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DEVICES AND METHODS OF EXTRACTING AND ACCUMULATION OF HYDROGEN AND OXYGEN
INVENTION
Patent of the Russian Federation RU2222501

METHOD FOR PROCESSING OF BIOGASIS IN STORAGE AND DEVICE FOR ITS IMPLEMENTATION

The name of the inventor: Andryukhin Timofey Yakovlevich
The name of the patent holder: Andryukhin Timofey Yakovlevich
Address for correspondence: 125445, Moscow, Leningradskoe sh., 112 / 1-4, ap. 930, T.Ya. Andryukhin
The effective date of the patent: 2002.08.19

The invention relates to the field of sewerage and is mainly intended for use in agriculture in livestock and poultry farms, factories and farms, where from the manure, manure and waste of plant cultivation produce combustible biogas and high-quality disinfected from pathogenic microflora, helminths, their eggs and weed organic seeds Fertilizer. Wet gazholder variable capacity allows you to use as a water gate flowing fermented and heated in the mass of the mass, with the refusal to use for this purpose running water and its heating in winter to prevent freezing. Purified by passing small jet streams through the flowing gas tank in the tank, the digested biogas mass saturates it mainly with carbon dioxide contained in the biogas, providing an increase in the fertilizer quality of manure, manure and plant waste, anaerobically fermented in the manure tank. The discharge of the biogas supply line for cleaning with a perforated pipe immersed in a liquid with a removable and height-adjustable perforated ring installation through the hatch in the gas holder bell allows access for repair and maintenance with the removal of the perforated ring without removing the gas holder bell and draining the liquid from it Reservoir.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to the field of sewerage and is mainly intended for use in agriculture on livestock and poultry farms, factories and farms, where from the manure, manure and waste of plant cultivation produce combustible biogas and high-quality disinfected from pathogenic microflora, helminths, their eggs and weeds organic Fertilizer.

A method for partial treatment of biogas by condensing water vapor from it during storage and a device for its implementation, which is realized in a typical wet variable-capacity gas tank with a water-filled reservoir serving as a water seal, is known. To prevent freezing of water in the tank gasholder in winter and maintain the water temperature at least +5 o C it is heated using steam-jet elevators at a flow rate per hour 70-120 kcal per cubic meter of water / Typical designs of wet gas holders of various capacities 707-2- 18-24с-86, developed by GIAP, approved and put into operation Fertilizers, protocol 25-111 of September 10, 1985 /.

A disadvantage of the known method of partial treatment of biogas during its storage in a typical wet variable-capacity gas tank is that the treatment of the wet and hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide-containing biogas coming from the methane tank is limited mainly by the condensation of moisture mainly in winter, while the heating of the water in the reservoir in winter is necessary To spend a considerable amount of thermal energy.

Known and another method of processing biogas during storage and the device for its implementation / UK Patent Application 2190682, by Cl. C 02 F 11/04 . The essence of this known method consists in the fact that anaerobically fermented in methane from organic waste containing hydrogen sulphide and carbon dioxide of biogas is irrigated under the bell with a fine-blasted and intense shower by the water of the reservoir, gasholder, while the biogas containing hydrogen sulphide and carbon dioxide dispersed by small jets Are introduced into continuously replaceable and running water, used as a shut-off liquid of a tank of a wet gas holder with variable capacity of biogas stored under a bell, and biogas purified from hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide in a continuously flowing gas tank in water is removed from the gasholder bell.

The device for carrying out the above-mentioned known biogas processing method during storage is a variable capacity wet gas holder with a filled reservoir continuously flowing through the pipes with water as a shutter of the raised bilge of the stored biogas, while the supply of biogas from the methane tank to be purified in flowing water from hydrogen sulphide and carbon dioxide is made In the form of submerged sections of perforated pipes at a given backpressure depth of the biogas introduced. Another embodiment of the device provides that the biogas from the methane tank is introduced into the bell space through a separate pipe with a continuous flow, and then irrigated in the space below the bell installed there by a sprinkler above the surface of the reservoir water, pumping this water repeatedly into the sprinkler. For the removal of biogas purified from hydrogen sulphide and carbon dioxide from the gas space, a gas pipe is installed under the gas-holder bell, the intake part of which is installed above the water level in the reservoir.

A drawback of the known method for treating biogas under British Patent Application No. 2190682 is the significant flow rate of continuously flowing water in the tank due to its saturation with hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide, as well as the need to heat water in winter to prevent freezing.

A disadvantage of the known device for carrying out the above method is that any preventive inspection of the state of the nozzles with perforations and sprinklers is completely excluded, the possibility of adjusting the depth of installation of the perforated nozzles without removing the gasholder bell and without draining the reservoir is excluded.

At the same time, in terms of its technical essence and the result achieved, the method for processing biogas during storage and the device for its implementation, known from UK patent application 2190682, are closest to the invention.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for treating biogas during storage and an apparatus for carrying it out that would eliminate the above drawbacks of the method and apparatus for implementing it under British Patent Application No. 2,190,682 , but would also provide a reduction in energy consumption for biogas cleaning, For repair and maintenance of wet gasholder bell-fed biogas of perforated and small-bubble pipes without removal of the gasholder's bell and without draining the liquid from its reservoir.

