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INVENTION
Patent of the Russian Federation RU2113416
DEVICE FOR ANAEROBIC GREENING OF ORGANIC WASTE WITH RECEIVING BIOGAS (BIOETHALET WITHOUT SANITATION)
The name of the inventor: Pantskhava ES; Dyachenko A.N .; Djibladze TG; Zlotin M.S .; Akimov E.F.
Name of the patent owner: Closed Joint-Stock Company "Economy of Environment Resources" CJSC Center "EcoRos"
Address for correspondence:
Date of commencement of the patent: 1993.04.23
Use: anaerobic digestion of organic waste and can be used as a biotoilet without sewerage for detached houses (dacha, country house, etc.).
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: The device comprises a horizontal body divided by a partition into two successively connected sections. In the first section there are units for separate loading of liquid and solid wastes. In the second section - the unloading unit of the fermented mass, which through the pump is connected to the storage capacity. The solid waste disposal unit is provided with a crusher connected to an electric motor with an agitator shaft having vertical helical blades mounted on a horizontal shaft. The case is equipped with a water jacket with a heater in the form of a heater , a heater and sensors for the minimum and maximum levels of the fermented mass. The liquid waste disposal unit is connected to the source of liquid waste by a pipeline installed with a slope toward the housing side. The body is equipped with a removable side cover with a L-shaped overflow tube. The device allows to create a uniform heating and mixing of the fermented mass.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to devices for anaerobic fermentation of organic waste and can be used, in particular, as a biotoilelet without sewerage for detached houses (dacha, country house, etc.).
It is intended for the production of biogas (methane) and environmentally friendly nitrites and nitrates, fertilizers that are devoid of pathogenic microflora.
A device is known for anaerobic digestion of organic waste with the formation of methane , containing chambers for fermentation of waste, a system for mixing, heating, removing methane, and loading and unloading solid substrates [1].
The disadvantages of the known device are its large dimensions and complexity.
The closest to the proposed technical solution is known: a device for anaerobic digestion of organic waste by the treatment of biogas , containing a horizontal body divided by partitions into successively connected sections, a heater, a mechanical mixer, waste loading and unloading units, a biogas outlet, and a pump [2].
The disadvantage of the known device is the uneven heating and mixing of the fermentation mass.
The object of the invention is to provide uniform heating and mixing of the fermentation material.
This object is achieved in that, in an apparatus for anaerobic digestion of organic waste to produce biogas comprising a horizontal body divided by baffles into successively connected sections, a heater, a mechanical stirrer, waste loading and discharging assemblies, according to the invention, the housing is provided with a water jacket with a heater And the sensors of the minimum and maximum levels of the fermentation mass, the heater is made in the form of a TET and mounted on a water jacket, in the first section there are units for separate loading of liquid and solid waste, in the second - a unit for discharging the fermented mass, the solid waste loading unit is equipped with a crusher Shaft agitator and with an electric motor.
In addition, the mixer is made in the form of vertical helical blades, mounted on a horizontal shaft.
In addition, the liquid waste feed unit is connected to the source of liquid waste by a pipeline installed with a slope towards the housing side.
In addition, the device is equipped with a removable side cover, in which an overflow tube of L-shape is mounted, the bottom of which is below the minimum level, and the top of the tube is at the height of the maximum level of the fermented mass.
In Fig. 1 shows a general view of the proposed device.
In Fig. 2 - longitudinal section of the device.
The device for anaerobic digestion of organic waste contains a horizontal shell 1, around which there is a water jacket 2 for heating it with the help of a heater TEN 3. The water jacket 2 has a heater 4.
The housing 1 is divided into two sections by a vertical partition 5. In the first section, the liquid waste and solid waste loading units 6 and 7 are installed. The liquid waste disposal unit 6 is connected by a conduit 8 to a source of liquid waste, for example, a toilet bowl 9 and a drain cistern 10. The conduit 8 is sloped to the side of the casing 1. The solid waste loading unit 7 is provided with a crusher 11 connected to the electric motor 12 and to the agitator shaft 13 , Having vertical helical blades 14. The body 1 is provided with a detachable side cover 15 for repairing and servicing the device. A l-shaped overflow tube 16 is mounted in the cover 15.
The discharged mass unloading unit 17 is located at the bottom of the housing 1 and is connected through a pump 18 to a storage tank 19 for storing fertilizers. The minimum and maximum levels of the fermented mass sensors 20 and 21 are connected to the pump 18. A biogas (methane) outlet 22 is located in the upper part of the housing 1.
The whole device is located in the well 23.
DEVICE WORKS AS FOLLOWING
The loading of the body 1 is carried out through the liquid and solid waste loading units 6 and 7. The source of liquid waste can be, for example, wastewater from a toilet bowl 9 with a canister 10 installed in a warm room, which gravitates through the conduit 8 to the first section of the body 1 through the liquid waste loading unit 6. Food waste, paper, grass, etc. Are loaded manually and into the first section of the housing 1 through the solid waste loading unit.
For grinding the waste, a crusher 11 connected to the electric motor 12 and to the agitator shaft 13 is installed in the solid waste loading unit 7. The crusher 11 is turned on manually (from the button) during the waste loading. The crusher 11 is turned off as the waste is crushed.
The electric drive of the crusher 11 is combined with the drive of the stirrer 13, so that the substrate is mixed in the casing 1 as the crusher 11 is turned on.
The screw-like blades 14 of the agitator 13 are designed in such a way that, with stirring, the crust is broken on the surface of the fermented mass and its overflow through the partition from the first section to the second is ensured.
The fermentation mass is heated up to 52-55 ° C with the help of a water jacket 2 and a thermal heater 3. The temperature is regulated by means of a thermostat (not shown in the drawing). When the reaction temperature is reached, the process of methane generation begins. The resulting biogas is withdrawn from the reactor body 1 through the outlet 22. The discharged mass is withdrawn from the housing 1 through the discharge unit 17 by the pump 18 and supplied to the fertilizer storage container 19. [ The pump 18 is switched on and off automatically from the sensors 20 and 21 of the minimum and maximum levels of the fermented mass in the housing 1. The L-shaped tube 16 mounted in the removable cover 15 functions as an overflow pipe in the event of failure of the pumping-out pump 18.
Thus, the proposed device for anaerobic fermentation of organic waste provides uniform heating and mixing of the fermented mass, which allows obtaining environmentally friendly biogas and fertilizers, since in methane generation in thermophilic mode, pathogenic microflora, helminth eggs, Seeds of weeds, unpleasant odors are destroyed.
CLAIM
Device for anaerobic digestion of organic waste to produce biogas (biotoiler without sewerage), containing a horizontal body divided by partitions into successively connected sections, a heater, a mechanical stirrer, waste loading and unloading units, a biogas pump, characterized in that the housing is provided with a water Jacket with a heater and sensors for the minimum and maximum levels of the fermentation mass, the heater is made in the form of a heating element and mounted on a water jacket, in the first section there are units for separate loading of liquid and solid waste, in the second - a unit for discharging the fermented mass, the solid waste feed unit is equipped with a crusher , Which is connected with the agitator shaft and with the electric motor.
The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the mixer is made in the form of vertical screw-like blades mounted on a horizontal shaft.
Apparatus according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the liquid waste loading unit is connected to a source of liquid waste by a pipeline installed with a slope toward the housing side.
The device according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it is provided with a removable side cover in which an overflow tube is L-shaped , the bottom of which is below the minimum level, and the top of the tube is at the height of the maximum level of fermentation mass.
print version
Date of publication 27.11.2006gg
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