INVENTION
Russian Federation Patent RU2291608

METHOD OF GROWING POTATOES WITH BIOTECHNOLOGY

METHOD OF GROWING POTATOES WITH BIOTECHNOLOGY

Name of the inventor: Viktor Melikhov (RU); Astakhov Anatoly (RU); Navitnyaya Albina A. (RU); Karengin Tamara
The name of the patentee: State Scientific Institution All-Russian Research Institute of Agricultural Sciences of irrigated agriculture
Address for correspondence: 400002, Volgograd, st. Timiryazeva 9, GNU VNIIOZ
Starting date of the patent: 2005.08.22

The invention relates to agriculture, namely to a method of growing potatoes. As a precursor used perennial legumes grasses, after the first mowing, tillage is carried out by stubble breaking, moldboard plowing and treatment. Carry out pre-plant tuber composition of the complex strains of Pseudomonas sp. and humic fertilizer "Darina" pre-harvest and processing the crops. The composition is diluted prior to treatment of the culture fluid 3-day Chlorella Vulgaris. Pre-harvest processing of potato planting is carried out with brine of natural bischofite rate of 35-40 liters / ha. The invention allows to increase potato yields and reduce pesticide pressure on the soil.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to agriculture and can be used in the cultivation of potatoes.

There is a method of growing potatoes, including use as a precursor crops sown perennial grasses, shallow plowing, plowing, cutting ridges fall, pre-plant tubers by heating and germination of tubers in covered areas, land [1].

To protect plants from weeds used in the known method Zenkor herbicide, Pest - insecticides, e.g., Fastak. Before cleaning the tops treated with 3% of magnesium chlorate.

Lack of ways - the use of harsh chemicals -pestitsidov providing a depressing effect on the soil, plants.

The technical result - decrease pesticide pressure on the soil, plants and increase potato yields.

The technical result is achieved in that the method comprising tillage after predecessor by stubble breaking, plowing, cutting ridges fall, pre-plant tubers, planting and pre-harvest treatment of the crops, according to the invention as a precursor using perennial legumes grasses, after the first mowing, primary tillage after harvesting the precursor further includes processing subsurface to a depth of 14-16 cm, which is carried out 2-3 weeks after stubble breaking and following it plowing - with an interval of at least 2 weeks, pre-plant tuber spend the composition of the complex strains microorganisms of the genus Pseudomonas: Pseudomonas Species 7D, Pseudomonas Species 7D 2K, Pseudomonas Species 17-2 concentration 2-5 10 10 cells / ml made in 1.5: 0.7: 1.5 and humic fertilizer "Darina". Before processing composition is diluted culture fluid 3-day Chlorella Vulgaris 70-80 liters of fluid - the amount necessary to process 1 ton of tubers at the rate of 2.7 ml of the complex strains and 4.86 ml "Darina" per ton of tubers. Pre-harvest processing of potato planting is carried out with brine of natural bischofite rate of 35-40 liters / ha.

Example 1 (Control)

After harvesting the winter wheat was carried out removing the stubble disc plows to a depth of 6-8 cm. After 10 days, was carried out after harrowing plowing to a depth of arable layer. Cutting of the ridges in the autumn. In the spring when the soil in the physical maturity crests performed planting tubers of potato varieties Volzhanin previously sustained in a covered area for warm germination and for 20-25 days at a temperature of + 12 to + 14 ° C.

To protect plants from weeds using a herbicide Zenkor a dose of 1 kg / ha, which was added twice before planting potatoes. To protect plants from pests using 2-hkratnuyu Fastak insecticide treatments at a dose of 0.12 l / ha.

Potato Cultivation was carried out on irrigation. Maintaining soil moisture carried within 70-75% of the HB layer of soil in 0.6 m.

Before cleaning (per week) Potato planting treated with 3% of magnesium chlorate, by spraying.

potato harvesting was conducted in late July - early August. The yield was 195 kg / ha. The yield of marketable tubers 90%.

example 2

After cleaning the 1st mowing alfalfa performed removing stubble disc plows. After 2.5 weeks conducted subsurface tillage to a depth of 14-16 cm. After that 2 weeks was carried out plowing to a depth of 25-27 cm and cutting ridges.

Pre-treatment of tubers was carried out the composition of the complex strains of Pseudomonas ps. B amount of 2.7 ml and humic fertilizer "Darin" - 4.86 ml. Before treatment composition diluted culture liquid 3 hdnevnoy Chlorella Vulgaris 80 liters of liquid.

The protection of plants against pests and maintain soil moisture was performed similarly to controls.

One week before the potato planting treated natural brine based bishofit 35-40 l / ha by spraying a working solution in an amount of 350 l / ha.

Potato was carried out in the same time frame as the control. The yield was 260 kg / ha. The yield of marketable tubers 93%.

When used as a precursor perennial legumes nutrient content in the soil is significantly higher than in comparison with the prototype. This makes it possible to reduce the dose of mineral fertilizers.

Additional soil treatment in the form of subsurface treatment in the present process provides almost 100% destruction of alfalfa and reducing soil contamination annual and perennial weeds. A and increases the nutrient content of the soil by increasing microbiological activity of soil microorganisms.

Complex strains belonging to Pseudomonas Species 7D, Pseudomonas Species 7D 2K, Pseudomonas Species 17-2 have a broad spectrum of antagonistic activity on phytopathogens. Wherein each strain has high specific activity against certain phytopathogenic and strains composition is capable of more effectively inhibit the development of phytopathogen than individually. The composition can reduce the degree of damage to the potato of fungal and bacterial diseases caused by harmful bacteria: Bacterium phytophtorum (blackleg), Corinebacterium sepedonicum (ring rot) and and Fusarium oxysporum (Fusarium wilt), Rizoctonia solani (Rhizoctonia), Phytophtora infestans (late blight).

Reducing pesticide pressure on the soil and plants is achieved by eliminating the use of the technological chain herbicide Zenkor and magnesium chlorate.

The yield increase by 65 t / ha compared to the prototype due to the additional processing of the soil in the form of processing and subsurface using strains of the complex, together with humic fertilizer "Darina".

Use as natural desiccant brine bishofit enriches the soil mineral elements contained therein, according to the natural formula, in the optimum ratio.

USED ​​BOOKS

1. Recommendations for the spring field work in the Volgograd region farms in 2003 (Technology requirements) Volgograd, 2003, s.43-46.

CLAIM

Potato cultivation method using biotechnology, including soil treatment after the precursor by stubble breaking, plowing, cutting ridges fall, pre-plant tubers, planting and pre-harvest treatment of the crops, characterized in that the precursor used perennial legumes grasses, after the first mowing, the main processing soil after harvesting the precursor further includes processing subsurface to a depth of 14-16 cm, which is carried out 2-3 weeks after stubble breaking and following it plowing carried out at intervals of not less than two weeks, tubers Pre-treatment is carried out from the complex composition of microorganisms of the genus Pseudomonas strains : Pseudomonas Species 7D, Pseudomonas Species 7G2K, Pseudomonas Species 17-2 concentration 2-5 10 10 cells / ml made in 1.5: 0.7: 1.5, and humic fertilizer "Darina", before processing composition is diluted culture three-day liquid Chlorella Vulgaris 70-80 liters of fluid - the amount necessary to process one tonne of tubers at the rate of 2.7 ml of the complex strains and 4.86 ml "Darina" per tonne of tubers in the pre-harvest treatment of the crops is carried out with brine of natural bischofite is based 35-40 l / ha.

print version
Publication date 08.03.2007gg