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INVENTION
Patent of the Russian Federation RU2073653

BIOENERGY INSTALLATION

The name of the inventor: Tumchenok Viktor Ignatievich
The name of the patent owner: Tumchenok Victor Ignatievich
Address for correspondence:
Date of commencement of the patent: 1994.06.30

Use: utilization of animal and poultry products (manure, litter) and vegetable carbonaceous and can be used at enterprises of the agro-industrial complex. Essence: Chlorellogenerator 23 contains a body with light-permeable walls and cones 26 and 27, mounted on the barrel 25, with light-permeable walls for transferring the post-birch residue with suspended chlorella with photosynthesis of biomass under natural and artificial illumination from light sources, lamps 24. Chlorella is separated by a microfilter 31 and recycled, And the excess chlorella is disintegrated in a disintegrator 32, sterilized in a heat exchanger 33 and used as a protein-vitamin supplement. In the chloro-chlorine generator, exhaust products are used in the combustion of biomethane in a gas turbine 20.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to the utilization of animal and poultry livestock (manure, litter) and plant carbonaceous waste products with the production of biomethane and protein-vitamin supplement (BVD) and can be used at enterprises of the agro-industrial complex.

A bioenergy plant is known which contains a waste product receiver and a dispersant of carbon-containing vegetable wastes communicated with a mixer for preparing the substrate and through a heat exchanger with acid, regression registers of acidic, neutral and alkaline fermentation, equipped with agitators and an abrasive granular immobilization nozzle (AZIN) Fermentation in biogas and mash is reported with a methane fermentation chamber in the form of a vertical hull with horizontal continuous and perforated partitions forming blown sections communicated with the blowers and methane generating sections equipped with AZIN are placed between the blowing sections, with methane generating sections communicating with each other by overflow pipes, and The upper methane generating section through the heat exchanger is communicated with the gas turbine of the electric generator drive, and the lower section of the methane fermentation chamber is communicated with the inertial microfilter, and the biomass of methanogens with the disintegrator, and the disintegrant with the upper methane-generating section (Aut.sv.SSSR No. 1798333, Cl. C02F 11/04, 1993) . The disadvantage of this is the low level of nutrient elements (carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, microelements, vitamins) used in the afterbird residue (PBO), which reduces the efficiency of the plant.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the plant by the fact that the microfilter according to the TSP is connected with a chlorluogenerator containing a body with light-permeable walls and luminaires and a barrel arranged along the axis of the body with cones of light-permeable material mounted on it, the cones with a narrow base at the top and a wide base at the bottom alternate With cones with a wide base at the top and a narrow base at the bottom, installed with a clearance in relation to the barrel, with a perforated bottom placed in the lower part of the casing with a capacitance placed under it, communicated by exhaust with a gas turbine and by waste TSP with suspended chlorella with an inertial microfilter, and On the biomass of chlorella with a centrifugal disintegrator and on a disintegrant with a heat exchanger-sterilizer and a BVD capacity, and the upper cone of the chlorluogenerator through the branch pipe is communicated with the microfilter of the methane fermentation chamber after the post-ruble residue (PBO).

The chlororegenerator in the form of a barrel with alternating cones mounted on it with light-permeable walls provides a large illuminated surface for photosynthesis of its biomass on biogenic power elements of PBO and carbon dioxide from the exhaust of a gas turbine. At the same time, the heat of exhaust is utilized, which increases the efficiency of the gas turbine. Photosynthesis is carried out from daylight and at night from the luminaires through the translucent walls of the body. The PBO sequentially flows along the cones together with chlorella, some of which are recycled after the microfilter.

The figure shows schematically a bioenergetic installation containing a receptacle 1 of animal and poultry products and a dispersant 2 of vegetable carbonaceous wastes communicated with a substrate preparation mixer 3 and through a heat exchanger 4 with chambers 5 acidic, 6 regressions of acidic, 7 neutral, 8 alkaline fermentation provided with Agitating devices 9 and an abrasive grainy immobilization nozzle (AZIN) 10, the alkali fermentation chamber 8 being biogas and brazed in communication with the methane fermentation chamber 11 in the form of a vertical housing with horizontal continuous 12 and perforated 13 partitions forming the wind sections 14 communicating with the blowers 15, and methane generating 16 equipped with AZIN 17 are placed between the blowing sections 14, the methane generating sections 16 communicating with each other by the overflow pipes 18 and the upper methane generating section 16 through the heat exchanger 19 communicating with the gas turbine 20 of the electric generator drive and the lower section of the methane fermentation chamber 11 Is communicated with the inertial microfilter 21, and with respect to the biomass of methanogens with the disintegrator 22, and the disintegrate with the upper methane-generating section 16, and the disintegrate with the upper methanogenerating section 16. According to the PBO, the microfilter 21 is communicated with a chlorine generator 23 containing a housing with translucent walls, Along the axis of the chloreglenerator housing 23, a barrel 25 with cones of light-permeable material mounted on it, the cone 26 with a narrow base at the top and a wide base at the bottom alternate with the cones 27 with a wide base at the top and a narrow base at the bottom with a gap 28 relative to the barrel 25, In the lower part of the case of the chlorluogenerator 23 is placed a perforated bottom 29 with a container 30 located under it, which is communicated by exhaust with a gas turbine 20 and by waste TSP with a weighted chlorella with a centrifugal disintegrator 32 and a disintegrant with a heat exchanger-sterilizer 33 and an HPV tank, and an upper cone 26 of the chlorluogenerator 23 through the nipple 35 is communicated with the microfilter 21 of the methane fermentation chamber 11 over the TSP.

