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DEVICES AND METHODS OF EXTRACTING AND ACCUMULATION OF HYDROGEN AND OXYGEN
INVENTION
Patent of the Russian Federation RU2095321

METHANE TANK FOR WASTEWATER TREATMENT WITH BIOGAS DIVISION

The name of the inventor: Evteev VK; Prosvirnin V.Yu.
The name of the patent holder: Irkutsk State Agricultural Academy
Address for correspondence:
Date of commencement of the patent: 1995.08.09

Use: anaerobic digestion of sewage containing organic waste from agricultural production during treatment of sewage with organic inclusions of industrial enterprises and municipal services. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: The methanthene comprises a vertical cylindrical body, a top and bottom cap in the form of a cone, a sewage water inlet in the lower part, a reaction section filled with waste water and an inert immobilization carrier of anaerobic biomass. New in the methane is the combination in a single design of a branch pipe for biogas removal and a branch pipe for draining the treated runoff. The lower edge of this branch pipe is located at the level of the gas and liquid medium separation, and the upper one passes into the gas-liquid line, which connects the methane tank and the medium separation chamber. It is a sealed vessel, in the bottom of which there is a branch pipe for draining the treated drain, and in the cover there is a branch pipe for biogas extraction.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to devices for anaerobic digestion of sewage containing organic waste from agricultural production and can be used in the purification of effluents with organic inclusions of industrial enterprises and municipal services.

An anaerobic wastewater treatment plant is known , comprising a reservoir with a branch pipe for injecting the source liquid, a collection chute for collecting purified water, a collection system for collecting and removing gas from the liquid in the form of a discharge pipe with hoods arranged in layers along the height of the tank, Connected to the pressure pipes of the collector systems (1). A disadvantage of the known plant is that the treatment of low concentration wastewater is likely to wash out anaerobic biomass from the reactor.

The closest in terms of technical nature to the claimed device is the design of the anaerobic filter methane used as an example for anaerobic digestion of low-concentration wastewater containing organic substances (2). The body of the methane tank is made in the form of a vertical cylindrical vessel. The lower and upper covers of the vessel are cones. The sewage is supplied through a pipe installed at the bottom of the methane tank coaxially with the axis of the cylinder. The reaction part of the methane tank is filled with treated waste water and an inert immobilization carrier of anaerobic biomass. The upper part of the methane, constituting 5 10% of the total volume of the vessel, is filled with evolved biogas. At the interface level of the liquid and gaseous media, a branch pipe is located radially to the axis of the cylinder for removing the treated runoff. To discharge biogas in the upper part of the vessel, the branch pipe is coaxial to the axis of the cylinder.

The process of anaerobic digestion, proceeding in the methane of the above construction, can be characterized as extensive, that is, its efficiency is achieved by creating a high concentration of anaerobic biomass in the reactor, which is a quantitative characteristic of the process.

The disadvantage of this design is the absence of a defoaming device.

It is known that the process of anaerobic digestion, as a rule, is accompanied by foaming, especially with a high biogas yield from a unit of reactor volume. This phenomenon often leads to the filling of the gas cavity and the gas outlet with foam, which leads to disruption of the fermentation regime and often to an emergency situation.

The aim of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the operation of the methane tank, an anaerobic filter, by intensifying the process of anaerobic digestion of waste water and separating the biogas from the fermentation mass, and providing defoaming in the gas cavity of the reactor.

This goal is achieved in that in the methane-containing anaerobic filter containing the vertical cylindrical body, the upper and lower covers are in the form of a body, in the lower part the sewage branch, the reaction part filled with waste water and the inert immobilization carrier of anaerobic biomass, Cavity, combined in a single construction branch pipe for drainage of treated flow and branch pipe for biogas removal. The branch pipe for treated drainage and biogas discharge is located in the upper part of the methane tank, coaxially with the axis of the cylinder, the lower cutoff of the branch pipe is located at the level of the gas and liquid media, and the upper branch passes into the gas-liquid line. The main line connects the methane tank and the separation chamber, which is a sealed vessel in the bottom of which there is a branch pipe for draining the treated drain, and in the cover there is a branch pipe for biogas extraction.

