator of the purity of water. The procedure can be changed, for example, to prepare a mixture before pouring it into the system. It is important that during operation it had electrical resistivity of at least 10 ohm · m. By varying the flow rate pulsations, bringing it to the resonant frequency, for example, 1 kHz to excite cavitation emission by insertion openings input starts as a result of nuclear fusion reactions and dissociates stream.

Ionized flux entering the magnetic field, is divided into parts nozzles and moves in accordance with the sign of the electric charge. The resulting hydrogen-containing stream is obtained, and the flow of neutral oxygen-containing stream. Since the streams are separated, relaxation is excluded. Next to the intensification of the process of hydrogen-containing and oxygen-containing stream is passed through the control electrodes, and the hydrogen-containing stream is fed to a negative potential, while the oxygen-containing stream is fed to a positive potential. Streams that have passed through the control electrodes, grounded contactors. Then the flow is directed to collimators, where lead ions in a stable state, as explained following well-known formula: (H + + e -) ---> H, where H + - hydrogen ion, e - - electron, H - stable isotope of hydrogen. Next, pure hydrogen is delivered to the consumer.

The inventive device for producing hydrogen comprises a housing 1 made of a dielectric material resistant to cavitation emission and thermal effects, such as ceramics or sapphire been inserted into the insert 2, made of a dielectric material, such as asbestos or fluoroplastic prone to cavitation emission and executed therein one or more orifices 3 are cylindrical channels 25-30 mm length and 1-2 mm in diameter. 1 mounted on the housing, at least two magnets 4, which may be permanent or inductive. For the magnets 4 are formed for making flow tubes 5, 6 and 7, the nozzles 5 and 6 are electrically insulated from each other. Thus nozzles 5 and 6 are flow ionized positive and negative potential respectively, and the pipe 7 carries the neutral thread. For pipe 5 of the body 1 is set the control electrode 8, and 6 for casing pipe 1 - the control electrode 9. To bring the ionized streams are set in a stable state collimators 10 and 11. On the way of flow control electrodes 8 and 9 are mounted contactors 12 and 13, respectively providing ground ionized flows. Collimators 10 and 11 are grounded via the contactors 14.

The device operates as follows. In the housing 1 on the insert 2 supplied flow dielectric fluid - a mixture of "light water" and "heavy water". When after the mixture through hole 3 with the flow pulsation frequency approximately equal to the natural frequency of the pulsation holes 3 having strong resonant vibrations mixture flow. Cavitation occurs inlet opening 3 and its accompanying cavitation emission. The material from which the insert 2 is made in an area of ​​intense cavitation emits electrons that are carried by the flow, and on the edge of the inlet openings 3 is formed a high density of positive charge, the potential relative to ground which can reach one million volts. At the expiry of the dielectric fluid in the zone of influence of this charge the atoms of hydrogen isotopes lose electrons from their orbits. Isotopes of hydrogen nuclei are positively charged and in the interaction with the positive charge, located on the front edge of the opening 3 are repelled in the center hole 3, where the concentration increases, ie plasma density, and the retention time of the nuclei is very large compared to the time of nuclear reactions. The momentum gained by the positive charge of the nucleus disposed on the inlet edge of the insert 2 may exceed 10 keV. Thus, the conditions for the occurrence of nuclear fusion reactions. The nuclei overcome the Coulomb barrier and interact. The number of interactions governed by the ratio of "light water" and "heavy water". Ionized thus flows through the magnetic field produced by magnets 4, thereby having the Lorentz force, under the action of which is a division of charged particle flux, in which streams of negative ions are directed into conduit 5, with positive ions - a pipe 6 and pipe 7 takes a neutral flow. Since the flow of electrically isolated, relaxation of them is excluded. Streams are different in sign of the electric and chemical properties ions. Negative ions coming from the nozzle 5 to the control electrode 8, and is intensified where the flow enters the collimator 10, wherein ions having received its charge becomes free, thereby producing hydrogen. Positive ions coming from the nozzle 6 to the control electrode 9, and where the flow is intensified and enters the collimator 11 where ions compensating its charge and become free, resulting in oxygen. In the course of expiration to collimators 10 and 11 flows in contact with the contactors 12 and 13, respectively; in contact with the ground is already on the way to the collimators 10 and 11 partially restore their balance.

The device has been manufactured and tested. At the moment, the total operating time of the device reached 59 hours.

Thus, the proposed method and device make it possible to obtain not only hydrogen but also oxygen. But getting oxygen is not a commercial interest.

Inexpensive components providing operation of the device but also its reliability, and minimal impact on the environment create great benefit in obtaining hydrogen. Furthermore, stocks of hydrogen isotopes, which are needed to produce hydrogen, practically limitless in nature.

CLAIM

1. A method for producing hydrogen by dissociation in the liquid stream, for example, a mixture of "Light Water" and "heavy water" comprising passing it under pressure through one or more holes formed in the dielectric member, the impact on the path of the mixture by a magnetic field, characterized the mixture "light water" and "heavy water" is separated by at least three streams, two of which carry different the electric sign and chemical properties of the ions electrically isolate the two flow speed of passage and directed into collimators to bring them into a stable state.

2. The apparatus for producing hydrogen that runs on a mixture of "light water" and "heavy water" includes dielectrically resistant to the cavitation emission housing for receiving the "light water" mixture and a "heavy water," which is set in the cavity insert is made of a dielectric material prone to cavitation emission, and equipped with one or more openings for the passage of a mixture of "light water" with a resistivity of about 10 9 Ohm · m and chemically pure "heavy water" with the same dielectric properties in the ratio required for the control of nuclear reaction, magnets installed on the path of the mixture of "light water" and "hard waters", characterized in that the housing formed electrically isolated from each other by pipes for taking ionised flows, and the path of the ionized streams are the control electrodes and contactor, and finally, the ionized flows set collimators with contactors.

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Publication date 01.03.2007gg