It is also an object of the present invention to increase the fertilizing quality of anaerobically fermented manure, manure and vegetable wastes used in the present invention as a flowing liquid of a wet gas holder for purifying biogas, mainly from carbon dioxide absorbed by the mass lost in the methane tank.

According to the invention, the task set in the process is achieved in that a discharged mass is discharged from a methane tank, which is discharged from a methane tank and is discharged continuously from the methane tank into the tank of the wet gas holder continuously or periodically, and not only continuously flowing according to the prototype . The periodicity of the introduction into the reservoir of a wet gasholder of a heated mass, dumped in a methane tank, is determined in accordance with the periodicity of unloading the fermented mass from the methane tank.

The present invention achieves the object of the invention and provides an apparatus for carrying out a method in which a biogas supply pipe for cleaning with a perforated liquid immersed in a liquid instead of permanently attached to a prototype is made with a detachable-composite, consisting of a discharge tube of the gas tank reservoir A removable, submerged perforated pipe is installed in the form of a ring connected to a head mounted on a biogas supply pipe while a removable hatch with a diameter larger than the diameter of a perforated ring immersed in the liquid is made in the gasholder bell and the installation of a removable head with a perforated ring on the biogas supply pipe From the methane tank to the reservoir of gasholder is made, with the hatch open in the gasholder's bell, with the possibility of adjusting the height of the placement of the perforated ring with respect to the level of the blocking liquid in the tank of the gas holder, for example, in the form of screw coupling of the head with the upper part of the biogas supply pipe to the gas holder from the methane tank.

The drawings show schematically a device for a wet variable-capacity gas holder providing a method for treating biogas during storage, where FIG. 1 shows a general view of a liquid-filled wet gas holder in a section, and FIG. 2 shows a view along BB in FIG. 1. FIG.

METHOD FOR PROCESSING OF BIOGASIS IN STORAGE AND DEVICE FOR ITS IMPLEMENTATION

The proposed device in the form of a wet gas holder of variable capacity (Figs. 1 and 2) contains a reservoir 1 filled with a continuous or periodically flowing fermented and heated mass in a methane tank into which the bell 2 is introduced with a hatch 3 and its lid 4. In the tank 1 there are pipes for feeding the mass 5 in the methane tank and discharging it from the tank 1 after saturation with absorbed gas components 6. To supply biogas for purification from the methane tank, a pipe 7 is installed in the tank 1, and a pipe 8 is used for the removal of purified biogas. Both pipes 7 And 8 at the top of their part are slightly higher than the level of liquid in the tank 1, which excludes the filling of liquids in them, to fully empty the tank 1 from the fermented mass, the tank 1 has a branch pipe 9 with a gate 10. The biogas supply pipe 7 is mounted to be fixed to A different height of the head 11, to which a perforated ring 13 with perforated pipes 14 is connected below the bottom 12, which provides an increase in the perforated surface. The diameter of the perforated ring 13 / Д 1 / is less than the diameter of the hatch 3 / Д /, which ensures that when the cover 11 is removed with the lid 4 open from the biogas supply pipe 7, the perforated ring 13 is lifted while the bell 2 is lowered after removing biogas from the space below it through the branch pipe with a tap 15. To prevent significant heat loss and to prevent the frozen mass from freezing in the tank 1, its outer surface is thermally insulated from the condition that the temperature of the fermented mass in the tank 1 is less than +5 o C / the insulation is not shown in the drawings.

The proposed method for treating biogas during storage is performed in the device, for its implementation (Figures 1 and 2) as follows.

In the tank 1, when the bell 2 with an open hatch 3 is lowered into it, a ring 13 with a head 11 is introduced and the head 11 is fixed on the upper part of the biogas supply pipe 7. Then, from the methane tank, the heated mass and the fermented mass to the full volume Reservoir 1, i.e. Up to the level of the nozzle 6 / in the absence of the proper amount of fermented mass, it can be supplemented or replaced with water /. When the reservoir 1 is fully filled with liquid, the depth of the ring 13 is adjusted relative to the level of the full fluid filling, taking into account that in the working state the liquid level in the sub-circle space will decrease by a value of "B" equal to mm of the biogas water column pressure under bell 2, which in Typical wet gas holders are used up to 400 mm. The working depth of the ring 13 relative to the working level of the liquid mass "A", which is defined in mm and equal to the pressure of the biogas coming out of the methane tank in mm of water column, should be taken into account. The sum of the dimensions "A" and "B" is the desired size of the installation depth of the ring 13 relative to the level of the full filling of the liquid mass into the reservoir 1, which makes it possible to fix the position of the head 11 on the upper part of the biogas supply duct 7 tightly thereafter. After that, the hatch 3 is closed with a lid 4, the faucet 15 is partially opened and the biogas is introduced into the perforated ring 13 through the pipe 7, closing the valve on the outlet pipe of the purified biogas 8. The biogas coming out of the perforated ring 13 will float in the liquid mass in small streams, This from hydrogen sulphide and carbon dioxide, and enter cleaned from them into the dome space, pushing out of it through a branch pipe with a tap 15 air in us. The opening of the crane 15 should be such that its throughput is less than the biogas input from the ring 13, whereas it can be visually observed by lifting the bell 2. After raising the bell 2 to 2/3 of its full height, the crane 15 closes and the valve opens Pipe 8, and outside the gasholder, sampling biogas is made for analysis of its composition and quality of purification in comparison with the composition and quality of the biogas coming from the methane tank to the gasholder for cleaning. At the same time, samples are taken from the analyzer of the heated fermented mass and the same mass flowing from the tank 1 from the nozzle 6.