Such a design solution allows to create a cyclic pressure change inside the methane tank reactor and a fluctuation in the level of treated wastewater, which leads to a cyclic change in both the direction of the gradient of the fluid flow rates in the reactor and the constant change in the scalar of this gradient. This leads to an intensification of the process of anaerobic digestion due to the constant reorientation and updating of the boundary surfaces of the treated liquid medium and anaerobic biomass. In addition, this avoids the accumulation of intermediate and final decomposition products of organic substances, in particular biogas vials, at separate points of the reactor. Cyclic fluctuation of the level of the treated liquid in the reactor of the methane tank, as practice shows, is an effective way to combat excessive foaming.

METHANE TANK FOR WASTEWATER TREATMENT WITH BIOGAS DIVISION

The drawing shows a general view of the proposed device. The methane tank includes a vertical cylindrical body 1, hermetically sealed from below and from above by cone-shaped covers 2 and 3, in the bottom cover co-axial to the axis of the cylinder is a branch pipe 4 for the supply of sewage, its reaction part is filled with treated wastewater and an inert immobilization carrier 5 of anaerobic biomass, A nozzle 6 is installed coaxially to the axis of the cylinder to drain the treated runoff and biogas, the lower edge of which is at the level of the gas and liquid media, and the upper cut is transferred to the gas-liquid line 7, which connects the methane tank and the separation chamber 8, in the bottom of which there is a branch pipe 9 for draining the treated drain, and in the chamber cover there is a branch pipe 10 for biogas extraction.

The device works as follows. Sewage with a constant flow rate enters the methane tank for treatment through a pipe 4. Treatment of waste water takes place in the reaction part of the methane tank and consists in the decomposition of organic matter with the release of biogas. At the initial stage, the level of treated wastewater is higher than the lower cutoff of branch pipe 6, which causes the creation of a hydraulic shutter, biogas is accumulated in the gas cavity of the methane tank, and along the branch pipe 6 and the line 7, the treated runoff moves to the separation chamber 8. As a result of the constant separation of biogas, the pressure in the methane tank increases, and the level of the treated liquid decreases, eventually reaches the level of the lower cutoff of the branch pipe 6, which leads to the release of biogas into the branch pipe 6. At the same time, the gas-liquid stream entering the chamber 8, entering the chamber 8 A part of the accumulated biogas leaves the methane tank, the pressure decreases, the level of the treated liquid starts to rise, the hydraulic valve on the branch pipe 6 closes and the cycle repeats. At the same time, separation of biogas from the treated runoff is carried out in the separation chamber of the media 8 under the influence of the difference in the biogas densities and the treated runoff by sedimentation. Separated biogas from the chamber 8 is diverted to further utilization by means of the branch pipe 10, and the treated drainage pipe 9.

The use of the proposed invention is simple in manufacture and operation, it makes it possible to increase the efficiency of the work of the methane tank due to the intensification of the process of anaerobic digestion, and is an effective way to combat foaming in the reactor of a methane tank.

CLAIM

A methane tank containing a vertical cylindrical body, the reaction part of which is filled with an inert immobilization carrier of anaerobic biomass, an upper and lower cap in the form of a cone, a branch pipe for supplying sewage, located in the lower part of the body, means for removing biogas and treated runoff, characterized in that the means For drainage of biogas and treated runoff is made in the form of a single branch pipe located in the upper part of the methane tank along its axis, the lower cut of the branch pipe is located at the level of the interface between the gas and liquid media, the methane tank is equipped with a biogas outlet connected to it by a branch pipe Medium, made in the form of a sealed vessel, in the bottom of which there is a branch pipe for draining the treated drain, and in the cover there is a branch pipe for biogas extraction.

print version
Date of publication 05.01.2007gg