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INVENTION
Patent of the Russian Federation RU2080371
METHANEOUS SHAVING APPARATUS
The name of the inventor: Tumchenok Viktor Ignatievich
The name of the patent owner: Tumchenok Victor Ignatievich
Address for correspondence:
Date of commencement of the patent: 1995.01.30
Utilization: cleaning of agricultural wastewater and utilization of animal and poultry products in the places where they are kept with the production of biomethane and biological fertilizers. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: The methane fermentation apparatus comprises a horizontal body separated by vertical baffles with perforated sections into chambers of acid neutral, alkaline and methane fermentation. Inside the case there is a mixing means in the form of a horizontal drive shaft with blades interacting with the perforated sections of the partitions. The device has a loading device with which the chopper-casing interacts with granular, abrasive, immobilization backfilling and mounted on the drive shaft blades. In one wall of the body is made a perforation to communicate its cavity with an acid fermentation chamber. A precipitation chamber is located at the outlet section of the apparatus. In the upper part of the body of the apparatus there is a gas cavity, in the lower part there is a sedimentary cavity. The device allows you to get biomethane and biological fertilizer, which is a solid constituent of the post-rubble residue.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to the purification of agricultural wastewater and the utilization of animal and poultry livelihood products with the production of biomethane and biological fertilizers and can be used in animal and poultry storage areas for space heating, feed preparation and for commodity purposes.
There is a known device for methane fermentation, containing a vertical body with technological barriers and a branch pipe for supply and removal of media (Yanko VG Yanko Yu. G. Treatment of sewage and sediment in methane tanks, Kiev, 1978, p. 40, figure 81) , in The degree of decomposition of the organic matter of the substrate is not high enough.
The closest to the invention in terms of the technical essence and the result achieved is a methane fermentation apparatus comprising a horizontal body divided by vertical partitions into acid, neutral, alkaline and methane fermentation chambers having a gas cavity in the upper part and a lower cavity and discharge device in the upper part and (Viestur UE Kuznetsov AI Savenkov VV Fermentation system, Riga, 1986, pp. 18-19, figure 2.2) .
In this apparatus there are no conditions for grinding the cellulose-containing components of the substrate and for correcting it for carbon, and the excess content of ammonium nitrogen inside the apparatus reduces the efficiency of fermentation and, accordingly, the efficiency of its work.
The technical result of the invention is an increase in the efficiency of the apparatus and its profitability.
To this end, a methane fermentation apparatus comprising a horizontal body separated by vertical baffles into acid, neutral, alkaline and methane fermentation chambers and having a gas cavity in the upper part and a mixing chamber located in the interior of the housing and a lower discharge chamber and a discharge device is provided with a charging device, Interacting with it, a shredder including a body with granular, abrasive, immobilization backfill and with a perforated wall for communicating it with an acid fermentation chamber and arranged in a housing on the drive shaft of the blade and located at the outlet portion of the housing of the precipitation chamber, and the stirring means is in the form of a drive horizontal Shaft with blades interacting with vertical partitions, while the latter at the interaction with the blades are perforated.
The figure shows a methane fermentation apparatus, a longitudinal section.
The apparatus comprises a horizontal body 1 separated by vertical baffles 2 into chambers 3 6 of acidic, neutral, alkaline and methane fermentation, respectively, and equipped with a charging device 7, a discharge device 8 and a stirring means constituting a horizontal shaft 9 with drive 10 inside the housing 1 and With blades 11.
In the upper part, the body 1 has a gas cavity 12, and in the lower part - a cavity 13.
In the input part of the casing 1, a chopper is mounted, including a casing 14 of a cylindrical shape and a shaft 15 therein with a drive 16 and blades 17 disposed therein.
The housing 14 also includes a granular abrasive immobilization backfill 18 interacting with the blades 17 and a perforated portion 19 in one of the walls 20 for communicating it with the acid fermentation chamber 3.
In the outlet section of the housing 1, a settling chamber 21 with inclined partitions 22 and a branch pipe 23 for discharging the clarified constituent of the after-fermented residue is positioned through the hydraulic shutter 24 in the upper part of the housing 1 and the solid constituent of the after-fermented residue through the discharge device 8.
The hydraulic shutter 24 has a siphon 25 and a branch 26 of biomethane withdrawal to the consumer, and a housing 1 is an explosive valve 27.
Vertical partitions 2 in the areas of interaction 28 with the blades 11 are perforated.
The loading device 7 has a cover 29.
The proposed apparatus refers to large-capacity devices in which the degree of filling the body with a substrate is from 3/4 to 4/5 volume, but it is also possible to work at lower filling.
As a granular abrasive immobilization backfill 18, it is possible to use expanded clay, expanded perlite, modified zeolite, etc., i.e. materials whose density is less than the substrate density.
THE APPARATUS WORKS AS FOLLOWING
The substrate-loading to be treated (effluents and animal waste products) is fed into the charging device with the lid 29 open.
Upon entering the housing 14, the cellulose-containing components of the charge (straw, sheet litter, sawdust, hay, etc.) are grinded and grinded by an abrasive granular immobilization backfill 18 which interacts with the blades 17, and the release of suspensions from the housing 14 is possible only in that case , If the size of the suspended particles is less than the dimensions of the perforations of the section 19. Similarly, the chambers 3, 4, 5 and 6 move through the perforated sections 28 of the partitions 2, which provides a fine grinding of the solid component in the charge (substrate).
Due to the introduction of cellulose-containing components, the ratio between carbon and nitrogen in the range of 20: 1 is achieved.
The abrasion of the cellulose-containing components of the substrate allows it to be corrected for carbon and to reduce the inhibitory effect of nitrogen.
Thermostating of the fermentation process is carried out at the expense of the room temperature in which the apparatus is installed.
When the shaft 9 rotates with the blades 11, the crust is destroyed on the surface of the substrate and the cake is mixed in the lower part of the housing 1.
In the settling chamber 21, on the inclined partitions 22, gas bubbles are separated from the slurries which, after separation, are deposited and discharged through the discharge device 8. Biomethane from the gas cavity 12 is withdrawn through the hydraulic seal 24 through the nozzle 26 to the consumer.
The clarified component of the post-rubble residue is taken from the chamber 21 through the nozzle 23 through the hydraulic seal 24 and the siphon 25.
The presence of the precipitation chamber 21 minimizes the loss of the cellulose-containing components of the substrate during unloading, and the withdrawal of the liquid component through the hydraulic seal with the siphon eliminates the uncontrolled emptying of the hydraulic seal and controls the degree of filling of the housing 1 with the substrate.
The production of biomethane and biological fertilizer, which is a solid component of the post-rubble residue, is diverted through the device 8, making the work of the apparatus cost-effective.
CLAIM
A methane fermentation apparatus comprising a horizontal body divided by vertical partitions into acid, neutral, alkaline and methane fermentation chambers and having in the upper part a gas cavity and a lower settling cavity and discharge device and a stirring means located inside the housing, characterized in that it is provided with A loading device interacting with it, a grinder comprising a housing with a granular, abrasive, immobilization backfill and a perforated wall for communicating it with an acid fermentation chamber and located in the housing on the drive shaft of the blade and a settling chamber located at the outlet portion of the housing; The form of a drive horizontal shaft with blades interacting with vertical partitions, the latter at the interaction with the blades being perforated.
print version
Date of publication on December 21, 2006
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