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INVENTION
Russian Federation Patent RU2092458

INSTALLATION PROCESSING fecal waste water into biogas

Name of the inventor: Viktor Tumchenok Ignatievich
The name of the patentee: Tumchenok Victor Ignatievich
Address for correspondence:
Starting date of the patent: 1992.12.08

Usage: anaerobic wastewater treatment with biogas. The inventive system for recycling the faecal waste water into biogas contains sand trap, housing divided by a partition into an acid and methane fermentation chamber placed underneath collections mash, micro-filters, floors, placed in the upper part of the chamber to form a gas containers, container for commercial biogas regression chamber and methanation acid fermentation, made in a mine, separated by horizontal partitions in sections filled with granular media, having pulsators, gas nozzles and output beam bubblers communicated with these nozzles.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to anaerobic waste water purification with biogas and can be used for topical cleaning of fecal wastewater of residential buildings and residential community.

Known installation for the two-phase anaerobic decomposition of carbon-containing material, which contains an acid and methane fermentation chamber of US Patent 4696746, cl. SO2F 11/04 1987

The disadvantage of this setup is a low concentration of methane in the biogas.

The closest analogue to the invention is a plant for processing faecal waste water into biogas containing sand trap, the case with the technological pipes, divided by a partition into chambers acidic and methane fermentation with placed beneath them and mash miktrofiltry collections [1]

Object of the invention is to increase the concentration of methane in the biogas.

The problem is solved by the fact that a certain plant is equipped with beams placed in the upper part of the chamber to form gas reservoirs; horizontal partition, installed in the upper part of the body to form a container for commercial biogas chambers regression acid fermentation and methanation, made in the form of mines, separated by horizontal partitions in the section filled with granular media with pulsators, gas outlet nozzle and communicating with each other overflow pipe with ray bubblers, and the upper part of the chamber acid fermentation regression communicated with a collection of mash acid fermentation chamber and the gas capacity of this camera, methanation chamber communicates with a collection brew chamber of methane fermentation and capacity for commercial biogas and beam bubblers communicated with the gas outlet nozzle chamber sour regression fermentation and methane fermentation tank of gas chambers.

When fat and fiber disintegration in acid fermentation chamber formed fatty acids (acetic, formic, propionic, etc.) and alcohols (methanol, ethanol and the like. P.) In the form of volatile products, which inhibit the vital activity of bacteria which decompose proteins and carbohydrates, particularly the decomposition of the latter. A complex is formed of gases comprising carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, ammonia and methane fermentation in the chamber when the hollow proteins. Hydrolysis of the complex formed hydrate and ammonium druuglekisly ammonium hydroxide having a weakly alkaline reaction and suppressing life activity of lactic and butyric acid bacteria decomposing fats and fat and bacteria degrading carbohydrates, and therefore the gas streams fed to the methanation chamber in which carbon dioxide is restored to methane using as a catalyst the hydrogen generated in the acidic chambers and regression acid fermentation. Removal of methanogens livelihoods recovery process from the impact of volatile fatty acids and alcohols, ammonium hydroxide allows the methane bacteria to carry out the enzymatic decomposition of water into hydrogen and oxygen, which allows due to enzymatic hydrolysis to obtain methane mass substantially greater than the mass of ash-free organic matter. Eye-catching at the enzymatic hydrolysis oxygen oxidizes hydrogen sulfide to the organic medium, which increases the quality of biogas. Taken together increases the concentration of methane in the biogas.

The drawing shows a schematic of fecal-processing wastewater to biogas.

The installation comprises a sand trap 1, the dispersant 2, block 3, divided by a partition into chambers 4 and 5, respectively, of acid and methane fermentation with the technological pipes June 10, executed with false bottoms 11 and 12 and placed underneath collections mash 13 and 14 provided with pulsators 15 and 16, the bottom of the beams 17 and 18 and at the top, forming a gas tank 19 and 20 of the horizontal partition 21 gazonepronitsiaemogo material in the upper housing forming a container 22 for commercial biogas. Set downstream mash provided microfilters 23 and 24 and additional dispersing 25 and 26. The unit is equipped cameras 27 regression acid fermentation and 28 methanation made in the form of shafts with continuous horizontal partitions 29 forming section 30, communicating with each other overflow pipe 31 having pulsators 33 and grainy load 34 in solid partitions 29 of sections 30, and the regression chamber 27 acid fermentation communicated with a collection of 14 mash acid fermentation chamber at the top and the gas tank 19 of the chamber 4 is communicated with bubblers 32 of each section 30 and the camera 28 methanation communicated with a collection of 13 brew chamber 5 methane fermentation and beam bubblers 32 communicated with the gas outlet pipe 35 regression acid fermentation chamber 27 and outlet chamber 28 communicates with the gas methanation capacity for 22 commercial biogas.