BIOENERGY INSTALLATION WORKS AS FOLLOWS:

The products of animals and poultry (manure, litter) enter the receiver 1, where they are diluted with water to a concentration of 3 5% and are released with stirring from mineral inclusions. In the dispersant 2, the carbonaceous components are cut (plant residues, wood waste) and the dispersant is fed to a mixer 3 for substrate preparation from the condition of providing a ratio between carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus in the range of about 100: 5: 1. The substrate is heated in a heat exchanger 4 to a temperature of the order of 36 ^° -38 ^° C and subsequently fermented in chambers 5, 6, 7 and 8 with stirring by device 9 in the presence of AZIN 10 (expanded clay, expanded perlite, etc.). A non-hydrogen containing ammonium bicarbonate, ammonium hydroxide from the alkaline fermentation chamber 8 is transferred to the neutral fermentation chamber 7 to reduce the acidity of the mash and to increase the utilization of the cells with additional grinding of the suspensions of AZIN 10. The brew from the alkaline fermentation chamber 8 enters the upper chamber section 16 11 of methane fermentation, and biogas to the blower 15 of the blow section 14. When purging through the horizontal perforated partition 13 and the AZIN 17 layer, the methanogens restore the carbon dioxide of the biogas to methane, biogas being successively squeezed by the superchargers from the underlying methane-generating section 16 to the overlying one. Brach consistently passes through the overflow pipes 18 from top to bottom and enters the microfilter 21 to separate the old and dead cells of methanogens. The biomass is disintegrated in the disintegrator 22 with the destruction of the shells by the hydrodynamic, cavitation and thermal action in the field of inertia forces. Enzymes of disintegrate, added to the mash, ensure the decomposition of water by methanogens on hydrogen and oxygen the phenomenon of fermentolysis. Hydrogen recovers carbon dioxide from biogas to methane, converting it into biomethane, and oxygen oxidizes impurities, including hydrogen sulfide to sulfur, which is a microelement of nutrition for methanogens. The biomethane is freed from the water vapor in the condenser 19 and burned in the gas turbine 20 of the electric generator drive providing the power to the agro-industrial enterprise. When combustion of biomethane in the gas turbine 20, water vapor and carbon dioxide are formed. The exhaust enters the chlororegenerator vessel 30 and through the perforated bottom 29 successively passes from the bottom upward between the cones 26 and 27. The after-fermentation residue (PBO) from the microfilter 21 contains residual biogenic nutrients and physiologically active disintegrant substances and is used to grow chlorella. In order to increase the effect of photosynthesis, the chlorlector-generator body 23 and the cones 26 and 27 are made with light-permeable walls with night-time irradiation from the luminaires 24. The PBO with suspended chlorella is taken to the microfilter 31 and returned to the top of the chlorluogenerator 23. Excess chlorella is disintegrated in an inertial disintegrator 32, Are heated to a temperature of 90 ^° -95 ^° C. in a heat exchanger-sterilizer 33 and used as a protein-vitamin supplement (BVD) for feeding livestock and poultry.

The installation is provided by enterprises of the agro-industrial complex with the utilization of the products of vital activity of animals and poultry with electricity, heat and BVD. The use of BVD reduces the feed consumption by 20-30% is increased by 30-40% egg production, milk yield, meat weight gain. At a rate of 1 gram per 1 kg of live weight, the mortality of young animals decreases, the ecological situation around the enterprises of the agro-industrial complex (APC) improves.

CLAIM

A bioenergetic installation containing acidic and alkaline fermentation chambers communicated with it through biogas and baize a methane fermentation chamber in the form of a vertical shell with horizontal continuous and perforated baffles forming blasting sections communicated with superchargers and having overflow glasses and an immobilization nozzle communicating with the lower section The methane fermentation chamber is an inertial microfilter and a disintegrator, reported in the biomass of methanogens with a microfilter, and in disintegration with the upper section of the methane fermentation chamber, characterized in that it is provided with a waste receptacle, a dispersant of plant carbonaceous wastes, a substrate preparation mixer and a heat exchanger connected to an acid chamber Fermentation having regression chambers of acidic and neutral fermentation reported with an alkaline fermentation chamber, these chambers are equipped with stirring devices and an abrasive granular immobilization nozzle, the unit is equipped with a chlorhelo-generator, communicated with the microfilter for the post-bicarbon residue, in the form of a housing with translucent walls and luminaires located along the axis of the housing The trunk with cones of light-permeable material mounted on it and placed in the bottom of the body with a perforated bottom and under it, the cones with a narrow base at the top and a wide base at the bottom are arranged alternately with cones with a wide base at the top and a narrow base at the bottom and are installed with a clearance relative to the trunk, The unit is equipped with a heat exchanger and a gas turbine of an electric generator, an additional inertial microfilter reported on the after-broil residue with chlorella with a capacity of chloro-generator, and an additional centrifugal disintegrator, heat exchanger-sterilizer and a capacity of the protein-vitamin supplement reported with an additional microfilter in Biomass of chlorella.

print version
Date of publication 15.12.2006гг

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