After carrying out the above basic actuation actions of the device of the wet gas holder according to the invention using anaerobically fermented and heated mass in the methane tank as a shut-off liquid in the tank 1 of the wet gas holder, its subsequent operation must be carried out in compliance with the guidelines for the safe operation of wet gas tanks for combustible Gases.

The components of the positive effect of using the proposed method and device for its implementation are:

- refusal to use constantly running water and the need for its heating in the winter;

- the ability to monitor the operability of the main working units of a wet gas holder, ensure their inspection, cleaning and adjustment without removing the bell and without draining the liquid from the reservoir;

- Increasing the fertilizer quality of anaerobically fermented manure, manure and plant waste in the manuretank by saturating the used fermented in the methane and heated in it mass as the liquid gate of the gas holder and as a gas cleaning liquid - carbon dioxide absorbed in the tank of the gas holder flowing through a tank fermented in the methane tank Mass. Thus, for example, anaerobic fermentation in a methane tank of one ton of chicken manure with a humidity of 70%, with dilution to a pulp with a moisture content of 92%, produces 85.5 nm 3 / 93.1 kg / biogas with a content of 65% CH 4 / 55.5 nm 3 = 99.1 kg / and almost 35% CO 2 / 29.9 nm 3 = 59.2 kg / calories 23286 kJ / nm 3/5562 kcal / nm 3 /. At the same time, 3,535 kg of fermented mass with a temperature of 20 ° C / fermentation in the mesophilic regime at 36 ° C is fed from the methane tank to the gasholder, using heat exchange between the fermented mass and the fresh pulp fed to the methane tank with a temperature of 8-10 ° C. When the obtained biogas passes through the cooled mass cooled in the gas tank, it absorbs 21.4 nm 3 / 42.32 kg / СО 2 from it , reducing the amount of biogas from the methane tank from 85.5 nm 3 to 64.1 nm 3 With an increase in the calorific value from CO 2 of the purified biogas to 31048 kJ / nm 3 / 7415.7 kcal / nm 3 / or by 33.3%, while the weight of the fermented mass increases only by 1.2%. The insignificant content of hydrogen sulfide (0.01-0.03%) produced in the methane-containing biogas is almost completely absorbed by the cleansing biogas by the fermented mass and its composition practically does not change.

The resulted components of the positive effect of using the proposed method and device for its implementation are specified for each specific case of anaerobic digestion of the composition and quantity of organic waste, the dose of their loading into the methane tank, the time and temperature regimes of fermentation, the climatic regime of the area of ​​use, and compliance with the design binding guidelines.

CLAIM

  1. A method for treating biogas during storage, comprising entering, from an anaerobically fermented in a methane tank from organic wastes, dispersed by small jet streams of biogas into a flow-exchange liquid of a reservoir of a variable-capacity wet gas holder with a variable volume of stored biogas space and withdrawing from the gas space a wet gas- In the flow-exchange shut-off liquid from hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide introduced into it from the biogas from the methane tank, characterized in that a discharged mass is discharged from the methane tank, which is discharged from the methane tank, which is discharged from the methane tank, and which is introduced into the reservoir of the wet gas holder continuously Flowing or intermittent.

  2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the periodicity of introducing into the reservoir a wet gas holder of the heated mass dumped in the methane is set in accordance with the periodicity of discharging the fermented mass from the methane tank.

  3. A device for carrying out a method for treating biogas during storage, comprising a variable capacity wet gas holder with a bell lifted in a liquid and a reservoir provided with nozzles for filling it with a flowing liquid used as a shutter with a lifting and lowering bell, biogas supply pipes for cleaning with immersed in liquid Sections of the perforated pipes and the branch pipe of the cleaned biogas outlet from the space below the bell above the liquid level in the tank of the wet gas holder, characterized in that the branch pipe of the biogas supply for cleaning with the perforated liquid immersed in the liquid is made detachably composed of the outlet gas Pipe, on which a removable, submerged perforated pipe is installed on top, in the form of a ring connected to a head mounted on a biogas supply pipe, while a removable hatch with a diameter larger than the diameter of a perforated ring immersed in the liquid is made in the gasholder's bell.

  4. Apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that the removable head with a perforated ring on the biogas feed pipe from the methane tank to the gas holder tank is arranged to adjust the height of the arrangement of the perforated ring with respect to the level of the blocking liquid in the tank of the gas holder, for example in the form of a screw coupling of the head with the upper part Pipes for supply of biogas to the gas tank from the methane tank.

print version
Date of publication 18.12.2006гг