INSTALLATION PROCESSING fecal waste water works as follows

Effluents heated to ^32-38 o C, enter the sand trap 1, in which depositing mineral impurities are separated and fed to the generator 2, in which the acoustic shock, shearing and trituration effects homogenizing pulverized suspension with the aqueous medium and the formation substrate. In the chamber 4 under the influence of acidic fermentation butyric lactic acid bacteria decomposes fat and fiber to form volatile fatty acids (acetic, formic, etc.) and alcohols (methyl, ethyl, etc.) that accumulate in the gas container 19. On the false bottoms of 11 in the presence of granular backfill is a further refinement of suspensions under the influence of the pulsation generated by the pulsator 15, at the same time it eliminates the blockage of the living section of the bottom 11 and provides a passage in the collection of the mash 13 and then the chamber 27 regression acid fermentation. Simultaneously, through the pipe 10 from the gas container 19 in the regression acid fermentation chamber 27 through spargers 32 receives radiation volatile fatty acids and alcohols and their decay occurs to form carbon dioxide, hydrogen and other gaseous impurities. Ray bubblers 32 have one-sided horizontal inlets that provides a rotational movement of the mash and grinding suspensions granular media 34, and contributes to the refinement of the work of the pulsator 33. mash sequentially flows from top to bottom on the overflow pipe 31, which provides succession, t. E. The use of upstream metabolites of life microorganisms for the supply of micro-organisms downstream section 30 with the simultaneous exhaustion of nutrients mash food. The spent mash with suspended microbes 23 enters the microfilter for separating suspensions, in which pulverized 25 disperser and returned to the input dispergat chamber 27 in regression acid fermentation. Despergirovanie membranes occurs with destruction of bacteria with the release of nucleic acids, enzymes, trace elements, vitamins, biostimulant processes is that in the chamber 27. The chamber 4 of the mash acid fermentation enters the chamber 5 in which the hydrolytic breakdown of proteins and carbons. When ammonia is formed decay protein, which in turn provides the appearance of a mash of ammonium hydroxide and ammonium bicarbonate, which create an alkaline reaction medium into the chamber 5. mash carbon dioxide formed during decomposition organogens and methane gas which is collected in tank 20 and from there through the pipe 6 they were taken in the radial chamber 28 bubblers 32 methanation. Simultaneously, 14 of the collection pipe 7 are selected by the mash, which is supplied to the upper section 28. In the camera 30, the partitions 29 in the presence of granular boot 34 that are in addition to the buffer chopper to immobilize the methanogens, carbon dioxide reduction to methane takes place by utilizing as the catalyst a hydrogen entering through the pipe 35 camera 27 regression acid fermentation in the bubblers 32 camera 28 methanation. Unaffected metabolites butyric lactic acid bacteria increases the biological activity and provides metagenov enzymatic decomposition of water into hydrogen and oxygen. Oxygen oxidizes hydrogen sulfide to the organic medium, which is a trace mineral nutrition for methanogens and hydrogen released during enzymatic hydrolysis, ensures the recovery of methane carbon dioxide. Enzymatic hydrolysis intensified work pulsator 33 and the return of the biomass after its separation in miktrofiltre 24 and crushing disperser 26. The resulting gases are moved from the lower sections 30, 28 in the overlying chamber by overflow pipes 31 are discharged from the top and through the pipe 36 fills the capacity of 22 commercial biogas with a methane content Covering 95-98% 17, 18 and the partition 21, simultaneously with gas tanks 19, 20 and 22 are heat insulators for biological processes in cells 5 and 4, that ensures the stability of the temperature within one degree of accepted. Receipt of waste in sand trap 1 and dispergata substrate through the pipe 9 into the chamber 4 acid fermentation continued.

CLAIM

Plant for the reprocessing of fecal waste water into biogas containing sand trap, the case with the technological pipes, divided by a partition into chambers acidic and methane fermentation with placed underneath collections mash and microfilter, characterized in that it is provided with beams placed in the upper part of the chamber for the formation of gas tanks, horizontal partition, installed in the upper part of the body to form a container for commercial biogas chambers acid fermentation regression and methanation, made in the form of mines, separated by horizontal partitions in the section filled with granular media with pulsators, gas output connections and messages together overflow pipe with radial bubblers, and the upper part of the chamber acid fermentation regression communicated with a collection of mash acid fermentation chamber and the gas capacity of this camera, methanation chamber communicates with a collection brew chamber of methane fermentation and capacity for commercial biogas and beam bubblers communicated with gas outlet nozzle chamber acid fermentation regression and gas capacity of the methane fermentation chamber.

print version
Publication date 05.01.2007gg

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